Unusual Chromosome Configurations: Evaluation of Sex Univalent and Trivalent Chromosome Models

Aneuploidy, or abnormal number of chromosomes in a haploid set, in XY/XX organisms has consequences that can impede physical and cognitive development. To prevent aneuploidy, cellular division relies on the correct position of paired chromosomes and subsequent segregation in the meiotic program. If connections between paired chromosomes sever or errors in chromosome contraction towards spindle poles arise, aneuploidy occurs. Many arthropod species have chromosomes that naturally do not pair, or that pair differently than typical autosomes. Through the evaluation of such systems, novel insights into chromosomal coordination and positioning may be revealed. The objective of this study is twofold: (1) investigate univalent X chromosome behavior in the two-striped planthopper Acanalonia bivittata (X0/XX) and (2) explore a sex trivalent model (XXY/XX) in the giant shield mantis Rhombodera megaera. Here, we will investigate both systems using live-cell and immunofluorescence imaging to reveal mechanisms regulating chromosome coordination and segregation to further understand translational implications across all species

«Samhandling og palliasjon». Sykepleieres erfaringer med samhandling vedrørende palliative pasienter med kreft

Innledning: Stadig overflytting av pasientene mellom tjenestenivåer er en av de største utfordringene i palliasjon. Palliative pasienter har ofte tverrfaglige behov, og disse overføringene blir beskrevet som ekstra sårbare med tanke på informasjonsutvekslingen. I 2012 ble samhandlingsreformen innført, som blant annet hadde som mål og styrke samarbeidet mellom spesialist- og kommunehelsetjenesten, hvor IKT-løsninger skulle være et stort satsningsområde. Problemstilling: Hvordan erfarer sykepleiere i spesialist- og kommunehelsetjenesten å samhandle om utskriving av kreftsyke pasienter i palliative fase? Metode: Litteraturstudie med semistrukturerte søk i databasene PubMed, CINAHL og SweMed +. Det ble brukt ulike kombinasjoner og søkeord, og emneord ble tilpasset hver database. Aktuelle studier ble lest i sin helhet, og nøkkelfunn og temaer ble systematisert. Resultat: 10 studier ble inkludert i oppgaven. Studiene viser at sykepleierne har lite og dårlig kunnskap om hverandres arbeidsoppgaver. Både den skriftlige og muntlige kommunikasjonen er mangelfull og ofte forsinket, og sykepleierne opplever å ha lite mulighet for å påvirke selve utskrivingsprosessen. Funnene ble delt inn i tre overordnede temaer: 1) Manglende forståelse for hverandres arbeidsoppgaver. 2) Sviktende kommunikasjon. 3) Manglende innflytelse Konklusjon: Sykepleiere som jobber med samhandling erfarer flere utfordringer knyttet til utskriving av palliative pasienter med kreft. Dårlig kjennskap til hverandres arbeidsoppgaver og sviktende kommunikasjon gjør samhandlingen sårbar, og kan føre til dårlig flyt i pasientbehandlingen. Dette viser seg å være ekstra sårbart i en prosess hvor sykepleierne erfarer å ha lite eller ingen mulighet for innflytelse. Sykepleierne stiller seg stort sett positive til elektroniske løsninger, men erfarer at det ikke alltid er tilstrekkelig, og har ofte behov for å supplere med andre kommunikasjonsformer, eksempelvis telefonsamtaler. Det er også stor enighet om at det ville vært fordelaktig med et felles journalsystem

Ferromagnetism and suppression of metallic clusters in Fe implanted ZnO - a phenomenon related to defects?

We investigated ZnO(0001) single crystals annealed in high vacuum with respect to their magnetic properties and cluster formation tendency after implant-doping with Fe. While metallic Fe cluster formation is suppressed, no evidence for the relevance of the Fe magnetic moment for the observed ferromagnetism was found. The latter along with the cluster suppression is discussed with respect to defects in the ZnO host matrix, since the crystalline quality of the substrates was lowered due to the preparation as observed by x-ray diffraction.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

Substance Use Among Adolescents: A Comparison Between Native Born and New American Students

Currently, there is a lack of research within the social bond and social capital theory literature on the effects that immigration status has on substance use behaviors. The purpose of the current study is to fill this void in existing research by examining the individual and combined effects that immigration status and social capital have on adolescent substance use. To examine this, survey results from a Midwestern school district are used. Overall, the results indicate that when examining immigration and social capital measures, immigration status only predicts substance use—not frequency of use. Additionally, interaction effects indicate a significant interaction between school social capital and immigration status suggesting that when assessing substance use behaviors, native born adolescents are more affected by lower school social capital compared to recent immigrant groups

An investigation of the social support network of injured athletes

Includes bibliographical references (pages [74]-77).M.S. Ed. (Master of Education

Barn og rom

Problemstilling: Hvilke muligheter og utfordringer kan en barnehagelærer møte i barnets bruk av rom

The Microwave Spectra and Molecular Structures of Cyclopentene and Cyclobutene Ozonides and 1,2,4-Trithiolane.

