180 research outputs found
Mid-infrared sources in the ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey
We present a crossâcorrelation of the European Large Area Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) survey (ELAIS) with the ELAIS Deep Xâray Survey of the N1 and N2 fields. There are seven Chandra point sources with matches in the ELAIS Final Analysis 15âÎŒm catalogue, out of a total of 28 extragalactic ISO sources present in the Chandra fields. Five of these are consistent with active galactic nuclei (AGN) giving an AGN fraction of âŒ19 per cent in the 15âÎŒm flux range 0.8â6âmJy. We have coâadded the hard Xâray fluxes of the individually undetected ISO sources and find a low significance detection consistent with star formation in the remaining population. We combine our point source crossâcorrelation fraction with the XMMâNewton observations of the Lockman Hole and Chandra observations of the Hubble Deep Field North to constrain source count models of the midâinfrared galaxy population. The low dustâenshrouded AGN fraction in ELAIS implied by the number of crossâidentifications between the ELAIS midâinfrared sample and the Chandra point sources is encouraging for the use of midâinfrared surveys to constrain the cosmic star formation history, provided there are not further large undetected populations of Comptonâthick AGN
A Digital Archive of HI 21 cm Line Spectra of Optically-targeted Galaxies
We present a homogeneous compilation of HI spectral parameters extracted from
global 21 cm line spectra for some 9000 galaxies in the local universe
(heliocentric velocity -200 < V_Sun < 28,000 km/s) obtained with a variety of
large single dish radio telescopes but reanalyzed using a single set of
parameter extraction algorithms. Corrections to the observed HI line flux for
source extent and pointing offsets and to the HI line widths for instrumental
broadening and smoothing are applied according to model estimates to produce a
homogenous catalog of derived properties with quantitative error estimates.
Where the redshift is available from optical studies, we also provide flux
measurements for an additional 156 galaxies classified as marginal HI
detections and rms noise limits for 494 galaxies classified as nondetections.
Given the diverse nature of the observing programs contributing to it, the
characteristics of the combined dataset are heterogeneous, and as such, the
compilation is neither integrated HI line flux nor peak flux limited. However,
because of the large statistical base and homogenous reprocessing, the spectra
and spectral parameters of galaxies in this optically targeted sample can be
used to complement data obtained at other wavelengths to characterize the
properties of galaxies in the local universe and to explore the large scale
structures in which they reside.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 3 external online tables, accepted for
publication in ApJ
Kinematics of the Local Universe XIII. 21-cm line measurements of 452 galaxies with the Nan\c{c}ay radiotelescope, JHK Tully-Fisher relation and preliminary maps of the peculiar velocity field
This paper presents 452 new 21-cm neutral hydrogen line measurements carried
out with the FORT receiver of the meridian transit Nan\c{c}ay radiotelescope
(NRT) in the period April 2003 -- March 2005. This observational programme is
part of a larger project aiming at collecting an exhaustive and
magnitude-complete HI extragalactic catalogue for Tully-Fisher applications
(the so-called KLUN project, for Kinematics of the Local Universe studies, end
in 2008). The whole on-line HI archive of the NRT contains today reduced
HI-profiles for ~4500 spiral galaxies of declination delta > -40°
(http://klun.obs-nancay.fr). As an example of application, we use direct
Tully-Fisher relation in three (JHK) bands in deriving distances to a large
catalog of 3126 spiral galaxies distributed through the whole sky and sampling
well the radial velocity range between 0 and 8000 km/s. Thanks to an iterative
method accounting for selection bias and smoothing effects, we show as a
preliminary output a detailed and original map of the velocity field in the
Local Universe
A warped disk model for M33 and the 21-cm line width in spiral galaxies
To determine the actual HI distribution and the velocity field in the
outermost disk of the spiral galaxy M33, a tilted-ring model is fitted to 21-cm
line data taken with the Arecibo Telescope. Since M33 is one of the main
calibrators for the extragalactic distance scale derived through the
Tully-Fisher relation, the outer disk warping is of interest for a correct
determination and deprojection of the galaxy's line width. Even though our best
model predicts small effects on the observed line width of M33, we show that
similar outer disk warping in galaxies oriented differently along our line of
sight could affect the widths considerably. Therefore there may be systematic
effects in the determination of the rotation velocities and dynamic masses of
spiral galaxies, whose exact value depends also on which method is used for
measuring the galaxy's total line width.Comment: 27 pages, ps files only, ApJ in pres
Human skeletal muscle fibre contractile properties and proteomic profile: Adaptations to 3 weeks of unilateral lower limb suspension and active recovery
Following disuse, muscle fibre function goes through adaptations such as a loss of specific force (PO/CSA) and an increase in unloaded shortening velocity, which could be a result of both quantitative changes (i.e. atrophy) and qualitative changes in protein pattern. The underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. In addition, little is known about the recovery of muscle mass and strength following disuse. In the present study, we report an extensive dataset describing, in detail,the functional and protein content adaptations of skeletal muscle in response to both disuse and re-training. Eight young healthy subjects were subjected to 3 weeks of unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS), a widely used human model of disuse skeletal muscle atrophy. Needle biopsies samples were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle Pre-ULLS, Post-ULLS and after 3 weeks of recovery during which heavy resistance training was performed. After disuse, cross-sectional area (CSA), PO/CSA and myosin concentration (MC) decreased in both type 1 and 2A skinned muscle fibres. After recovery, CSA and MC returned to levels comparable to those observed before disuse, whereas Po/CSA and unloaded shortening velocity reached a higher level. Myosin heavy chain isoform composition of muscle samples did not differ among the experimental groups. To study the mechanisms underlying such adaptations, a two-dimensional proteomic analysis was performed. ULLS induced a reduction of myofibrillar, metabolic (glycolytic and oxidative) and anti-oxidant defence system protein content. Resistance training was very effective in counteracting ULLS-induced alterations, indicating that long-term ULLS did not prevent the positive effect of exercise on human muscle. © 2015 The Physiological Society
The Velocity Function of Galaxies
We present a galaxy circular velocity function, Psi(log v), derived from
existing luminosity functions and luminosity-velocity relations. Such a
velocity function is desirable for several reasons. First, it enables an
objective comparison of luminosity functions obtained in different bands and
for different galaxy morphologies, with a statistical correction for dust
extinction. In addition, the velocity function simplifies comparison of
observations with predictions from high-resolution cosmological N-body
simulations.
