Decent working time: New trends, new issues.

Includes selected papers from the 9th International Symposium on Working Time, Paris (2004), looking at the increasing use of results-based employment relationships for managers and professionals, and the increasing fragmentation of time to more closely tailor staffing needs to customer requirements (e.g., short-hours, part-time work). Moreover, as operating/opening hours rapidly expand toward a 24-hour and 7-day economy, the book considers how this has resulted in a growing diversification, decentralization, and individualization of working hours, as well as an increasing tension between enterprises' business requirements and workers' needs and preferences regarding their hours. It addresses issues such as increasing employment insecurity and instability, time-related social inequalities, particularly in relation to gender, workers' ability to balance their paid work with their personal lives, and the synchronization of working hours with social times, such as community activities. In addition, the book offers suggestions on how policy-makers, academics, and the social partners can together help further develop effective policies for advancing "decent working timeRéduction du temps de travail; Aménagement du temps de travail; Horaires de travail; Labor laws and legislation; Developed countries; Trend; Arrangement of working time; Flexible hours of work; Hours of work;

The Social consequences of sunday work in the USA

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Decent working time in industrialized countries: issues, scopes and paradox

International audienceThis chapter attempts to analyse the ways in which the trends and stakes of working time have changed during recent decades (section 1.2). The utility of the concept of “decent working time” will then be examined in the light of these changes, by emphasizing its heuristic contribution, and the perspectives and implications that the term suggests in respect of working time policy (section 1.3). The limits and even the paradoxes of such a concept when applied to a heterogeneous world of national spaces can thus be stipulated. The paradoxes and contradictions of policies, in this case EU ones, will then be stressed (section 1.4). Finally, we will show how the notion of “decent working time” suggests some reconfigurations of these policies (section 1.5)

Sample from copula: a COPPY module

The modeling of dependence between random variables is an important subject in several applied fields of science. To this aim the copula function can be used as a margin-free description of the dependence structure. Several copulae belong to specific families such as Archimedean, Elliptical or Extreme. While software implementation of copulae has been thoroughly explored in \textsf{R} software, methods to work with copula in \textsf{Python} are still in their infancy. To promote the dependence modeling with copula in \textsf{Python}, we have developed \textbf{COPPY}, a library that provides a range of random vector generation vector for copulae.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, 6 table

Call center demand forecasting : improving sales calls prediction accuracy through the combination of statistical methods and judgmental forecast

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-81).Call centers are important for developing and maintaining healthy relationships with customers. At Dell, call centers are also at the core of the company's renowned direct model. For sales call centers in particular, the impact of proper operations is reflected not only in long-term relationships with customers, but directly on sales and revenue. Adequate staffing and proper scheduling are key factors for providing an acceptable service level to customers. In order to staff call centers appropriately to satisfy demand while minimizing operating expenses, an accurate forecast of this demand (sales calls) is required. During fiscal year 2009, inaccuracies in consumer sales call volume forecasts translated into approximately $1.1M in unnecessary overtime expenses and$34.5M in lost revenue for Dell. This work evaluates different forecasting techniques and proposes a comprehensive model to predict sales call volume based on the combination of ARIMA models and judgmental forecasting. The proposed methodology improves the accuracy of weekly forecasted call volume from 23% to 46% and of daily volume from 27% to 41%. Further improvements are easily achievable through the adjustment and projection processes introduced herein that rely on contextual information and the expertise of the forecasting team.by Juan Manuel Boulin.S.M.M.B.A

Identifying regions of concomitant compound precipitation and wind speed extremes over Europe

The task of simplifying the complex spatio-temporal variables associated with climate modeling is of utmost importance and comes with significant challenges. In this research, our primary objective is to tailor clustering techniques to handle compound extreme events within gridded climate data across Europe. Specifically, we intend to identify subregions that display asymptotic independence concerning compound precipitation and wind speed extremes. To achieve this, we utilise daily precipitation sums and daily maximum wind speed data derived from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset spanning from 1979 to 2022. Our approach hinges on a tuning parameter and the application of a divergence measure to spotlight disparities in extremal dependence structures without relying on specific parametric assumptions. We propose a data-driven approach to determine the tuning parameter. This enables us to generate clusters that are spatially concentrated, which can provide more insightful information about the regional distribution of compound precipitation and wind speed extremes. In the process, we aim to elucidate the respective roles of extreme precipitation and wind speed in the resulting clusters. The proposed method is able to extract valuable information about extreme compound events while also significantly reducing the size of the dataset within reasonable computational timeframes.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figure

Decent working time. New trends, new Issues

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Expérimentation et Modélisation du Transfert d'hydrogène à travers des argiles de centre de stockage de déchets radioactifs

Gases will be generated by corrosion of high radioactive waste containers in deep geological repositories. A gas phase will be generated. Gas pressure will build up and penetrated the geological formation. If gases do not penetrate the geological barrier efficiently, the pressure build up may create a risk of fracturation and of creation of preferential pathways for radionuclide migration. The present work focuses on Callovo-Oxfordian argillites characterisation. An experiment, designed to measure very low permeabilities, was used with hydrogen/helium and analysed using the Dusty Gas Model. Argillites close to saturation have an accessible porosity to gas transfer that is lower than 0,1% to 1% of the porosity. Analysis of the Knudsen effect suggests that this accessible network should be made of 50 nm to 200 nm diameter pores. The permeabilities values were integrated to an ANDRA operating model. The model showed that the maximum pressure expected near the repository would be 83 bar.Des gaz vont être générés par corrosion des conteneurs de déchets radioactifs au niveau d'un stockage en couche géologique profonde. Une bulle de gaz se crée et monte en pression. Si le gaz pénètre difficilement la formation géologique, l'augmentation de pression pourra la fissurer et créer des chemins préférentiels à la migration de radionucléides. Les argilites du Callovo-Oxfordien sont ici caractérisées. Un dispositif permettant de mesurer de très faibles perméabilités à l'hydrogène/hélium a été utilisé couplé au Dusty Gas Model. Les argilites proches de la saturation ont une porosité accessible au gaz inférieure à 1% voire 0,1% de la porosité totale. A partir de l'étude de l'effet Knudsen cette porosité pourrait être due à des pores de 50 à 200 nm de diamètre mis en évidence lors de la caractérisation des réseaux. En intégrant ces résultats dans un modèle opérationnel de l'ANDRA, la pression maximale atteinte au sein d'une alvéole de stockage serait de 83 bar