1,262 research outputs found
Analyzing the Recent, Rapid Tourism Development in Panama\u27s Bocas del Toro Archipelago: Is Socioenvironmental Justice Attainable?
The Bocas del Toro archipelago of Panama has seen a rapid growth in its tourism industry since the 1990s. From a neoliberal perspective, tourism development is beneficial for all. Alternatively, I analyze the recent, rapid tourism development in Bocas from a critical development theoretical perspective, identifying its positive and negative implications, as well as who they accrue to. While there are economic benefits to tourism in Bocas, only foreign investors, the Panamanian government and English-speaking residents appear to earn them. The Bocas residents, and indigenous Ngöbe residents in particular, suffer from a range of economic, sociocultural, environmental and land access challenges stemming from tourism that exacerbate and create new forms of inequality. In order to achieve socioenvironmental justice in Bocas, a sustainable, community-based ecotourism alternative should be considered
Physical Activity Levels & Successful Aging
Hypothesis: Greater levels of physical activity have a positive correlation with greater levels of independence as well as better outcomes with respect to self-perceived health-related quality of life for elderly individuals (65+ years of age)
Reconciling Taking the Indian out of the Nurse
Currently, we are faced with an important equity gap and opportunity for nursing in higher education related to Indigenous Peoples and health. While Westernized higher education often marginalizes Indigenous Peoples, there is an important opportunity to respectfully engage with Indigenous Knowledges. Furthermore, broadening perspectives beyond a dominant Westernized worldview has the potential to advance higher education for Indigenous and non-Indigenous learners alike. We are concerned that ongoing assimilation of Indigenous learners poses a profound risk of social injustice that is contrary to the aim of higher education. In our effort to reconcile nursing education in this context, we offer this discussion paper of scholarly and grey literature interwoven with story work by Indigenous nursing students regarding their undergraduate experiences in the academy. Two significant interrelated gaps/opportunities are revealed: enactment of cultural safety and respectful engagement with Indigenous Knowledges. Action strategies include heart-mind knowledge connection, contextual learning, and two-way teaching and learning. It is our hope that this discussion will inspire critical conversations and meaningful action for educators to reconcile higher education and address structural racism. While reconciliation may be viewed as a duty in higher education and society, we further recognize it as a natural fit within the caring ethos of nursing.
Résumé
Nous sommes confrontĂ©s Ă dâimportantes inĂ©galitĂ©s relativement Ă la santĂ© des Autochtones et aux possibilitĂ©s dâenseignement supĂ©rieur en sciences infirmiĂšres pour eux. Alors que lâenseignement supĂ©rieur occidentalisĂ© marginalise souvent les peuples autochtones, il a une occasion de faire respectueusement appel Ă leurs Connaissances. Sâouvrir aux perspectives au-delĂ de la vision du monde occidentalisĂ©e dominante pourrait faire progresser lâenseignement supĂ©rieur pour les Ă©tudiants autochtones et non autochtones. Nous craignons que lâassimilation en cours des Ă©tudiants autochtones constitue un signe important dâinjustice sociale contraire Ă lâobjectif de lâenseignement supĂ©rieur. Dans un esprit de conciliation de la formation en sciences infirmiĂšres, nous proposons ce texte de discussion appuyĂ© de publications universitaires, de la littĂ©rature grise et de rĂ©cits dâĂ©tudiantes autochtones en sciences infirmiĂšres sur leur parcours universitaire au premier cycle. Deux importantes lacunes/possibilitĂ©s Ă©troitement inter-reliĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© mises au jour : la mise en Ćuvre de la sĂ©curitĂ© culturelle et le recours respectueux aux Connaissances Autochtones. Les stratĂ©gies dâaction prĂ©conisĂ©es portent notamment sur lâouverture cĆur/esprit aux connaissances, lâapprentissage contextuel ainsi que lâenseignement et lâapprentissage bidirectionnels. Nous espĂ©rons que cette discussion inspirera dâimportantes conversations et des actions significatives chez les enseignants en vue de rapprocher lâenseignement supĂ©rieur et de lutter contre le racisme structurel. Bien que la rĂ©conciliation puisse ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©e comme un devoir dans le domaine de lâenseignement supĂ©rieur et dans la sociĂ©tĂ©, nous reconnaissons Ă©galement quâil sâagit dâune adĂ©quation naturelle au sein de la philosophie du soin en sciences infirmiĂšres
A Review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Pan-Kinosternoidea
Turtles of the total clade Pan-Kinosternoidea have a relatively poor fossil record that extends back to the Late Cretaceous (Campanian). The clade is found only in North America during its early history, but dispersed to Central America no later than the Miocene and to South America no later than the Pleistocene. Ancestral pan-kinosternoids were likely aquatic, bottom-walking omnivores or carnivores that preferred low-energy freshwater habitats. The Pan-Dermatemys lineage is often recovered in more fluvial habitats, and some are specialized to feed on aquatic vegetation. Alternatively, many representatives of Kinosternon evolved specializations (e.g., plastral lobe kinesis) that allowed them to successfully inhabit and disperse across more terrestrial habitats such as savannas and floodplains. A taxonomic review of the group concludes that of 42 named taxa, 27 are nomina valida (including two species of the controversial taxon Planetochelys), 14 are nomina invalida and only one a nomen dubium
