European patch test results with audit allergens as candidates for inclusion in the European Baseline Series, 2019/20:Joint results of the ESSCA(A) and the EBSB working groups of the ESCD, and the GEIDAC(C)

Background In 2019, a number of allergens (haptens), henceforth, "the audit allergens," were considered as potential additions to the European Baseline Series (EBS), namely, sodium metabisulfite, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, Compositae mix II (2.5% or 5% pet), linalool hydroperoxides (lin-OOH), limonene hydroperoxides (lim-OOH), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), decyl glucoside, and lauryl glucoside; Evernia furfuracea (tree moss), was additionally tested by some departments as well. Objectives To collect further data on patch test reactivity and clinical relevance of the audit allergens in consecutive patients across Europe. Methods Patch test data covering the audit allergens in 2019 and 2020 were collected by those departments of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies testing these, as well as further collaborators from the EBS working group of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis (ESCD), and the Spanish Grupo Espanol de Investigacion en Dermatitis de Contacto y Alergia Cutanea. As patch test outcome, reactions between day (D) 3 and D5 were considered. Results Altogether n = 12 403 patients were tested with any of the audit allergen. Positive reactions were most common to lin-OOH 1% pet. (8.74% [95%CI: 8.14-9.37%]), followed by lin-OOH 0.5% pet., and lim-OOH 0.3% pet (5.41% [95% CI: 4.95-5.89%]). Beyond these terpene hydroperoxides, BIT 0.1% pet. was the second most common allergen with 4.72% (95% CI: 4.2-5.28%), followed by sodium metabisulfite 1% pet. (3.75% [95%CI: 3.32-4.23%]) and Compositae mix 5% pet. (2.31% [95% CI: 1.84-2.87%]). For some allergens, clinical relevance was frequently difficult to ascertain. Conclusions Despite many positive patch test reactions, it remains controversial whether lin- and lim-OOH should be tested routinely, while at least the two preservatives BIT and sodium metabisulfite appear suitable. The present results are a basis for further discussion and ultimately decision on their implementation into routine testing among the ESCD members

Patch test results with the European baseline series, 2019/20-Joint European results of the ESSCA and the EBS working groups of the ESCD, and the GEIDAC

BACKGROUND Continual analyses of patch test results with the European baseline series (EBS) serve both contact allergy surveillance and auditing the value of included allergens. OBJECTIVES To present results of current EBS patch testing, obtained in 53 departments in 13 European countries during 2019 and 2020. METHODS Anonymised or pseudonymised individual data, and partly aggregated data on demographic/clinical characteristics and patch test rest results with the EBS were prospectively collected and centrally pooled and analysed. RESULTS In 2019 and 2020, 22581 patients were patch tested with the EBS. Sensitization to nickel remained most common (19.8 (19.2-20.4)% positivity (95% confidence interval)). Fragrance mix I and Myroxylon pereirae yielded very similar results with 6.80 (6.43-7.19)% and 6.62 (6.25-7.00)% positivity, respectively. Formaldehyde at 2% aq. yielded almost one percentage point more positive reactions than 1% concentration (2.49 (2.16-2.85)% vs. 1.59 (1.33-1.88)); methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and MI alone up to around 5% positives. Among the new additions, propolis was most commonly positive (3.48 (3.16-3.82)%), followed by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2.32 (2.0-2.68)%). CONCLUSIONS Ongoing surveillance on the prevalence of contact sensitization contributes to an up-to-date baseline series containing the most frequent and/or relevant contact sensitizers for routine patch testing in Europe. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Sensitization to isothiazolinones in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): 2019–2021 epidemiological situation

Background: Current frequency and risk factors for sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) in Spain are not well known. Objectives: To study the frequency of sensitization, risk factors and simultaneous sensitization between the four isothiazolinones. Materials and Methods: We analysed all 2019-2021 consecutive patients patch-tested with MI (0.2% aq.), MCI/MI (0.02% aq.), BIT (0.1% pet.) and OIT (0.1% pet) within the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC). Results: A total of 2511 patients were analysed. Frequencies of sensitization were: any isothiazolinone 15.7%, MI 6.8%, MCI/MI 4.8%, BIT 3.5% and OIT 0.5%. MI and MCI/MI sensitization was associated with being occupationally active, hand dermatitis, detergents and age over 40. BIT sensitization was associated with leg dermatitis and age over 40. About one in nine MI-positive patients were positive to BIT, whereas one in five BIT-positive patients were positive to MI. Conclusions: Sensitization to MI, MCI/MI and BIT is still common in Spain, while sensitization to OIT is rare. Currently, sensitization to MI and MCI/MI seems to be occupationally related. Although its origin is unknown, sensitization to BIT is more frequent in patients aged over 40 years. Simultaneous sensitization between MI and BIT is uncommon.The Spanish Registry of Contact Dermatitis (REIDAC) is promoted by the Fundación Piel Sana (Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología), which has received financial support from the Spanish Medicines and Health Products Agency (Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2022/04/11/pdfs/BOE-A-2022-5975.pdf) and Sanofi. The funders were not involved in the design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis and interpretation of data, preparation, review, approval of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication

Is Cold Pressor Test Useful to Predict Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Not Documented Coronary Artery Disease?