We derive velocity functions from five different data sets and find rough
agreement among them, but about a factor of 2 variation in amplitude. These
velocity functions are then compared with N-body simulations of a LCDM model
(corrected for baryonic infall) in order to demonstrate both the utility and
current limitations of this approach. The number density of dark matter halos
and the slope of the velocity function near v_*, the circular velocity
corresponding to an ~L_* spiral galaxy, are found to be comparable to that of
observed galaxies. The primary sources of uncertainty in construction of
Psi(log v) from observations and N-body simulations are discussed and
explanations are suggected to account for these discrepancies.Comment: Latex. 28 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by Ap
Registro del primer caso de albinismo completo en Desmodus rotundus en Argentina
El albinismo puede ser heredado por reproducciĂłn directa de individuos albinos o bien indirectamente debido al cruzamiento de individuos recesivos con coloraciĂłn normal. El albinismo verdadero consiste en la ausencia total de pigmentaciĂłn, pero existen otras formas de despigmentaciĂłn, consideradas como albinismo parcial. Los casos de albinismo completo son muy raros, particularmente en animales silvestres y muy especialmente en murciĂ©lagos, sin embargo se hallaron casos en veintidĂłs paĂses a nivel mundial. En SudamĂ©rica existen trece casos registrados, uno de ellos en Argentina, en un murciĂ©lago de la Provincia de Salta. En este reporte se comunica un nuevo hallazgo acaecido en el Departamento Bella Vista, Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina), que constituye el primer caso de albinismo completo registrado en este paĂs en la especie Desmodus rotundus. Estos descubrimientos son de relevancia debido a que es necesario el registro de casos de albinismo en diferentes especies, no solo por fines identificatorios sino tambiĂ©n por estudios genĂ©ticos, etolĂłgicos y ecolĂłgicos, asĂ como sus implicancias en la distribuciĂłn de enfermedades.
The Updated Zwicky Catalog (UZC)
The Zwicky Catalog of galaxies (ZC), with m_Zw<=15.5mag, has been the basis
for the Center for Astrophysics (CfA) redshift surveys. To date, analyses of
the ZC and redshift surveys based on it have relied on heterogeneous sets of
galaxy coordinates and redshifts. Here we correct some of the inadequacies of
previous catalogs by providing: (1) coordinates with <~2 arcsec errors for all
of the Nuzc catalog galaxies, (2) homogeneously estimated redshifts for the
majority (98%) of the data taken at the CfA (14,632 spectra), and (3) an
estimate of the remaining "blunder" rate for both the CfA redshifts and for
those compiled from the literature. For the reanalyzed CfA data we include a
calibrated, uniformly determined error and an indication of the presence of
emission lines in each spectrum. We provide redshifts for 7,257 galaxies in the
CfA2 redshift survey not previously published; for another 5,625 CfA redshifts
we list the remeasured or uniformly re-reduced value. Among our new
measurements, Nmul are members of UZC "multiplets" associated with the original
Zwicky catalog position in the coordinate range where the catalog is 98%
complete. These multiplets provide new candidates for examination of tidal
interactions among galaxies. All of the new redshifts correspond to UZC
galaxies with properties recorded in the CfA redshift compilation known as
ZCAT. About 1,000 of our new measurements were motivated either by inadequate
signal-to-noise in the original spectrum or by an ambiguous identification of
the galaxy associated with a ZCAT redshift. The redshift catalog we include
here is ~96% complete to m_Zw<=15.5, and ~98% complete (12,925 galaxies out of
a total of 13,150) for the RA(1950) ranges [20h--4h] and [8h--17h] and
DEC(1950) range [-2.5d--50d]. (abridged)Comment: 34 pp, 7 figs, PASP 1999, 111, 43
Radio Continuum Emission in Polar-Ring Galaxies
We have used the Very Large Array aperture synthesis telescope to conduct a
radio continuum survey of polar-ring galaxies, at 20cm and 6cm. Forty objects
were observed at 20cm with 5" resolution. Twenty (50%) of the program sources
were detected at 20cm, down to our 5-sigma limit of 0.5 mJy/beam. This
detection rate is similar to those in surveys with comparable sensitivity for
early-type galaxies without polar rings. Sixteen of the objects we detected at
20cm were also observed at 6cm. We show radio continuum maps for the five
objects in our sample that have noticeably extended emission. Our spatial
resolution was sufficient to distinguish between emission originating in the
host galaxy from that in the polar ring. The radio morphology of the extended
sources, as well as the radio to far-infrared flux ratio and the radio spectral
indices of our detected sources, indicate that star formation, not nuclear
activity, is the dominant source of the radio continuum emission in polar-ring
galaxies. However, the implied star-formation rates are modest, and only one of
our sample galaxies will consume its supply of cool gas within 500 Myr.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures. Produced with AASTeX 5.2 To appear in November
2004 Astronomical Journa
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