Estudo retrospectivo da casuística de atendimentos de ruminantes do Hospital de Clínicas Veterinária[s] da UFRGS

O Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), localizado em Porto Alegre – RS, é o lugar de maior casuística do estado com 20.000 atendimentos anuais, entre animais de pequeno e grande porte. Frente a este cenário, o presente estudo objetivou determinar a frequência e caracterizar os atendimentos dos ruminantes realizados no HCV para, futuramente, ajudar na construção de estratégias de controle e prevenção das doenças encontradas. No período estudado, entre janeiro de 2007 e maio de 2018, foram atendidos 341 ruminantes, com destaque para os ovinos (42%), caprinos (39%) e bovinos (18%). Além destes, foram atendidos um camelo com obstrução por corpo estranho, um cervo sambar com fratura da primeira vértebra torácica e um búfalo com impactação ruminal. Foi mapeado o perfil de atendimento, com predominância de fêmeas (57%) e adultos (59%). A maioria dos animais não apresentou raça definida, porém entre as raças, destacou-se a de aptidão de corte, Texel, em ovinos e de aptidão leiteira em caprinos e bovinos, respectivamente, Saanen e Holandesa. No levantamento da casuística, as doenças de etiologia infecciosa e parasitária apresentaram a maior prevalência com 27,5% dos atendimentos, seguidas por reprodutivas (17,5%), traumáticas (13,5%), metabólicas (10%), outras (10%) e tóxicas (2,5%). Sessenta e seis animais tiveram diagnóstico inconclusivo (19,5%). As campeãs de prevalência foram as doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, com destaque para miíase e verminose. Assim, percebe-se que correções de manejo são suficientes para diminuir o número de ocorrências de doenças e medidas profiláticas como protocolo vacinal, vermifugação e manejo nutricional adequado são aliados nessa caminhada. Ao final, conclui-se que estudos referentes a casuística são importantes para que se conheça as enfermidades predominantes em determinada área e seus fatores de risco, pensando em diagnóstico diferencial e programas de prevenção futuros.The Veterinary Clinics Hospital (HCV) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), located in Porto Alegre – RS, is the place of greatest casuistry of the state, with 20.000 annual attendances, between small and large animals. In view of this scenario, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and characterize the ruminants attended at HCV, in order to help in the future, in the construction of control and prevention strategies of diseases found. During the study period, between January 2007 and May 2018, 341 ruminants were attended, with emphasis on sheep (42%), goats (39%) and cattle (18%). In addition, a camel with foreign body obstruction, a sambar deer with fracture of the first thoracic vertebra and a buffalo with ruminal impaction were attended. The care profile was mapped, with predominance of females (57%) and adults (59%). Most of the animals did not present a defined breed, but among the breeds stands out Texel, of cutting aptitude, in sheeps and Saanen and Holstein, of dairy aptitude, in goats and cattle, respectively. In the retrospective study, the diseases with infectious and parasitic etiology presented the highest prevalence with 27.5% of the attendances, followed by reproductive (17.5%), traumatic (13.5%), metabolic (10%), others (10%) and toxic (2.5%). Sixty-six animals had inconclusive diagnosis (19.5%). The highest prevalences were infectious and parasitic diseases, with emphasis on myiasis and verminosis. So, it is perceived that management corrections are sufficient to reduce the number of occurrences of diseases and prophylactic measures such as vaccination protocol, vermifugation and adequate nutritional management are allied in this walk. At the end, it is concluded that studies referring to casuistry are important to know the predominant diseases in a specific area and its risk factors considering differential diagnosis and future prevention programs

Perfil bioquímico de ovelhas criadas a pasto durante o periparto : Biochemical parameters in pasture-raised sheep during peripartum period

A avaliação de parâmetros bioquímicos nos animais de produção auxilia na avaliação de rebanho e no diagnóstico das enfermidades metabólicas que podem afetar o desempenho produtivo. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar parâmetros bioquímicos de ovelhas mestiças da raça Corriedale durante o periparto criadas em sistema a pasto. Foram utilizadas nove ovelhas, mantidas em sistema a pasto. Para a avaliação dos parâmetros bioquímicos no periparto foi realizada coleta de sangue por meio da venopunção da jugular nos seguintes momentos: semanalmente nas 4 semanas pré-parto, no dia do parto, e nos dias 3, 7 e 10 pós-parto. Foram analisadas as concentrações de betahidroxibutirato (BHB), colesterol, triglicérides, albumina, aspartato aminotransferase, ureia e cálcio utilizando kits comerciais em analisador bioquímico automatizado. A enzima AST foi o único metabólito que sofreu flutuações em decorrência do tempo. Os valores de Ca estiveram sempre abaixo da referência, contudo nenhuma ovelha apresentou sintomatologia de hipocalcemia. Entre 7 e 10 dias após o parto observou-se valores individuais máximos de BHB em 33% das ovelhas indicando transtorno no metabolismo energético. O perfil bioquímico de ovelhas mestiças da raça Corriedale mantidas em pastagem não sofreu maiores influencias relacionadas ao período de transição. Somente os valores de AST foram maiores no pós parto e três ovelhas apresentaram distúrbios no metabolismo energético no pós-parto devido ao aumento de BHB mostrando que diferente do que se postula o pós parto e distúrbios associados a ele pode ter importância também nas ovelhas

