Active Based-Metasurfaces for Mid-Infrared Optoelectronics Devices

We develop low-temperature (450°C) deposition conditions for vanadium di-oxide phase change material. It permits implementation of tunable mid-infrared meta-surfaces on quantum cascade lasers based heterostructures

Validité des informations recueillies auprès des mères sur la période périnatale

International audienceOBJECTIFS. Les caractéristiques périnatales étant liées à la survenue ultérieure d’événements de santé, les études épidémiologiques sur le développement des enfants requièrent des informations sur cette période. En l’absence de registres nationaux, le recueil de données à partir du dossier médical est probablement la source la plus fiable, mais peut s’avérer difficile en pratique, voire impossible.Une alternative est de demander aux mères de remplir un questionnaire postal avec l’aide du carnet de santé de l’enfant. Notre objectif est d’évaluer la concordance entre les dossiers médicaux et les déclarations maternelles concernant les informations sur l’accouchement et la santé de l’enfant à la naissance.MÉTHODE. Dans trois hôpitaux de la région parisienne, 580 femmes ont rem-pli un questionnaire postal avec l’aide du carnet de santé de leur enfant, six semaines après leur accouchement. Les informations concernant la grossesse,l’accouchement et la santé de l’enfant à la naissance ont été indépendamment recueillies à partir des dossiers médicaux par les pédiatres de chaque maternité.Résultats.– La concordance entre les deux sources d’information pour différents facteurs périnatals a été évaluée à l’aide de kappas. La concordance était excellente pour le mode d’accouchement, l’âge gestationnel, le poids, la taille et le périmètre crânien de naissance (kappa entre 0,80 et 1,00), bonne pour les hospitalisations durant la grossesse, mais médiocre pour les scores d’Apgar.CONCLUSION. À l’exception du score d’Apgar, les déclarations maternelles basées sur le carnet de santé semblent fiables comparées aux dossiers médicaux. Comme le carnet de santé existe dans la plupart des pays développés,cette approche pourrait être utilisée dans les études épidémiologiques sur le développement de l’enfant en France, mais également dans d’autres pays

Recueil d'Airs sérieux et à boire, de différents auteurs...

Présentation musicale : Partitio

Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: a meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies

Objective: To test the a priori hypothesis that longer duration of ruptured membranes is associated with increased risk of vertical transmission of HIV. Design: The relationship between duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV was evaluated in an individual patient data meta-analysis. Methods: Eligible studies were prospective cohort studies including at least 100 mother-child pairs, from regions where HIV-infected women are counselled not to breastfeed. Analyses were restricted to vaginal deliveries and non-elective Cesarean sections; elective Cesarean section deliveries (those performed before onset of labour and before rupture of membranes) were excluded. Results: The primary analysis included 4721 deliveries with duration of ruptured membranes less than or equal to 24 h. After adjusting for other factors known to be associated with vertical transmission using logistic regression analysis to assess the strength of the relationship, the risk of vertical HIV transmission increased approximately 2% with an increase of 1 h in the duration of ruptured membranes [adjusted odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.04; for each 1 h increment]. There were no significant interactions of duration of ruptured membranes with study cohort or with any of the covariates, except maternal AIDS. Among women diagnosed with AIDS, the estimated probability of transmission increased from 8% to 31% with duration of ruptured membranes of 2 h and 24 h respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusions: These results support the importance of duration of ruptured membranes as a risk factor for vertical transmission of HIV and suggest that a diagnosis of AIDS in the mother at the time of delivery may potentiate the effect of duration of ruptured membranes. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: A meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies

Objective: To test the a priori hypothesis that longer duration of ruptured membranes is associated with increased risk of vertical transmission of HIV. Design: The relationship between duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV was evaluated in an individual patient data meta-analysis. Methods: Eligible studies were prospective cohort studies including at least 100 mother-child pairs, from regions where HIV-infected women are counselled not to breastfeed. Analyses were restricted to vaginal deliveries and non-elective Cesarean sections; elective Cesarean section deliveries (those performed before onset of labour and before rupture of membranes) were excluded. Results: The primary analysis included 4721 deliveries with duration of ruptured membranes ≤ 24 h. After adjusting for other factors known to be associated with vertical transmission using logistic regression analysis to assess the strength of the relationship, the risk of vertical HIV transmission increased approximately 2% with an increase of 1 h in the duration of ruptured membranes [adjusted odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.04; for each 1 h increment]. There were no significant interactions of duration of ruptured membranes with study cohort or with any of the covariates, except maternal AIDS. Among women diagnosed with AIDS, the estimated probability of transmission increased from 8% to 31% with duration of ruptured membranes of 2 h and 24 h respectively (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: These results support the importance of duration of ruptured membranes as a risk factor for vertical transmission of HIV and suggest that a diagnosis of AIDS in the mother at the time of delivery may potentiate the effect of duration of ruptured membranes. © 2001 Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins