3,919 research outputs found
M. Boss to Mr. Meredith (2 October 1962)
https://egrove.olemiss.edu/mercorr_pro/1486/thumbnail.jp
Michigan v. Mosley: A Further Erosion of Miranda?
On January 31, 1976, Ernesto Miranda was stabbed to death in a Phoenix bar. As the life drained from Miranda, the lifeblood was also being drawn from the doctrine that bears his name. Only ten years after its rendition in 1966, the foundations of Miranda v. Arizona are being undermined by the Burger Court. The latest of these attacks is Michigan v. Mosley. Mosley addresses the question of when a government official may re-interrogate a suspect who has exercised his constitutional right to remain silent. This Recent Development will first highlight the Miranda line of authority that culminates in Michigan v. Mosley. Then the Article will present a more detailed analysis of the Mosley opinion, emphasizing the various procedural safeguards developed to protect an accused in a re-interrogation situation. This analysis will provide a foundation for a critical evaluation of the Mosley decision-its general effect on re-questioning and its inconsistency with the dictates of Miranda. Finally, this Article will examine the future of the Miranda decision
Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution
Quantum sensing takes advantage of well controlled quantum systems for
performing measurements with high sensitivity and precision. We have
implemented a concept for quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution,
independent of the qubit probe and limited only by the stability of an external
synchronization clock. Our concept makes use of quantum lock-in detection to
continuously probe a signal of interest. Using the electronic spin of a single
nitrogen vacancy center in diamond, we demonstrate detection of oscillating
magnetic fields with a frequency resolution of 70 uHz over a MHz bandwidth. The
continuous sampling further guarantees an excellent sensitivity, reaching a
signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 10,000:1 for a 170 nT test signal measured
during a one-hour interval. Our technique has applications in magnetic
resonance spectroscopy, quantum simulation, and sensitive signal detection.Comment: Manuscript resubmitted to Science. Includes Supplementary Material
Migration of giant planets in planetesimal discs
Planets orbiting a planetesimal circumstellar disc can migrate inward from
their initial positions because of dynamical friction between planets and
planetesimals. The migration rate depends on the disc mass and on its time
evolution. Planets that are embedded in long-lived planetesimal discs, having
total mass of , can migrate inward a large distance and
can survive only if the inner disc is truncated or because of tidal interaction
with the star. In this case the semi-major axis, a, of the planetary orbit is
less than 0.1 AU. Orbits with larger are obtained for smaller value of the
disc mass or for a rapid evolution (depletion) of the disc. This model may
explain several of the orbital features of the giant planets that were
discovered in last years orbiting nearby stars as well as the metallicity
enhancement found in several stars associated with short-period planets.Comment: 21 pages; 6 encapsulated figures. Accepted by MNRA
The Supernova Triggered Formation and Enrichment of Our Solar System
We investigate the enrichment of the pre-solar cloud core with short lived
radionuclides (SLRs), especially 26Al. The homogeneity and the surprisingly
small spread in the ratio 26Al/27Al observed in the overwhelming majority of
calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions (CAIs) in a vast variety of primitive
chondritic meteorites places strong constraints on the formation of the the
solar system. Freshly synthesized radioactive 26Al has to be included and well
mixed within 20kyr. After discussing various scenarios including X-winds, AGB
stars and Wolf-Rayet stars, we come to the conclusion that triggering the
collapse of a cold cloud core by a nearby supernova is the most promising
scenario. We then narrow down the vast parameter space by considering the
pre-explosion survivability of such a clump as well as the cross-section
necessary for sufficient enrichment. We employ numerical simulations to address
the mixing of the radioactively enriched SN gas with the pre-existing gas and
the forced collapse within 20kyr. We show that a cold clump of 10Msun at a
distance of 5pc can be sufficiently enriched in 26Al and triggered into
collapse fast enough - within 18kyr after encountering the supernova shock -
for a range of different metallicities and progenitor masses, even if the
enriched material is assumed to be distributed homogeneously in the entire
supernova bubble. In summary, we envision an environment for the birth place of
the Solar System 4.567Gyr ago similar to the situation of the pillars in M16
nowadays, where molecular cloud cores adjacent to an HII region will be hit by
a supernova explosion in the future. We show that the triggered collapse and
formation of the Solar System as well as the required enrichment with
radioactive 26Al are possible in this scenario.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. Resolution of
most figures degraded to fit within arXiv size limits. A full resolution
version is available at
http://www.usm.uni-muenchen.de/~gritschm/Gritschneder_2011_sun.pd
Spurious harmonic response of multipulse quantum sensing sequences
Multipulse sequences based on Carr-Purcell decoupling are frequently used for
narrow-band signal detection in single spin magnetometry. We have analyzed the
behavior of multipulse sensing sequences under real-world conditions, including
finite pulse durations and the presence of detunings. We find that these
non-idealities introduce harmonics to the filter function, allowing additional
frequencies to pass the filter. In particular, we find that the XY family of
sequences can generate signals at the 2fac, 4fac and 8fac harmonics and their
odd subharmonics, where fac is the ac signal frequency. Consideration of the
harmonic response is especially important for diamond-based nuclear spin
sensing where the NMR frequency is used to identify the nuclear spin species,
as it leads to ambiguities when several isotopes are present.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Quantitation in men of suppressive effects of fluocortolone and prednisolone by evaluation of diurnal rhythms of serum cortisol
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