Retentissement du travail posté sur l’état de santé et le bien-être des professionnels de la santé au Centre hospitalier provincial de Tétouan en 2021

Le travail posté est devenu fréquent dans la société contemporaine. Cet horaire va à l'encontre du rythme de vie habituel. Ce qui engendre des altérations de la santé des professionnels, en raison de la désynchronisation des rythmes circadiens. L’objectif est d’explorer le retentissement du travail posté chez les professionnels de santé au niveau du centre hospitalier provincial de Tétouan et de proposer des recommandations réduisant ses éventuels risques physiologiques et psychosociaux. Étude descriptive  réalisée à l’aide d’un questionnaire composé des items sociodémographiques et professionnels permettant de caractériser le profil des participants, le rythme de travail, le retentissement sur l’état de santé du professionnels, pathologies, contraintes, difficultés et recommandations, administré en ligne via Gmail et whatsapp, lors du premier semestre de  l'année 2021 au niveau du centre hospitalier provincial de Tétouan. 43 professionnels de santé ont été inclus dans cette étude. Les résultats montrent que 73 % des professionnels de la santé ont du mal à assurer cet horaire en raison de diverses pressions physiologiques et psychosociales, une proportion de 76 % a des difficultés dans l’exercice du travail posté à cause du système de garde astreinte des médecins spécialistes et 45 % ne disposent pas de moyens de communication efficaces. Les professionnels de la santé n’ont reçu aucune formation sur la gestion du travail posté et 65 % d’entre eux ne reçoivent aucune motivation des chefs hiérarchiques. Une proportion de 74 % renonce à ses activités de loisir et 85 % souffre d’une dégradation de l’état de santé. Les problèmes de santé les plus fréquents sont les troubles psychologiques (59 %), les troubles de sommeil (62 %), les troubles digestifs (23%), les céphalées et le stress (45 %). Les recommandations des professionnels de la santé se résument dans la nécessité d'inclure un programme de bien-être et de motivation pour toutes les équipes qui assurent le travail posté. Cette étude confirme que le travail posté a un retentissement néfaste sur l’état physique et psychosocial des professionnels de la santé.

Towards a new relationship between: Innovative ideas and designs adopted by teachers for improving the study environment of life and earth sciences in Morocco

Science teaching requires not only the acquisition of scientific knowledge, but also the appropriation of scientific ways of thinking and the development of a scientific and technological culture. According to the constructivist model, the teacher must consider the classroom as a research laboratory, enabling learners to apply scientific approaches to the construction of knowledge. Adopting this model requires consideration of coherent methodological and epistemological options, as well as an understanding of key aspects of the nature of science, as the latter is an essential component in developing students’ scientific culture. This research aims to explore and analyze the idea of science among Moroccan teachers of life and earth sciences. We explored these ideas through semistructured interviews, followed by a qualitative content analysis. We found a certain heterogeneity of conceptions among the teachers. They share contrasting conceptions of science, sometimes adequate, sometimes erroneous. This study therefore highlights a profound lack of culture in terms of reflection on the nature of science and the ways in which scientific knowledge is developed. Hence, it is important to add epistemology in initial and in-service teacher training. Thus, training in the history of science appears desirable in order to emphasize the evolutionary and revolving character of science, and to ensure a positive impact on teachers, students, society and the environment

The Initial Conceptions of Students in the Teaching Practice of Life and Earth Sciences Teachers in Morocco

This study aims to describe the learning environment that can influence the construction of scientific concepts among Moroccan students. It focuses on the role of students’ initial conceptions in the teaching practice of Life and Earth Science (LES) teachers in Morocco. To conduct this study, we performed a quantitative analysis of collected data using a multiple-choice questionnaire, which aimed to understand the characteristics of the target group and the techniques employed to gather students’ initial conceptions of the ecosystem, as well as their declared and actual teaching practices. To compare our results, we considered two contexts: rural and urban, where the teachers operate. The analysis of the obtained results revealed that a majority of the surveyed teachers start by identifying students’ initial conceptions before approaching the teaching process. Additionally, the study found that debate and diagnostic testing are the most commonly utilized techniques for identifying and addressing students’ initial conceptions of the ecosystem. Furthermore, this analysis revealed that teachers do not take students’ conceptions into account when preparing the ecosystem learning sequence