Biochemical parameters in pasture-raised sheep during peripartum period

A avaliação de parâmetros bioquímicos nos animais de produção auxilia na avaliação de rebanho e no diagnóstico das enfermidades metabólicas que podem afetar o desempenho produtivo. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar parâmetros bioquímicos de ovelhas mestiças da raça Corriedale durante o periparto criadas em sistema a pasto. Foram utilizadas nove ovelhas, mantidas em sistema a pasto. Para a avaliação dos parâmetros bioquímicos no periparto foi realizada coleta de sangue por meio da venopunção da jugular nos seguintes momentos: semanalmente nas 4 semanas pré-parto, no dia do parto, e nos dias 3, 7 e 10 pós-parto. Foram analisadas as concentrações de betahidroxibutirato (BHB), colesterol, triglicérides, albumina, aspartato aminotransferase, ureia e cálcio utilizando kits comerciais em analisador bioquímico automatizado. A enzima AST foi o único metabólito que sofreu flutuações em decorrência do tempo. Os valores de Ca estiveram sempre abaixo da referência, contudo nenhuma ovelha apresentou sintomatologia de hipocalcemia. Entre 7 e 10 dias após o parto observou-se valores individuais máximos de BHB em 33% das ovelhas indicando transtorno no metabolismo energético. O perfil bioquímico de ovelhas mestiças da raça Corriedale mantidas em pastagem não sofreu maiores influencias relacionadas ao período de transição. Somente os valores de AST foram maiores no pós parto e três ovelhas apresentaram distúrbios no metabolismo energético no pós-parto devido ao aumento de BHB mostrando que diferente do que se postula o pós parto e distúrbios associados a ele pode ter importância também nas ovelhas

Retrospective study of clinical cases in ruminants at the UFRGS veterinary teaching hospital

Background: The pillars of animal production are sanity, genetics and nutrition. Sanitary control of the herd is important to reduce production costs and maintain health. The Veterinary Clinics Hospital (HCV) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), located in Porto Alegre - RS, is the place of greatest casuistry of the state, with 20.000 annual attendances, between small and large animals. In view of this scenario, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and characterize the ruminants attended at HCV, in order to help in the future, in the construction of control and prevention strategies of diseases found. Materials, Methods & Results: The documents of ruminant care between January 2007 and May 2018 were searched in the archives of the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics of UFRGS. Data on species, race, sex, age and diagnosis were collected. Diagnoses were classified as conclusive and inconclusive and the cases with conclusive diagnosis were classified according to etiology: infectious and parasitic diseases, metabolic and nutritional diseases, reproductive and obstetric diseases, toxic diseases, traumatic diseases. The prevalence of diseases and characteristics of ruminants attended (species, sex, category) was calculated. During the study period, between January 2007 and May 2018, 341 ruminants were attended, with emphasis on sheep (42%), goats (39%) and cattle (18%). In addition, a camel with foreign body obstruction, a sambar deer with fracture of the first thoracic vertebra and a buffalo with ruminal impaction were attended. The care profile was mapped, with predominance of females (57%) and adults (59%). Most of the animals did not present a defined breed, but among the breeds stands out Texel, of cutting aptitude, in sheeps and Saanen and Holstein, of dairy aptitude, in goats and cattle, respectively. In the retrospective study, the diseases with infectious and parasitic etiology presented the highest prevalence with 27.5% of the attendances, followed by reproductive (17.5%), traumatic (13.5%), metabolic (10%), others (10%) and toxic (2.5%). Sixty-six animals had inconclusive diagnosis (19.5%). Discussion: The highest prevalences were infectious and parasitic diseases, with emphasis on myiasis and verminosis. So, it is perceived that management corrections are sufficient to reduce the number of occurrences of diseases and prophylactic measures such as vaccination protocol, vermifugation and adequate nutritional management are allied in this walk. Among the reproductive diseases, dystocia (42.85%), which is one of the main causes of mortality in the peripartum period, has been highlighted. Dog attack was the major cause of traumas in ruminants and urolithiasis was highlighted in metabolic diseases. In toxic diseases, copper intoxication was the most important. Sheep are extremely sensitive to this intoxication, as they tend to accumulate copper in the organism. The retrospective study made it possible to visualize the panorama of HCV UFRGS visits to ruminants in the last years, mapping the profile and determining the casuistry of the diseases. Studies of hospital veterinary casuistry are rare, mainly involving ruminants. At the end, it is concluded that studies referring to casuistry are important to know the predominant diseases in a specific area and its risk factors considering differential diagnosis and future prevention programs