To determine the prevalence of the cold pressor test in 511 patients with no proved ischemic heart disease, as well as, the associated coronary risk factors in those patients with a positive result and to analyze the incidence of cardiovascular events in a 50-month monitoring.Material and MethodsA tomographic study of myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging was performed in 511 patients in a department of nuclear medicine, whose result versus the exercise showed uniform radiotracer uptake. No patient had history of myocardial revascularization or previous myocardial infarction. The cold pressor test was performed within 5 days after the admission protocol. The test is positive when radioisotope hypo-uptake is observed at any segment that was not present in the cardiac stress test and it is negative when there are no changes in the uptake between both studies.The average monitoring was 24±13 months, which could be completed in 95% of the patients. Cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident and revascularization procedures were analyzed.ResultsThe mean age was 58.7 years with a prevalence of 52.6% in men. Prevalence of risk factors: diabetes 10.3%, dyslipidemia 69.3%, hypertension 63.4%, obesity 25.2%, and tobacco smoking 22.3%.The test was positive in 32.4% of the patients. 3.9% of the patients did not tolerate a cold stimulus and 5.3% had vasovagal response.During 50 months, the event-free survival was 95.6% and 86.6% in patients with negative and positive test, respectively (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe prevalence of the positive cold pressor test in patients with no proved ischemic heart disease was 32.4%. Men and high body mass index were associated with a positive test. The positive cold pressor test would identify patients who could suffer from cardiovascular events.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2010;78:417-424.    ObjectiveIntroducciónLa disfunción endotelial es la primera alteración conocida que interviene en el desarrollo de la cardiopatía isquémica. La falta de metodologías adecuadamente desarrolladas que permitan reconocer en la etapa preclínica de la enfermedad a los pacientes en riesgo de padecer un evento cardiovascular alertan sobre la necesidad de adoptar métodos adicionales de diagnóstico para su identificación precoz. La función endotelial en las arterias coronarias fue evaluada con perfusión miocárdica SPECT y la prueba del frío.ObjetivosDeterminar la prevalencia de la prueba del frío en 511 pacientes sin cardiopatía isquémica demostrada, como también de los factores de riesgo coronario asociados en aquellos con resultado positivo y analizar la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares en un seguimiento de cincuenta meses

Patch testing during the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations of the AEDV's Spanish Contact Dermatitis and Skin Allergy Research Group (GEIDAC)

Con el progresivo control de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, los miembros del Grupo Español de Investigación en Dermatitis de Contacto y Alergia Cutánea (GEIDAC) realizan una propuesta sobre cuáles van a ser los requisitos, las limitaciones y los condicionantes para reanudar el servicio en las unidades de dermatitis de contacto en un escenario en el que se presume la persistencia del virus, con episodios ocasionales o estacionales de exacerbación. Se aconseja ajustar el número de pruebas epicutáneas (PE) a las posibilidades de cada centro y la revisión de los casos en lista de espera para priorizar a los pacientes en función de la gravedad y la urgencia. Se ofrecerán, si es factible, métodos telemáticos para los documentos relativos a las PE (información, pautas, documentos de consentimiento informado). De estar disponible, puede ofrecerse la opción de realizar una primera visita telemática. Igualmente, en pacientes seleccionados puede llevarse a cabo una televisita en las visitas de lectura a través de imágenes realizadas por el paciente o mediante una videovisita que permita visualizar el resultado de la exploración. Estas acciones permitirán reducir el número de visitas presenciales, aunque no el tiempo dedicado y asignado al facultativo para los actos médicos. Todas estas recomendaciones son sugerencias y se adaptarán a los requisitos y a las posibilidades de cada centro sanitario

La Coordinación de materias dentro de un sistema de evaluación continua para alumnos de ingeniería química de la Universidad de Granada

El objetivo principal de este proyecto es programar la realización de actividades que recojan aspectos de diferentes asignaturas de un mismo curso, de tal forma que permitan la coordinación y optimización del trabajo realizado por el alumno y puedan ser usadas como herramienta de evaluación, dentro de un sistema de evaluación continú

Contact dermatitis from glucose sensors in Spain: A multicentric approach

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis from glucose sensors may interfere with their ongoing application. Objective: To evaluate a series of Spanish patients with contact dermatitis to glucose sensors regarding former sources of contact allergens, patch test results, and outcomes from the ongoing use of the device. Methods: A series of patients with contact dermatitis from glucose sensors was investigated in eight dermatology departments across Spain (epidemiological features, brands, latency time to develop dermatitis, the ability to continue using the devices as well as the patch test results). Results: Thirty patients were evaluated (mean age 20.9 years). A total of 66.7% were children and 66.7% female. Ninety per cent used Freestyle Libre (FSL). Eight of 26 (30.8%) reacted to isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) and two of 20 (10.0%) to N,N dimethylacrylamide (DMAA). The mean latency time to develop dermatitis was 9 months. Sixteen of 29 (55.2%) patients continued using the same sensor causing the reaction. Thirteen of 29 (44.8%) patients were unable to continue using the sensor because of severe reactions. Of these, five were positive to IBOA, one to IBOA and DMAA, one to DMAA, one to colophony, and one to isopropyl alcohol wipes. In one patient, the outcome was unknown. Conclusion: The frequency of sensitisation to IBOA and DMAA, was lower than in other European series, but similar to a previously published Spanish article. Legislation requiring manufacturers to provide information regarding the composition of medical devices and cooperate with the investigations into contact dermatitis is urgently needed