Colorimetric characterization and classification of the virgin olive oil from the spanish-moroccan mediterranean area

Se han realizado medidas por reflexión del color de 200 muestras de aceite de oliva virgen de las zonas de producción sur de España y zona norte de Marruecos. También se han realizado medidas del grado de acidez de los mismos y se emplea el análisis cluster para el estudio de su clasificación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, en general, los aceites marroquíes presentan con respecto a los españoles, tonalidades más verdosas (hº medio de 87,3º frente a 85,1º) y son menos saturados (C* medio de 91,7 frente a 105,3). Por otra parte, el grado de acidez difiere notablemente para ambas zonas geográficas, con valores medios de 0,31 para los aceites españoles y 2,87 para los marroquíes. A partir de estas medidas experimentales el análisis cluster muestra que, es posible clasificar los aceites de oliva según su zona geográfica de producción (hispano-marroquí), en función del grado de acidez ó del ángulo de tono.Colour measurements by reflection of 200 virgin olive oil samples from the southern zone of Spain and the northern one of Morocco were made. Acidity measurements of these oils were made as well, and a cluster analysis was employed for their classification. Results show that, generally, Moroccan oils present a hue more greenish (hº average of 87.3º) than the Spanish ones (85.1º), and those are less saturated (C* average of 91.7 and 105.3, respectively). On the other hand, acidity is remarkably different for these two geographic zones, having average values of 0.31 for Spanish oils and 2.87 for Moroccan ones. From these experimental measurements, the cluster analysis shows that it is possible to classify these oils according to their geographic production zones (Spanish-Moroccan area) depending on the acidity or the hue angle.Esta trabajo ha sido realizado gracias al Proyecto 17PRO/00 financiado por la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECI)

Benign chondroid syringoma of the orbit: a rare cause of exophtalmos

Chondroid syringoma (CS) of the orbit is an extremely rare benign neoplasm. To the best of our knowledege, this is the second case reported in the english litérature

Time-Dependent Subcellular Distribution and Effects of Carbon Nanotubes in Lungs of Mice

BACKGROUND AND METHODS:Pulmonary deposited carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cleared very slowly from the lung, but there is limited information on how CNTs interact with the lung tissue over time. To address this, three different multiwalled CNTs were intratracheally instilled into female C57BL/6 mice: one short (850 nm) and tangled, and two longer (4 μm and 5.7 μm) and thicker. We assessed the cellular interaction with these CNTs using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 1, 3 and 28 days after instillation. RESULTS:TEM analysis revealed that the three CNTs followed the same overall progression pattern over time. Initially, CNTs were taken up either by a diffusion mechanism or via endocytosis. Then CNTs were agglomerated in vesicles in macrophages. Lastly, at 28 days post-exposure, evidence suggesting CNT escape from vesicle enclosures were found. The longer and thicker CNTs more often perturbed and escaped vesicular enclosures in macrophages compared to the smaller CNTs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed that the CNT exposure induced both an eosinophil influx and also eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia. CONCLUSION:Two very different types of multiwalled CNTs had very similar pattern of cellular interactions in lung tissue, with the longer and thicker CNTs resulting in more severe effects in terms of eosinophil influx and incidence of eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia (ECP)

Carbon Nanotubes in Tissue Engineering

For their peculiar features carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are emerging in many areas of nanotechnology applications. CNT-based technology has been increasingly proposed for biomedical applications, to develop biomolecule nanocarriers, bionanosensors and smart material for tissue engineering purposes. In the following chapter this latter application will be explored, describing why CNTs can be considered an ideal material able to support and boost the growth and the proliferation of many kind of tissues