636 research outputs found
Fad diets and their effect on urinary stone formation
Abstract: The influence of unhealthy dietary habits on urinary stone formation has been widely recognized
in literature. Dietary advice is indeed the cornerstone prescription for prevention of nephrolithiasis as well.
However, only a small amount of medical literature has addressed the influence of popular or fad diets, often
self-prescribed for the management of obesity and overweight or for cultural beliefs, on the risk of kidney
stones. Thereby in this paper we analyze the current knowledge on the effects of some popular diets on
overall lithogenic risk. High-protein diets, like Dukan diet, raise some concerns, since animal proteins are
able to increase urinary calcium and to decrease urinary citrate excretion, thus leading to a high overall
lithogenic risk. Low-carbohydrate diets, like Atkins diet or zone diet, may have a protective role against
kidney stone formation, but there are also evidences stating that this dietary approach may rise calciuria
and decrease citraturia, since it is generally associated to a relatively high intake of animal proteins. Vegan
diet can be harmful for urinary stone disease, especially for the risk of hyperuricemia and micronutrient
deficiencies, even if only few studies have addressed this specific matter. On the other side, the benefits
of a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet on kidney stone prevention have been largely emphasized, provided that
the intake of calcium and oxalate is balanced. Traditional Mediterranean diet should exert a protective
effect on nephrolithiasis as well, even if specific studies have not been carried out yet. High phytate and
antioxidant content of this diet have however demonstrated to be beneficial in preventing the formation
of new or recurrent calculi. Anyway, at the current state of knowledge, the most effective dietary approach
to prevent kidney stone disease is a mild animal protein restriction, a balanced intake of carbohydrates
and fats and a high intake of fruit and vegetables. Other fundamental aspects, which are often neglected in
fad diets, are a normal intake of milk and dairy products and salt restriction. All these nutritional aspects
should be greatly taken into account when patients who are willing to undergo fad or commercial diets ask
for dietary advice
La terapia idropinica è veramente utile nella calcolosi renale da ossalato di calcio
Abstract non disponibil
Comorbidities and disease severity as risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization: report of an experience in an internal medicine unit
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen, spreading to hospitalized elderly patients. Risk factors in this setting are unclear. Our aims were to explore the contribution of multi-morbidity and disease severity in the onset of CRKP colonization/infection, and to describe changes in epidemiology after the institution of quarantine-ward managed by staff-cohorting
Trials clinici nella nefrolitiasi: di che cosa abbiamo bisogno? Presente e futuro della ricerca clinica
Abstract non disponibil
Dietary habits in women with recurrent idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis
Nutrition has been widely recognized to influence the risk of kidney stone formation. Therefore the aim of our study was to assess: a) whether usual diet of women with idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis (ICN) living in Parma (Northern-Italy) is different compared to healthy controls, b) how their diet differs from Italian National guidelines and c) whether it is related to nephrolithiasis clinical course
Aspetti epidemiologici della calcolosi di calcio in Italia: distribuzione dei fenotipi intermedi nella popolazione italiana
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Multi-Scale Motility Amplitude Associated with Suicidal Thoughts in Major Depression
Major depression occurs at high prevalence in the general population, often starts in juvenile years, recurs over a lifetime, and is strongly associated with disability and suicide. Searches for biological markers in depression may have been hindered by assuming that depression is a unitary and relatively homogeneous disorder, mainly of mood, rather than addressing particular, clinically crucial features or diagnostic subtypes. Many studies have implicated quantitative alterations of motility rhythms in depressed human subjects. Since a candidate feature of great public-health significance is the unusually high risk of suicidal behavior in depressive disorders, we studied correlations between a measure (vulnerability index [VI]) derived from multi-scale characteristics of daily-motility rhythms in depressed subjects (nâ=â36) monitored with noninvasive, wrist-worn, electronic actigraphs and their self-assessed level of suicidal thinking operationalized as a wish to die. Patient-subjects had a stable clinical diagnosis of bipolar-I, bipolar-II, or unipolar major depression (nâ=â12 of each type). VI was associated inversely with suicidal thinking (râ=â â0.61 with all subjects and râ=â â0.73 with bipolar disorder subjects; both p<0.0001) and distinguished patients with bipolar versus unipolar major depression with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 79.2%. VI may be a useful biomarker of characteristic features of major depression, contribute to differentiating bipolar and unipolar depression, and help to detect risk of suicide. An objective biomarker of suicide-risk could be advantageous when patients are unwilling or unable to share suicidal thinking with clinicians
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