261 research outputs found
Code trolley: hardware-assisted control flow obfuscation
Many cybersecurity attacks rely on analyzing a binary executable to find exploitable sections of code. Code obfuscation is used to prevent attackers from reverse engineering these executables. In this work, we focus on control flow obfuscation - a technique that prevents attackers from statically determining which code segments are original, and which segments are added in to confuse attackers. We propose a RISC-V-based hardware-assisted deobfuscation technique that deobfuscates code at runtime based on a secret safely stored in hardware, along with an LLVM compiler extension for obfuscating binaries. Unlike conventional tools, our work does not rely on compiling hard-to-reverse-engineer code, but on securing a secret key. As such, it can be seen as a lightweight alternative to on-the-fly binary decryption.Published versio
CodeTrolley: Hardware-Assisted Control Flow Obfuscation
Many cybersecurity attacks rely on analyzing a binary executable to find
exploitable sections of code. Code obfuscation is used to prevent attackers
from reverse engineering these executables. In this work, we focus on control
flow obfuscation - a technique that prevents attackers from statically
determining which code segments are original, and which segments are added in
to confuse attackers. We propose a RISC-V-based hardware-assisted deobfuscation
technique that deobfuscates code at runtime based on a secret safely stored in
hardware, along with an LLVM compiler extension for obfuscating binaries.
Unlike conventional tools, our work does not rely on compiling
hard-to-reverse-engineer code, but on securing a secret key. As such, it can be
seen as a lightweight alternative to on-the-fly binary decryption.Comment: 2019 Boston Area Architecture Workshop (BARC'19
How to accelerate export-led growth in contemporary world?
Globalization brings the threat of a weakened SME sector, since its role in (direct)
exporting is less than proportional to its size; this reflects the economies of scale
characterizing big markets. But globalization can also increase the importance of a strong
SME sector, either where direct SME exports are feasible or where SME subcontractors help
keep the country's large exporters competitive. Many markets are too small to have enough
large firms to curtail the use of monopoly/monophony and oligopoly/oligopoly power, so
price-competition and quality-based competition tends to come from SMEs.
Prices of domestic products on international markets are often underestimated because
of the poor reputation or ranking the products with a low degree of processing. Namely, it is
necessary small and medium enterprises to make efforts in this domain to contribute in a way
that they will make the promotion of domestic products, have organized a joint presentation
on external markets, will exhibit initiatives for creation of distribution centers. In this regard,
the entry of FDI in manufacturing is expected to contribute to the production of high quality
products, and distinctive products, which would lead to higher absolute prices, higher
productivity and lower unit labor costs of products.
So the recommendations are on building relationships with financial institutions,
especially with banks, to facilitate funding to SMEs. In this context, it is useful to identify
where SMEs are dealing in foreign currency and seek opportunities to provide value-adding
advice in areas such as managing foreign exchange risks and forecasting currency needs.
In this context, the key factors for realization of these aims are innovation and
knowledge that would help for increasing competitiveness as the role of FDIs for productivity
and efficiency growth, with support of real exchange rate by stimulating the growth of export,
too. The domestic industry by using knowledge, innovation development and upgrading the
capacity of the small and medium enterprises can take the necessary changes for its output
and increase export performance. All of this can contribute to sustainability of the economic
growth and economic integration especially of small economies on which mainly this paper is
focused with special emphasis on the Macedonian economy
SMEs Empowerment Through International Aspirations
Challenges for SMEs development are multi-dimensional. As trade barriers, transport and
communication costs fall, SMEs are required to add more value to their products to stay ahead and compete
with lower cost rivals. Consumer demand is changing rapidly as incomes rise and choices increase when
imported products become easily available in domestic markets. Competition within the developing world for
export markets, foreign investment and resources is also intensifying.
This was motivation to focus in this paper on SMEs, its export competitiveness, business strategies, access for
financing and so on. Enhancing SME competitiveness requires creation of enabling legal, regulatory and
administrative environments and capable institutional structures, and most importantly human capital and a
sustainable environment. Removing supply-side constraint to trade and investment, require firms to build up
their competitive advantages. Public and private sectors in transition and developing countries must work
together to improve the functioning of markets at home, while intensifying efforts to integrate into the world
economy
Financial Crisis and Balkan Perspectives on the EU
In this paper we put emphasis on the financial crisis and prospects of the euro and the Western
Balkans. Here are highlight the problems with the size of the status quo related to the euro-zone financial
and political crisis, which will make a frame and describe the current crisis and its management in order
to assess its consequences. They will be reviewed and the consequences for the Balkans, which includes
problems with the Balkan EU perspective. It will also sketched what should be done in institutional terms
in order to prevent future crises.