Retrospective Study of Clinical Cases in Ruminants at the UFRGS Veterinary Teaching Hospital

Background: The pillars of animal production are sanity, genetics and nutrition. Sanitary control of the herd is important to reduce production costs and maintain health. The Veterinary Clinics Hospital (HCV) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), located in Porto Alegre - RS, is the place of greatest casuistry of the state, with 20.000 annual attendances, between small and large animals. In view of this scenario, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and characterize the ruminants attended at HCV, in order to help in the future, in the construction of control and prevention strategies of diseases found. Materials, Methods & Results: The documents of ruminant care between January 2007 and May 2018 were searched in the archives of the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics of UFRGS. Data on species, race, sex, age and diagnosis were collected. Diagnoses were classified as conclusive and inconclusive and the cases with conclusive diagnosis were classified according to etiology: infectious and parasitic diseases, metabolic and nutritional diseases, reproductive and obstetric diseases, toxic diseases, traumatic diseases. The prevalence of diseases and characteristics of ruminants attended (species, sex, category) was calculated. During the study period, between January 2007 and May 2018, 341 ruminants were attended, with emphasis on sheep (42%), goats (39%) and cattle (18%). In addition, a camel with foreign body obstruction, a sambar deer with fracture of the first thoracic vertebra and a buffalo with ruminal impaction were attended. The care profile was mapped, with predominance of females (57%) and adults (59%). Most of the animals did not present a defined breed, but among the breeds stands out Texel, of cutting aptitude, in sheeps and Saanen and Holstein, of dairy aptitude, in goats and cattle, respectively. In the retrospective study, the diseases with infectious and parasitic etiology presented the highest prevalence with 27.5% of the attendances, followed by reproductive (17.5%), traumatic (13.5%), metabolic (10%), others (10%) and toxic (2.5%). Sixty-six animals had inconclusive diagnosis (19.5%). Discussion: The highest prevalences were infectious and parasitic diseases, with emphasis on myiasis and verminosis. So, it is perceived that management corrections are sufficient to reduce the number of occurrences of diseases and prophylactic measures such as vaccination protocol, vermifugation and adequate nutritional management are allied in this walk. Among the reproductive diseases, dystocia (42.85%), which is one of the main causes of mortality in the peripartum period, has been highlighted. Dog attack was the major cause of traumas in ruminants and urolithiasis was highlighted in metabolic diseases. In toxic diseases, copper intoxication was the most important. Sheep are extremely sensitive to this intoxication, as they tend to accumulate copper in the organism. The retrospective study made it possible to visualize the panorama of HCV UFRGS visits to ruminants in the last years, mapping the profile and determining the casuistry of the diseases. Studies of hospital veterinary casuistry are rare, mainly involving ruminants. At the end, it is concluded that studies referring to casuistry are important to know the predominant diseases in a specific area and its risk factors considering differential diagnosis and future prevention programs

Influence of body condition on the metabolic profile of ewes in the transition period and on lamb performance

