A mãe narradora na ficção contemporânea : uma análise de com armas sonolentas, de Carola Saavedra

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender a figura da mãe narradora no romance Com armas sonolentas (2018), de Carola Saavedra. Para tanto, o trabalho se divide em três partes. Na primeira, contextualizamos tal figura na ficção contemporânea, pontuando sua recorrência nas últimas décadas, devida em especial às transformações sociais e simbólicas da maternidade e da feminilidade surgidas na segunda metade do século XX. Na seção seguinte, iniciamos a análise do romance de Saavedra, com foco na temática do amor materno enquanto mito, a partir dos estudos históricos de Elisabeth Badinter (1980). Por fim, na terceira parte, a partir de um referencial composto por Simone de Beauvoir (2009), Michel Foucault (1988) e Michelle Perrot (2003; 2005), mostramos como o discurso da mãe narradora de Com armas sonolentas problematiza a relação de alteridade da mulher com seu corpo grávido. Todas essas reflexões são desenvolvidas junto às noções psicanalíticas da feminilidade discutidas por Maria Rita Kehl (2009; 2016) e aos conceitos benjaminianos de narrador e de experiência (BENJAMIN, 1994). Desse modo, concluímos que a mãe narradora contemporânea se destaca por apresentar a maternidade enquanto experiência, isto é, enquanto um discurso que compartilha uma visão prática e problematizada dos cuidados que um filho demanda.This work seeks to understand the character of the storytelling mother in the novel Com armas sonolentas (2018), by Carola Saavedra. Thus, it is sectioned in three parts. In the first one, we will contextualize such a figure in contemporary fiction, pointing out its recurrence in the last decades, particularly due to social and symbolic transformations of maternity and femininity in the second half of the 20th century. In the next section, we will begin to analyze Saavedra’s novel, focusing on maternal love as myth, referring to Elisabeth Badinter’s (1980) historical studies. Lastly, in the third section, based on Simone de Beauvoir (2009), Michel Foucault (1988), and Michelle Perrot (2003; 2005), we will show how the discourse of the storytelling mother in Com armas sonolentas discusses the alterity relations between the woman and its pregnant body. All those reflections are developed along with psychoanalytical concepts of femininity by Maria Rita Kehl (2009; 2016) and Benjamin’s (1994) concepts of experience and the storyteller. Therefore, we will conclude that the contemporary storytelling mother distinguishes herself by presenting motherhood as experience, i. e., as practical and complex discourse that shares the demands of taking care of a child

Comportamiento de las Enteroparasitosis en niños procedentes de área urbana y rural, del Municipio de Somoto, Departamento de Madriz en el período 2010.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal cuyo objetivo fue determinar el comportamiento de las enteroparasitosis en niños procedentes de área urbana y rural, del municipio de Somoto, Departamento de Madriz, en el período 2010. El universo fueron los niños menores de 15 años, habitantes del sector 19 Colonia Los Maestros del área urbana y la comunidad Santa Isabel del área rural del departamento de Madriz, la muestra estuvo conformada por 141 niños por medio del Examen directo, Ritchie simplificado y la tinción de Ziehl Neelsen modificado, 81 muestras correspondieron al área urbana y 60 al área rural. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, y el instrumento utilizado para la recolección de la información fue una encuesta que abordó los aspectos de edad, sexo y condiciones higiénicas sanitarias. La parasitación total en el área urbano fue del 83.9% y en el área rural fue del 91.6% siendo esta la de mayor prevalencia. Las especies parásitas encontradas fueron 12, de estas 10 correspondieron a los protozoos y 2 a los helmintos. En el área urbana se identificaron 11 especies y en el área rural fueron 10. El espectro parasitario es amplio y tiene representantes de casi todos los grupos; iniciando con las Amebas se identificaron las Entamoebas, Endolimax, Iodamoeba, de los flagelados Chilomastix, Giardia, de los Coccidios se identificó a Cryptosporidium y Cyclospora solo en el área urbano, y a Blastocystis hominis como un parásito con clasificación aparte. De los helmintos las especies identificadas fueron de los Cestodo Hymenolepis nana y el nematodo Ascaris lumbricoides solo en el área rural. El principal factor que favoreció a la infección por parasitación fue el de las condiciones higiénicos sanitarias destacándose el piso de tierra, las heces al aire libre, el no alcantarillado, la basura sin tratamiento, el agua no potable, la conservación inadecuada del agua de consumo y la convivencia con animales domésticos. Esperamos se mantengan las campañas de desparasitación, las campañas y charlas sobre el higiene personal haciendo hincapié en el lavado de manos

Development and Validation of an Educational Comic Book for Guidance on the Safe Use of Fluoride Toothpaste by Children

Objective: To describe the elaboration and content validation of a comic book for guidance on the safe use of fluoride toothpaste by children. Material and Methods: Study on the development of educational technology carried out in four phases: 1 – literature review and script; 2 – elaboration of the material (illustrations, layout and design), 3 – validation (Content Validity Index = CVI and Flesch Readability Index = FI), 4 – pilot test to legitimize the material with the target population. Thirty-one individuals participated in the validation, being 07 expert judges and 24 representatives of the lay population, responsible for the daily care of preschool and school-age children. Results: In the validation, CVI= 0.97 (97%), indicating high agreement of the judges\u27 answers; and FI = 92%, which corresponds to “very easy to understand” reading. In the pilot test carried out with the lay population, the 3 assessment blocks had CVI=1.0 (100%). Conclusion: The comic book proved to be valid regarding appearance and content and can be used for health education activities for adults on the use of fluoride toothpaste for oral hygiene in children

Identification of cis- and trans-acting elements regulating calretinin expression in mesothelioma cells

Calretinin (CALB2) is a diagnostic marker for epithelioid mesothelioma. It is also a prognostic marker since patients with tumors expressing high calretinin levels have better overall survival. Silencing of calretinin decreases viability of epithelioid mesothelioma cells. Our aim was to elucidate mechanisms regulating calretinin expression in mesothelioma. Analysis of calretinin transcript and protein suggested a control at the mRNA level. Treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and analysis of TCGA data indicated that promoter methylation is not likely to be involved. Therefore, we investigated CALB2 promoter by analyzing ~1kb of genomic sequence surrounding the transcription start site (TSS) + 1 using promoter reporter assay. Deletion analysis of CALB2 proximal promoter showed that sequence spanning the –161/+80bp region sustained transcriptional activity. Site-directed analysis identified important cis- regulatory elements within this –161/+80bp CALB2 promoter. EMSA and ChIP assays confirmed binding of NRF-1 and E2F2 to the CALB2 promoter and siRNA knockdown of NRF-1 led to decreased expression of calretinin. Cell synchronization experiment showed that calretinin expression was cell cycle regulated with a peak of expression at G1/S phase. This study provides the first insight in the regulation of CALB2 expression in mesothelioma cells