Migraine, Celiac Disease and Intestinal Microbiota

Investigators from four European tertiary care hospitals (in Paris, France; Milan, Udine and Perugia, Italy) performed a case-control study of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years diagnosed with primary headaches in the emergency department by a pediatric neurologist using the validated ICHD-3 criteria

Autism & Gluten: The Proof By Regression!

Investigators from different clinical and research centers from Paris, France studied the polymorphisms of the HLA class II loci in an autistic population.</span

Lack of Effect of SU1498, an Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2, in a Transgenic Murine Model of Retinoblastoma

SU1498, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), has activity against retinal neovascular diseases. To determine if this drug might have clinical utility against retinoblastoma, we evaluated the effects of SU1498, as well as the expression of VEGFR-2, in a transgenic animal model of retinoblastoma. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was evaluated as a technology to measure retinal tumors in vivo, in response to treatment. Immunofluorescence analysis was performed to evaluate the distribution and expression of VEGFR-2 in enucleated eyes from LHβTag transgenic mice and controls at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks of age. VEGFR-2 and phosphorylated (p)VEGFR-2 levels were quantitated by Western blot. OCT was used to pair 10-week-old animals based on tumor volume (n=10), and these animals were treated with 6 periocular injections of SU1498 (50mg/kg, given twice weekly) or vehicle for 3 weeks. Tumor burden was determined by histology and in vivo imaging by OCT. VEGFR-2 and pVEGFR-2 expression levels were upregulated during tumorigenesis. However, SU1498 did not significantly reduce tumor burden compared to vehicle (p=0.29). OCT imaging of one matched pair demonstrated equivalent, linear tumor growth despite treatment with SU1498. Retinal tumors can be followed non-invasively and quantitatively measured with OCT. VEGFR-2 is strongly upregulated during tumorigenesis in transgenic retinoblastoma; however, SU1498 does not decrease tumor volume in transgenic murine RB at the studied dose and route of administration

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in an albino child: a peculiar presentation

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis. It is characterized by nodulo-ulcerative skin lesions and occasionally nodular, papular/plaque, and/or impetiginous lesions on exposed parts of the body. However, other atypical lesions of CL have been reported worldwide such as lupoid, eczematous, erysipeloid, verrucous, dry, zosteriform, paronychial, sporotrichoid, chancriform, annular and erythematous volcanic ulcers. These non-specific lesions often make the diagnosis challenging due to the large number of differential diagnoses and may lead to a delay in the implementation of CL therapy and therefore a higher risk of lifelong scars and major quality of life issues and stigma. We report a case of an 11-year-old immunocompetent albino child boy that presented with 3 years’ history of persistent multiple asymptomatic, small ulcers and cribriform scars of the forehead. Diagnosis of CL was confirmed by detecting Leishmania parasites in tissue specimens, and treatment by antimony drugs resulted in healing of lesion within one month. This is a novel case of a rare, atypical form of CL, which resulted in delayed diagnosis and management. Clinicians, especially those practicing in CL endemic areas like the Americas and the Mediterranean basin, should consider systematically the diagnosis of CL in front of long-lasting and/or non-specific lesions

Antiangiogenic Activity of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose

During tumor angiogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) are engaged in a number of energy consuming biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, and capillary formation. Since glucose uptake and metabolism are increased to meet this energy need, the effects of the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis were investigated.In cell culture, 2-DG inhibited EC growth, induced cytotoxicity, blocked migration, and inhibited actively forming but not established endothelial capillaries. Surprisingly, 2-DG was a better inhibitor of these EC properties than two more efficacious glycolytic inhibitors, 2-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose and oxamate. As an alternative to a glycolytic inhibitory mechanism, we considered 2-DG's ability to interfere with endothelial N-linked glycosylation. 2-DG's effects were reversed by mannose, an N-linked glycosylation precursor, and at relevant concentrations 2-DG also inhibited synthesis of the lipid linked oligosaccharide (LLO) N-glycosylation donor in a mannose-reversible manner. Inhibition of LLO synthesis activated the unfolded protein response (UPR), which resulted in induction of GADD153/CHOP and EC apoptosis (TUNEL assay). Thus, 2-DG's effects on ECs appeared primarily due to inhibition of LLOs synthesis, not glycolysis. 2-DG was then evaluated in two mouse models, inhibiting angiogenesis in both the matrigel plug assay and the LH(BETA)T(AG) transgenic retinoblastoma model.In conclusion, 2-DG inhibits endothelial cell angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, at concentrations below those affecting tumor cells directly, most likely by interfering with N-linked glycosylation rather than glycolysis. Our data underscore the importance of glucose metabolism on neovascularization, and demonstrate a novel approach for anti-angiogenic strategies

Issues Management – Hype or economic necessity? : an indicatorbased analysis against the background of changing media consumption

Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit geht der Frage nach, ob die Disziplin Issues Management vor dem Hintergrund des sich verändernden Medienkonsums eine ökonomische Notwendigkeit für Unternehmen, Organisationen sowie Institutionen darstellt. Um die Thematik näher zu beleuchten und repräsentative Ergebnisse zu erlangen, werden zuerst begriffliche sowie inhaltliche Grundlagen definiert. Darauffolgend wird eine Einordnung der Disziplin in den Kontext des medialen Wandels vorgenommen, um eine potentielle Notwendigkeit vor dem Hintergrund des sich verändernden Medienkonsums zu ergründen. Schließlich wird die Disziplin einer Einbindung in Teilbereiche der Unternehmenskommunikation unterzogen, um eine potentielle Einbindung des Issues Managements in die Unternehmenskommunikation zu begründen. Aus der Analyse der theoretischen Forschungsergebnisse wurden verschiedene Indikatoren erörtert, die übergreifend zentrale Bestandteile abdecken, um eine potentielle ökonomische Notwendigkeit zu begründen. Um die theoriebasierten Forschungsergebnisse in ihrer Zuverlässigkeit zu beurteilen und weitere Lösungsansätze zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage zu eruieren, soll eine qualitative Methodik in Form von drei leitfadengestützten Experteninterviews angewandt werden, die mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet werden. Als Ableitung aus den theoretischen Überlegungen sowie einer Auswertung der qualitativen Methodik lässt sich begründen, dass die Disziplin Issues Management vor dem Hintergrund des sich verändernden Medienkonsums eine ökonomische Notwendigkeit für Unternehmen, Organisationen und Institutionen darstellt

Toward cross-curricular coherence in preparing teacher candidates for culturally responsive teaching

Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Washington, 2020University of Washington Abstract Toward cross-curricular coherence in preparing teacher candidates for culturally responsive teaching Afnan Boutrid Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Ken Zeichner College of Education Curriculum and Instruction This qualitative curriculum analysis study investigates the presence of cross-curricular coherence in a secondary teacher education program in preparing teacher candidates for culturally responsive teaching (CRT). This study draws on literature from Villegas and Lucas (2002) and uses their model of culturally responsive teaching to determine where the six CRT strands are present in the curriculum of the teacher education program. This study also explores how coherence existences in the curriculum both conceptually as well as structurally. This study examines the cross-curricular coherence in the summer quarter of the Master’s in Teaching (MIT) program in secondary education at the University of Washington by addressing the overlaps and gaps that currently exist. It then makes recommendations for how to ensure the curriculum is more coherent in preparing teachers to successfully carry out CRT

Morphea and Autoimmunity: HLA behind the scene?

We read with deep attention the case report recently published  about the peculiar association of morphea, celiac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis and dermatomyositis , and we would discuss the particular genetics that lay behind morphea and related autoimmune disorders, with a focus on HLA genes