The rotational spectra of fourteen isotopic species of cyclopentene ozonide (6,7,8-trioxabicyclo{3.2.1}octane, CpOz) were assigned. The structure of CpOz was analyzed by both the least-squares (r(,o)) and Kraitchman's substitution (r(,s)) methods. The ground state structure of CpOz has C(,s) symmetry and the endo conformation. Some of the significant r(,o) structural parameters are: r(O(,p)-O(,p)) = 1.475(1) (ANGSTROM); r(C(,b)-O(,p)) = 1.430(2) (ANGSTROM); r(C(,b)-O(,e)) = 1.414(2) (ANGSTROM); r(C(,b)-C(,(alpha))) = 1.528(2) (ANGSTROM); r(C(,(alpha))-C(,f)) = 1.540(2) (ANGSTROM); (ANGLE)C(,b)-O(,p)-O(,p) = 104.3(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C(,b)-O(,e)-C(,b) = 101.0(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)O(,p)-C(,b)-O(,e) = 104.2(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)O(,p)-C(,b)-C(,(alpha)) = 111.6(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)O(,e)-C(,b)-C(,(alpha)) = 110.4(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C(,b)-C(,(alpha))-C(,f) = 109.4(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C(,(alpha))-C(,f)-C(,(alpha)) = 110.3(2)(DEGREES). The uncertainties shown represent one st and ard deviation in the least squares fit of the observed inertial parameters. The structure of CpOz is discussed in relation to ab initio molecular orbital calculations of the C(,s) conformer of ethylene ozonide. The dipole moment has been determined as 2.478(9) Debye. Cyclobutene ozonide (2,3,7-trioxabicyclo{2.2.1}heptane, CbOz) has been isolated from the ozonolysis of cyclobutene in saturated hydrocarbon solvents. The rotational spectra of the normal isotopic species and one vibrational satellite were assigned. The dipole moment of CbOz has been determined as 2.857(2) Debye. The data is consistent with the molecule belonging to the C(,s) symmetry point group. The rotational spectra of eight isotopic species of 1,2,4-trithiolane (the sulfur analog of ethylene ozonide, SOz) were assigned. The structure of SOz was determined by both the least-squares (r(,o)) and Kraitchman's substitution (r(,s)) methods. The molecule has a disulfide twist half-chair conformation belonging to the C(,2) symmetry point group. The structural parameters determined for the ring atoms are as follows: r(S-S) = 2.044(2)(ANGSTROM); r(C-S(,s)) = 1.829(2)(ANGSTROM); r(C-S(,d)) = 1.808(2)(ANGSTROM); (ANGLE)C-S-S = 93.8(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C-S-C = 99.4(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)S-C-S = 110.0(1)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C-S-S-C = 52.8(3)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)S-S-C-S = -46.4(4)(DEGREES); (ANGLE)C-S-C-S = 20.2(1.0)(DEGREES). The conformation of SOz is explained by the lone pair interactions of the disulfide atoms with the C-S(,s) (sigma)* orbital. The dipole moment has been determined as 0.465(2) Debye.Ph.D.Physical chemistryUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/159139/1/8304446.pd

Correctional Case Planning: An Examination Into the Impacts of Case Plans on Offender Recidivism

Case planning has become common practice within many correctional intervention programs. While the practice of case planning is not a new idea, it remains a largely neglected field within the study of offender rehabilitation. The current study seeks to expand this literature by investigating the effects of four case plan components: compliance, specificity (consisting of positively stated, measurable, and singular objectives), breadth, and expiration. To do so, the study examines 859 correctional case plans of offenders receiving treatment at a Halfway House facility. The results indicate that case plan compliance, breadth, and expiration are not significantly associated with offender recidivism. Additionally, only one of the specificity domains, positively stated, is significant. The positive relationship indicates that more positively stated objectives are associated with higher recidivism when other case plan specificity variables are controlled for. While the results fail to support the initial hypotheses, supplemental analyses demonstrate the importance of continued research on impacts of case plans. As a result, this paper should not be used as a justification to dismiss case planning but rather as a call for more research. The discussion section provides a continued narrative on how future research can expand on what is currently understood about the impacts of case planning on offender recidivism outcomes