Popular Brazilian Portuguese through capoeira: from local to global

The present study examines the process of globalization of popular Brazilian Portuguese (PBP) through the spreading of capoeira outside Brazil. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in New York City and eight years of capoeira practice, my objective is to demonstrate that PBP is the variety of Portuguese that is exported abroad by Brazilian capoeira practitioners, and that non-Brazilian ones are learning this non-standard variety of Brazilian Portuguese as essential to their identity as a community of practice. Consequently, PBP is being detached from language ideologies related to lower social classes originating in Brazil during colonial times, but is still attached to Brazilian national identity and the resistance of blacks to slavery. In demonstrating how the use of PBP extends beyond Brazilian non-elites to also include an international community, I argue that PBP is currently being linked to other forms of symbolic capital by virtue of its increasing use in globalizing contexts.O presente estudo examina o processo de globalização do português popular do Brasil (PPB) através da disseminação da capoeira fora do Brasil. Com base num trabalho de campo etnográfico na cidade de Nova Iorque e em oito anos de prática de capoeira, o meu objetivo é demonstrar que o PPB é a variedade de português que é exportada para o estrangeiro pelos capoeiristas brasileiros e que os capoeiristas não brasileiros aprendem esta variedade de português não padrão como sendo essencial à sua identidade como comunidade de prática. Assim, o PPB está a desapegar-se das ideologias linguísticas relacionadas com as classes sociais mais baixas criadas no Brasil durante a época colonial, mas ainda está ligado à identidade nacional brasileira e à resistência dos negros à escravidão. Ao demonstrar como o uso do PPB se estende além das não elites brasileiras, para passar a incluir também a comunidade internacional, argumento que o PPB está sendo, atualmente, vinculado a outras formas de capital simbólico em virtude do seu uso crescente em contextos globalizados

The Productive Status of Laurentian French Liaison: Variation across Words and Grammar

There are competing views in contemporary phonological theory about how to best represent processes that are pervasive, frequent, and phonologically motivated, yet still lexically sensitive. To what extent can – or should – a process that applies idiosyncratically to different morphemes, words, and even phrases, be represented in a way that allows it to generalize to novel forms? We examine this question by looking at prenominal liaison as it is used in contemporary Laurentian French, spoken in Canada. We present the results of an online production study that compares application of liaison in real vs. nonce nouns, and that considers the effect of nonce nouns’ phonological properties and morphosyntactic context on the process. We interpret our results as evidence that liaison behaviour is driven jointly by lexical representations and an abstract grammar, with properties of the real-word lexicon affecting liaison rates in nonce words. We further show that there is considerable variation in the population in the extent to which speakers produce liaison with real h-aspiré words, but that all speakers nonetheless share an understanding of what types of words are more vs. less likely to undergo liaison

The T111I mutation in the EL gene modulates the impact of dietary fat on the HDL profile in women

The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of the T111I missense mutation in exon 3 of the endothelial lipase (EL) gene on HDL and its potential interaction effect with dietary fat. The study sample included 281 women and 216 men aged between 17 and 76 years from the Québec Family Study. Plasma HDL3-C levels of I111I homozygote women were higher compared with those of women carrying the wild-type allele (P 0.03). These differences were not attenuated when adjusted for levels of obesity and were not observed among men. Dietary PUFA interacted with the T111I mutation to modulate apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL3-C levels among women. Specifically, a diet rich in PUFA was associated with increased apoA-I levels among women carriers of the I111 allele and with decreased apoA-I among women homozygotes for the wild-type allele (P 0.002). A similar interaction was observed with plasma HDL3-C levels (P 0.003). These interactions were not observed among men. In conclusion, the EL T111I mutation appears to have a modest effect on plasma HDL levels. The gene-diet interaction among women, however, suggests that the T111I missense mutation may confer protection against the lowering effect of a high dietary PUFA intake on plasma apoA-I and HDL3-C levels.—Paradis, M-E., P. Couture, Y. Bossé, J-P. Després, L. Pérusse, C. Bouchard, M-C. Vohl, and B. Lamarche. The T111I mutation in the EL gene modulates the impact of dietary fat on the HDL profile in women