Structure of Mandelate Racemase with Bound Intermediate Analogues Benzohydroxamate and Cupferron
Mandelate racemase (MR, EC 5.1.2.2) from Pseudomonas putida catalyzes the Mg2+-dependent interconversion of the enantiomers of mandelate, stabilizing the altered substrate in the transition state by 26 kcal/mol relative to the substrate in the ground state. To understand the origins of this binding discrimination, we determined the X-ray crystal structures of wild-type MR complexed with two analogues of the putative aci-carboxylate intermediate, benzohydroxamate and Cupferron, to 2.2-Ă
resolution. Benzohydroxamate is shown to be a reasonable mimic of the transition state and/or intermediate because its binding affinity for 21 MR variants correlates well with changes in the free energy of transition state stabilization afforded by these variants. Both benzohydroxamate and Cupferron chelate the active site divalent metal ion and are bound in a conformation with the phenyl ring coplanar with the hydroxamate and diazeniumdiolate moieties, respectively. Structural overlays of MR complexed with benzohydroxamate, Cupferron, and the ground state analogue (S)-atrolactate reveal that the para carbon of the substrate phenyl ring moves by 0.8â1.2 Ă
between the ground state and intermediate state, consistent with the proposal that the phenyl ring moves during MR catalysis while the polar groups remain relatively fixed. Although the overall protein structure of MR with bound intermediate analogues is very similar to that of MR with bound (S)-atrolactate, the intermediateâMg2+ distance becomes shorter, suggesting a tighter complex with the catalytic Mg2+. In addition, Tyr 54 moves closer to the phenyl ring of the bound intermediate analogues, contributing to an overall constriction of the active site cavity. However, site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that the role of Tyr 54 in MR catalysis is relatively minor, suggesting that alterations in enzyme structure that contribute to discrimination between the altered substrate in the transition state and the ground state by this proficient enzyme are extremely subtle
Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Women
Among women, there is an increased prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and less participation in physical activity at levels recommended by the Surgeon General. As a result, women have been identified as a target group in public health initiatives to increase physical activity. The health-related benefits of habitual, moderate intensity physical activity are well documented in the epidemiological literature, but less is known about the effect of such physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness. Our hypothesis was that moderate and vigorous exercise training regimens of similar estimated energy expenditure would result in similar changes in cardiorespiratory fitness. Eighteen sedentary premenopausal women with the following baseline characteristics [x ± SE]: maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) = 29.5 ± 1.5ml â kg-1 â min-1; age=33 ± 1 years; height=162.6 ± 0.9 cm; mass = 62.7 ± 2.3 kg, were randomly assigned to either vigorous (HI, 80% VO2max, n=10) or moderate intensity (MOD, 40% VO2max, n=8) cycle ergometer training groups. Exercise training was conducted 3-4 (3.37 ± 0.05) days/week for 12 weeks in a supervised and progressive manner, with estimated exercise energy expenditure equated across both training groups. VO2max and time to exhaustion increased significantly in both groups (p\u3c0.05), with no difference between groups. Both groups had lower (p\u3c0.05) posttraining submaximal heart rates (HR), respiratory exchange ratios (RER), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during graded exercise testing, with no significant differences between the groups in posttraining values. Women participating in moderate intensity exercise training as recommended in basic public health guidelines demonstrate an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness similar to that elicited by vigorous training
Spatially Extended Low Ionization Emission Regions (LIERs) at
We present spatially resolved emission diagnostics for eight
galaxies that demonstrate extended low ionization emission-line regions (LIERs)
over kpc scales. Eight candidates are selected based on their spatial extent
and emission line fluxes from slitless spectroscopic observations with the
HST/WFC3 G141 and G800L grisms in the well-studied GOODS survey fields. Five of
the candidates (62.5%) are matched to X-ray counterparts in the \textit{Chandra
X-Ray Observatory} Deep Fields. We modify the traditional
Baldwin-Philips-Terlevich (BPT) emission line diagnostic diagram to use
[SII]/(H+[NII]) instead of [NII]/H to overcome the blending of
[NII] and H+[NII] in the low resolution slitless grism spectra. We
construct emission line ratio maps and place the individual pixels in the
modified BPT. The extended LINER-like emission present in all of our
candidates, coupled with X-Ray properties consistent with star-forming galaxies
and weak [OIII]5007\AA\ detections, is inconsistent with purely
nuclear sources (LINERs) driven by active galactic nuclei. While recent
ground-based integral field unit spectroscopic surveys have revealed
significant evidence for diffuse LINER-like emission in galaxies within the
local universe , this work provides the first evidence for the
non-AGN origin of LINER-like emission out to high redshifts.Comment: 11 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the
Astrophysics Journal (ApJ
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