Part of the paper is devoted to assessing proposals for a European Monetary Fund, which would
define a plan in the context of labor. It will eventually make a different perspective on issues that are still
open and critical and which are important for crisis management in the euro zone, and will refer to the
resolution of sovereign debt
Strategic thinking and management elements for strategu execution positively affect on business performance
Business leaders are under pressure from stakeholders to comply with their demands while
maintaining the organizationβs competitiveness in increasingly complex markets. So, leaders are
striving to continuously formulate strategies with management elements that will help them deliver
more value to their customers and stakeholders.
Strategic thinking is important to guide for examining all markets which are relevant to the core
business of interest. Also, its necessary for analyse the relevant forces creating new markets as
identifying business strategy requirements.
Therefor, are used management elements, management models as guides for managerial activity in
the business world for increasing a firmβs competitive advantage.
Business management tools positively affects business performance and a strategic management
orientation for formulating and implementing objectives, policies and performance.
Companies confirms that integrated management model will result in dramatic benefits. In this way,
strategy thinking enable company to determines its objectives, purposes, or goals, produces the
principal policies and plans for achieving those goals, as defines the range of business the company
is pursue and positively affects business performance
ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΡ?
ΠΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ CBDC Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΈ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π° Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° CBDC ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎ blockchain ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ SWIFT, ΡΡΠΎ Π³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ²Π° Π½ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°Ρ, Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π΄Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΈ Π³ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° DLT-ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°
EFFECTS OF NEW ORGANIC PREPARATIONS BASED ON ZEOLITE AND DOLOMIT OVER SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GRAPE IN R. MACEDONIA
In our research are covered the results of applying new organic products of mineral origin based on zeolite and dolomite. The specific substances processed at our paper represent minerals geographic origin of the mining localities in R. Serbia and the same are protected by intellectual property. In R. Macedonia are implemented on several agricultural crops including the grapevine. According to the method of application to plants can be as improvers of soil features which are applied on the soil of planted place, as well as their other formulations that are applied as fertilizer on the foliage (leaves). Way of their influence is based on improving the health and conditions and capacity of plant organisms and strengthening the entire immune system of the plant. Usually affect an increase in foliage and Equating the flowering and fertilization. Thereby receive yields that have improved quantity and quality. They represent formulations which are allowed to apply organic production ofgrapevine. In this examination are presented results of treating many varieties of grapevine on several localities in R. Macedonia. They are chosen at plantations with low condition and individual plantings for periods of two years. Were obtained visible results in increasing the useful leaf mass and in a timely and evenly flowering. Also, this year, these preparations improve the situation with the frozen vineyards
Globalization and International Trade
Globalization as a term refers to the growth of interdependence between
countries, resulting in increased integration of trade, finance, people and ideas in a
common global market. International trade and cross-border investment inflows are
main elements of this integration. As a process, globalization began after World War
II and has accelerated significantly since the mid-1980s. It is considered to be
governed by two main factors.
The first one, includes technological advantages that have reduced transportation,
communication, and deployment costs. These advantages are usually economically
feasible for companies that locate different stages of production in multiple
countries. The other factor relates to the increasing liberalization of trade and the
capital market. Namely, a growing number of governments are refusing to protect
their economies from foreign competition or from the effects of import tariffs and
non-tariff barriers such as import quotas, export restrictions and legal bans.
Numerous international institutions established during World War II,
including the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and GATT, succeeded in
1995 through the WTO (World Trade Organization), all playing an important role in
promoting protectionism to be replaced by free trade. Empirical evidence suggests
that globalization has significantly boosted economic development in economies of
East Asian such as Hong Kong (China), the Republic of Korea, and Singapore. But
not all developing countries equally participate in globalization or are in a position to
benefit from it. In fact, except for most countries in East Asia and some in Latin
America, developing countries are rather passive in their integration into the world
economy. For example, Sub-Saharan Africa's share of world trade has declined
steadily since the 1960s, as the share of major oil exporters plummeted as oil prices
fell in the early 1980s.
Overall, countries that actively participate in the process of globalization, the benefits
come with new risks and challenges
Financial Flows, Financial Stability and Managing The Capital Structure in Emerging Country
: New financial flows and the development of fin-tech are making up different rules of managing the
structural of companyβs capital. The globalization brings new views and acting of managers for using financial
sources and rise of the company. So, capital structure is linked with financial market development, market
conditions, availability of debt, type of industry sector as the control of managers. Capital structure is linked with
companyβs success. Measuring the profitability of the company is not enough due to the fact that there are cases
where profitable company does bankrupt. That is the reason in this paper to analyze the financing performance and
successful managing of the financial (capital) structure in Macedonia. The companies (the sample in the survey) are
divided on companies which have opened bankruptcy proceeding in 2021 and companies which haven't opened
bankruptcy proceeding in 2021. The analysis of the survey is done by Chi-square test, T-test and Levene's test for
equality of variances
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