A mortalidade de cordeiros é uma das principais perdas econômicas da ovinocultura e ocorre principalmente nas primeiras 72 horas de vida. Sendo assim o presente estudo objetivou avaliar o perfil bioquímico de ovelhas no periparto e o desenvolvimento dos cordeiros, assim como, as influências da condição corporal no diagnóstico de gestação e do tipo de gestação (simples ou múltipla), caracterizando a qualidade do colostro e a relação materno-filial. Foram utilizadas 70 ovelhas mestiças Texel, criadas em sistema extensivo, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x2x7, para verificação dos efeitos do ECC no diagnóstico de gestação (< 3 ou ≥ 3), número de cordeiros (1 ou ≥ 2), momento de coleta e suas interações. Foi avaliada a correlação entre o ECC das matrizes no diagnóstico de gestação e o desempenho do cordeiro (pesos e GMDs), número de cordeiros, brix, ECM e concentração de proteína total no soro dos cordeiros. Os valores de AGNE, albumina, AST, BHB, cálcio, colesterol, CK, creatinina, fósforo, glicose, globulina, magnésio, proteína total, triglicerídeos, ureia e relação creatinina:ureia foram obtidos nos momentos − 60, − 30, − 7, parto, +7, +14, +21. No dia do parto foi realizada a avaliação materno-filial e a análise da qualidade do colostro. Nos cordeiros foi realizada a avaliação da absorção de colostro através da determinação sérica de proteína total e acompanhamento do ganho de peso médio aos 21 dias (GMD) e ao desmame. Todos os metabólitos sofreram influência do tempo (p< 0,05). No perfil energético, AGNE e BHB foram menores no pré-parto, enquanto colesterol, glicose e triglicerídeos foram maiores no mesmo período. No perfil proteico, as concentrações de albumina, globulina e proteínas totais foram menores no início da lactação, principalmente aos 14 e 21 dias pós-parto. A ureia foi menor na lactação, enquanto a creatinina apresentou sua menor concentração aos 21 dias pós-parto, momento no qual a relação entre os dois metabólicos foi maior. No perfil mineral, o cálcio foi maior no pós-parto, enquanto fósforo e magnésio apresentaram-se maiores durante a gestação. A atividade de AST aumenta na lactação, já a de CK é menor ao parto e aumenta gradativamente no período pós-parto. As matrizes com gestações simples tinham maiores concentrações de albumina, globulina, proteínas totais e ureia e menor atividade de CK quando comparadas as gestações múltiplas (p< 0,05). As matrizes com ECC ≥ 3 no diagnóstico de gestação apresentaram valores de AGNE e creatinina maiores quando comparados a matrizes com ECC < 3 (p< 0,05). As matrizes de gestações múltiplas apresentaram colostro com maior % brix (r = 0,324). O ECC das matrizes no diagnóstico de gestação influenciou o GMD dos cordeiros aos 21 dias (r = 0,228). As matrizes mestiças Texel criadas em sistemas extensivos conseguem adaptar- se bem as mudanças fisiológicas do periparto, sem apresentar maiores repercussões na sua saúde e no desempenho do cordeiro. Entretanto, monitorar as alterações no perfil de transição pensando em bem-estar animal e evitando perdas indesejadas é de extrema importância.Lamb mortality is one of the main economic losses of sheep farming and occurs mainly in the first 72 hours of life. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the biochemical profile of ewes in the peripartum and the development of lambs as well as the influences of body condition on pregnancy diagnosis and type of pregnancy (single or multiple), characterizing the quality of colostrum and the relationship maternal-filial Seventy crossbred Texel ewes, reared in an extensive system, were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2x2x7 factorial arrangement, to verify the effects of BCS on pregnancy diagnosis (< 3 or ≥ 3), number of lambs (1 or ≥ 2), time of collection and its interactions. The correlation between the BCS of the ewes in the diagnosis of pregnancy and the performance of the lamb (weights and ADGs), number of lambs, brix, MBS and total protein concentration in the serum of the lambs was evaluated. The NEFA, albumin, AST, BHB, calcium, cholesterol, CK, creatinine, phosphorus, glucose, globulin, magnesium, total protein, triglycerides, urea and creatinine:urea ratio values were obtained at times − 60, − 30, − 7, lambing, + 7, + 14, + 21. On the day of lambing, a mother- child evaluation and an analysis of colostrum quality were performed. In lambs, colostrum absorption was evaluated by serum determination of total protein and monitoring of average daily gain at 21 days (ADG) and at weaning. All metabolites were influenced by time (p< 0.05). In the energy profile, AGNE and BHB were lower in the prepartum period, while cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were higher in the same period. In the protein profile, the concentrations of albumin, globulin and total proteins were lower at the beginning of lactation, especially at 14 and 21 days postpartum. Urea was lower in lactation, while creatinine had its lowest concentration at 21 days postpartum, when the relationship between the two metabolics was higher. In the mineral profile, calcium was higher in the postpartum period, while phosphorus and magnesium were higher during pregnancy. AST activity increases during lactation, while CK is lower at birth and gradually increases in the postpartum period. Mothers with simple pregnancies had higher concentrations of albumin, globulin, total proteins and urea and lower CK activity when compared to multiple pregnancies (p< 0.05). Ewes with BCS ≥ 3 at pregnancy diagnosis had higher NEFA and creatinine values when compared to ewes with BCS < 3 (p< 0.05). Ewes with multiple pregnancies had colostrum with higher % brix (r = 0.324). The BCS of the ewes in the diagnosis of pregnancy influenced the ADG of the lambs at 21 days (r = 0.228). The Texel crossbred breeders created in extensive systems are able to adapt well to the physiological changes of the peripartum, without having major repercussions on their health and on the performance of the lamb. However, monitoring changes in the transition profile with animal welfare in mind and avoiding unwanted losses is extremely important