Chronic disease patients’ experience with telehealth interventions and self-care strategies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Purpose. During COVID-19 pandemic, Québec (Canada) Public Health Agency asked Family Medicine Group (FMG) to change their practice such as recommending the use of telehealth interventions. However, it is unknown if telehealth meets patients' needs in terms of self-care, especially those suffered from physical and mental chronic condition (PCDs). This study aimed to explore, from a PCD's perspective, the response of FMG about their self-care needs during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. We conducted an exploratory qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews to reach 40 PCDs from three regions of Québec. We explored FMGs' responses, PCDs needs, coping strategies regarding the COVID-19 and the changes in primary care services. We used the transactional theory of stress and coping to inform the data collection and analysis and the COREQ appraisal grid to report this study. Results. PCDs appreciated telehealth and perceived that the accessibility was increased. Moreover, family physicians from FMG conducted the majority of the follow-ups although interdisciplinary teams were available. The coping strategies raised by the PCDs were primarily aimed at maintaining their health status, while some of them aimed to reduce stress levels. Conclusions. PCDs seem to appreciate telehealth but believe it requires improvements, and it is not adequate for all types of follow-ups. PCDs adopt coping strategies to face the pandemic that were not always optimal for their health. We call for a better understanding of PCDs' needs in times of a pandemic in order to offer them the appropriate services an interdisciplinary team can provide.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/167663/1/Article patients-covid copingVF_PP.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/167663/3/Article patients-covid coping VF_V2.pdfDescription of Article patients-covid copingVF_PP.pdf : Main ArticleSEL

Verbal and Visual Memory Impairments Among Young Offspring and Healthy Adult Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Selective Generational Patterns Indicate Different Developmental Trajectories

Objective: Memory deficits have been shown in patients affected by schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar (BP)/mood disorder. We recently reported that young high-risk offspring of an affected parent were impaired in both verbal episodic memory (VEM) and visual episodic memory (VisEM). Understanding better the trajectory of memory impairments from childhood to adult clinical status in risk populations is crucial for early detection and prevention. In multigenerational families densely affected by SZ or BP, our aim was to compare the memory impairments observed in young nonaffected offspring with memory functioning in nonaffected adult relatives and patients. Methods: For 20 years, we followed up numerous kindreds in the Eastern Québec population. After having characterized the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders phenotypes, we assessed cognition (N = 381) in 3 subsamples in these kindreds and in controls: 60 young offspring of a parent affected by SZ or BP, and in the adult generations, 92 nonaffected adult relatives and 40 patients affected by SZ or BP. VEM was assessed with the California Verbal Learning Test and VisEM with the Rey figures. Results: The VEM deficits observed in the offspring were also found in adult relatives and patients. In contrast, the VisEM impairments observed in the young offspring were present only in patients, not in the adult relatives. Conclusion: Implications for prevention and genetic mechanisms can be drawn from the observation that VEM and VisEM would show distinct generational trajectories and that the trajectory associated with VisEM may offer a better potential than VEM to predict future risk of developing the disease

Les conséquences à long terme de la violence sexuelle, physique et psychologique vécue pendant l'enfance

L'étude vise à (1) déterminer l'apport spécifique de chaque forme de violence (sexuelle, physique et psychologique) vécue pendant l'enfance dans le développement de séquelles à l'âge adulte (détresse psychologique, stress post-traumatique et santé physique), et (2) déterminer le rôle de la cooccurrence. Une enquête téléphonique spécifique a été réalisée auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de 804 adultes québécois. Les résultats démontrent qu'une détresse psychologique élevée des hommes est associée à la violence sexuelle et physique vécue dans l'enfance. La détresse psychologique des femmes est associée au fait d'avoir vécu de la violence conjugale et de la violence physique et psychologique dans l'enfance. Seuls la violence conjugale et le fait d'avoir vécu dans l'enfance de la violence sexuelle et psychologique sont associés à un score de stress post-traumatique élevé des répondant(s). Enfin, la violence sexuelle et physique dans l'enfance augmentent les problèmes de santé physique chez les hommes. Chez les femmes, aucune violence n'est significativement associée