27 research outputs found

    Development of a PCR assay for the detection of animal tissues in ruminant feeds.

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    The European Community ban on use of meat and bone meal in ruminant feed, as a consequence of the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Europe, has prompted a number of investigations about the possibility of detecting animal tissues in feedstuff. In this paper, a study on vertebrate primers, designed in the 16S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA, is described. These primers were able to amplify fragments that contained between 234 and 265 bp. The fragments were specific for bovine, porcine, goat, sheep, horse, rabbit, chicken, trout, and European pilchard and were confirmed by sequence analysis amplicons. The primers were used in a PCR assay applied to five samples of meat and blood meals of different species and subjected to severe rendering treatments (134.4 to 141.9 degrees C and 3.03 to 4.03 bar for 24 min). The presence of vertebrate tissues was detected in all samples. The assay proved to be rapid and sensitive (detection limit 0.0625%). It can be used as a routine method to detect animal-derived ingredients in animal feedstuff

    Estudio de factibilidad para la implementation de un generador de eje vertical utilizando la velocidad de aire generada por el tránsito vehicular en rutas y autopistas

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    La actividad humana conlleva grandes consumos energéticos como, por ejemplo, usos residenciales, transporte, agricultura y demás actividades económicas. Asimismo, el acceso a la energía es un pilar básico para reducir la pobreza, mejorar las condiciones sanitarias y la calidad de vida. Previo a la pandemia global CO VID-19, la Asociación Internacional de Energía estipulaba un crecimiento de la demanda mundial de energía en un 30% para el año 2040, debido al desarrollo de la economía mundial y al aumento de la población. Las elevadas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, producto del consumo intensivo de combustibles fósiles para cubrir la creciente demanda de energía, presentan desde hace tiempo efectos adversos sobre el medioambiente y son el motor principal del cambio climático. En este marco, desde hace ya décadas, se está desarrollando un proceso de transición energética con el fin de mitigar la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y cumplir con diversos acuerdos internacionales. Una alternativa para generar cambios en la producción y distribución de energía puede estar dada a través de la utilización de los generadores cólicos pequeños. La Asociación Mundial de Energía Eólica emitió un reporte en el año 2017 sobre el estado de situación de la generación de energía llevada a cabo por pequeños equipos, siendo estos los generadores cuyo límite máximo de producción es de 100 kW. En líneas generales, la tendencia a nivel global es de incrementar la generación de energía utilizando los equipos de baja potencia mencionados. Siguiendo estos lineamientos, surge la idea de utilizar como fuente de energía a las autopistas, instalando generadores de baja potencia, con el fin de recapturar parcialmente la energía no aprovechada por los vehículos que circulan a gran velocidad en las autopistas urbanas. Dos indicadores que dan muestras del potencial disponible para esta aplicación en el contexto local, es el incremento de más del 60% del parque automotor nacional y de la circulación en las autopistas del Area Metropolitana de Buenos Aires en los últimos años. Es por esto que el objetivo general del presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de la factibilidad en la implementación de un generador de eje vertical en rutas o autopistas, con el fin de contribuir a la reducción de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y proponer opciones de generación de energía renovable. Para determinar la velocidad de aire desplazado por los vehículos al transitar una ruta, se realiza un relevamiento in situ. El procedimiento de trabajo fue el siguiente: se diseñaron los ensayos y un adquisidor de datos, se realizaron los ensayos, se procesó la información obtenida, se analizaron los resultados, y finalmente se obtuvieron conclusiones sobre el estudio.Facultad de IngenieríaGrupo de Transporte Aéreo - Grupo de Ingeniería Aplicada a la Industri

    Laryngotracheal Abnormalities in Esophageal Atresia Patients: A Hidden Entity

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    Importance: Presence of laryngotracheal abnormalities is associated with increased morbidity and higher mortality rate in esophageal atresia patients.Objective: Determine the prevalence of laryngotracheal abnormalities (LTA) in a prospectively collected cohort of patients treated for esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF). Analysis of the impact of those airway anomalies in early post-operative outcomes was performed.Patients and Methods: This was a review of a prospectively collected database, including patients from January 2008 to December 2017. Patients enrolled in the present study were treated in a high-volume referral center. Present study included all newborn-infants consecutively treated for EA/TEF. All patients were evaluated by flexible laryngotracheoscopy performed under local anesthesia in spontaneous breathing. In case of airway malformation suspected during flexible endoscopy, a rigid endoscopy was performed to complete airway assessment. If post-operative respiratory symptoms (noisy breathing, respiratory difficulty, failure to extubate, or difficulty feeding) were noted, a second laryngotracheoscopy was performed. Primary study outcome was to evaluate the prevalence of LTA in EA/TEF infants, characterizing of LTA, and their impact on early post-operative outcomes. Those primary study outcomes were planned before data collection began.Results: During the study period 207 patients with EA/TEF were treated. LTA had a period prevalence of 40.1% (83/207). Although no differences were recorded in terms of demographics and clinical presentation, LTA+ infants more frequently required tracheostomy (12/52, 23% vs. 0/124, 0%; p 0.0001) and were at increased risk of death (12/83, 14% vs. 5/124, 4%; p 0.009) in comparison with EA/TEF without LTA.Conclusions: Present data suggest a high prevalence of congenital LTA in patients affected by EA. Most of the abnormalities are congenital and a high proportion of patients with LTA require a tracheostomy. Mortality significantly correlates with the presence of LTA. Systematic airway endoscopic preoperative evaluation has to be pushed forward to minimize LTA-related morbidity and mortality

    Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Alfalfa Using a Public Germplasm

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    Because its ability to acquire large amounts of nitrogen by symbiosis, tetraploid alfalfa is the main source of vegetable proteins in meat and milk production systems in temperate regions. Alfalfa cultivation also adds fixed nitrogen to the soil, improving the production of non-legumes in crop rotation and reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizers derived from fossil fuel. Despite its economic and ecological relevance, alfalfa genetics remains poorly understood, limiting the development of public elite germplasm. In this brief article, we reported the high-efficiency of alfalfa mutagenesis by using the public clone C23 and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Around half of the GUS overexpressing plants (35S-GUS under C23 genomic background) transformed with an editing plasmid containing two sgRNAs against the GUS gene and the Cas9 nuclease exhibited absence of GUS activity. Nucleotide analysis showed that the inactivation of GUS in CRISPR/Cas9-editing events were produced via different modifications in the GUS gene, including frameshift and non-sense mutations. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and two sgRNAs, we have also edited the alfalfa gene NOD26, generating plants with different doses of alleles at this locus, including complete gene knockout at high efficiency (11%). Finally, we discuss the potential applications of genome-editing technologies to polyploid research and to alfalfa improvement public programs.Fil: Bottero, Ana Emilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; ArgentinaFil: Massa, Gabriela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Matías Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible.; ArgentinaFil: Stritzler, Margarita. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; ArgentinaFil: Tajima, Hiromi. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Gómez, Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; ArgentinaFil: Frare, Romina Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; ArgentinaFil: Feingold, Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible.; ArgentinaFil: Blumwald, Eduardo. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Ayub, Nicolás Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; ArgentinaFil: Soto, Gabriela Cynthia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Grupo Vinculado Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" al Iabimo; Argentin

    Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) with (anti)estrogenic and (anti)androgenic modes of action affecting reproductive biology of Xenopus laevis: Effects on sexual steroids levels and biomarker expression in the liver

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    Adult Xenopus laevis were exposed in vivo to ethinylestradiol, tamoxifen, methyldihydrotestosterone and flutamide as (anti)estrogenic and (anti)androgenic compounds, respectively, for four weeks at a concentration of 10(-8) M and to Lambro river water, a polluted river from Italy. Effects of the treatments were analysed by mRNA expression of retinol-binding protein (RBP), transferrin (TF), transthyretin (TTR) and vitellogenin (VTG) in the liver of male and female X. laevis, to analyse the potential of these genes to detect endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) with different modes of action. In addition, plasma VTG and sex steroid levels, estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and testosterone (T), were analysed. Sex steroids were depressed by ethinylestradiol in both sexes whereas tamoxifen increased E(2) in females. The induction of VTG protein plasma levels was more pronounced at the protein level compared to hepatic VTG mRNA expression in response to estrogenic treatment but VTG mRNA expression detected both, estrogenic and antiestrogenic EDC. The mRNA expression of TF was decreased by estrogenic and increased by antiestrogenic treatment while TTR mRNA expression was down-regulated and RBP mRNA up-regulated by estrogenic exposure. The other treatments did not affect the mRNA expression of the examined genes

    Analysis of metabolic networks controlled by microRNAs in zebrafish

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    MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The potential target of a miRNA can be computationally individuated, through a comparison of sequences. Here are presented the preliminary data obtained from a bioinformatic retrieval of the miRNAs involved in the regulation of the arginine metabolism in zebrafish, through the web resource MicroCosm Target (EBI). The potential "key miRNAs" individuated (miR-194b, miR-738 and miR-132*) in this pathway should be considered for an experimental validation

    17α-20ß-dihydroxy-4-pregen-3-one levels during the spawning period in wild amberjack (Seriola dumerilii).

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    Seriola dumerilii, (Carangidae, Perciformes) is a gonochoric teleost occurring in the Mediterranean Sea. Despite the growing interest for this species, little is known on sex steroid pattern during the reproductive season. Aim of this study was to verify if 17-20ß-dihydroxy-progesterone (DHP) could be involved as maturation inducing substance (MIS) in S. dumerilii as in other species. 244 females of wild S. dumerilii were collected in South Mediterranean Sea (Pelagie Islands), during three spawning seasons and histologically staged. Blood samples were withdrawn by puncturing the gill artery and plasma aliquots were frozen at -20°C for steroid RIAs. DHP plasma values were measured in wild females at the end of vitellogenesis and during final maturation (FOM). DPH values were related both to 17ß-estradiol and testosterone values and to morphological features of oocytes. All specimens with ovaries characterised by a population of oocytes undergoing FOM, showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in DHP value. Furthermore, we analysed DHP plasma values in relation to three different stages occurring during FOM. Early FOM, including GV migration and lipid droplets coalescence, showed the first increase in DHP values (xxpg/ml±xx). Middle FOM corresponding to GVBD was characterised by the higher values of DHP (xxxpg/ml±xx). In late FOM (hydration), DHP started to decrease (xxxpg/ml±xxx). These results suggest that DHP could be considered as the MIS in S. dumerili
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