5,453 research outputs found
Treatment of bimodality in proficiency test of pH in bioethanol matrix
The pH value in bioethanol is a quality control parameter related to its
acidity and to the corrosiveness of vehicle engines when it is used as fuel. In
order to verify the comparability and reliability of the measurement of pH in
bioethanol matrix among some experienced chemical laboratories, reference
material (RM) of bioethanol developed by Inmetro - the Brazilian National
Metrology Institute - was used in a proficiency testing (PT) scheme. There was
a difference of more than one unit in the value of the pH measured due to the
type of internal filling electrolytic solutions (potassium chloride, KCl or
lithium chloride, LiCl) from the commercial pH combination electrodes used by
the participant laboratories. Therefore, bimodal distribution has occurred from
the data of this PT scheme. This work aims to present the possibilities that a
PT scheme provider can use to overcome the bimodality problem. Data from the PT
of pH in bioethanol were treated by two different statistical approaches:
kernel density model and the mixture of distributions. Application of these
statistical treatments improved the initial diagnoses of PT provider, by
solving bimodality problem and contributing for a better performance evaluation
in measuring pH of bioethanol.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Accreditation and
Quality Assurance (ACQUAL
Modeling electrodialysis and a photochemical process for their integration in saline wastewater treatment.
Oxidation processes can be used to treat industrial wastewater containing non-biodegradable organic compounds. However, the presence of dissolved salts may inhibit or retard the treatment process. In this study, wastewater desalination by electrodialysis (ED) associated with an advanced oxidation process (photo-Fenton) was applied to an aqueous NaCl solution containing phenol. The influence of process variables on the demineralization factor was investigated for ED in pilot scale and a correlation was obtained between the phenol, salt and water fluxes with the driving force. The oxidation process was investigated in a laboratory batch reactor and a model based on artificial neural networks was developed by fitting the experimental data describing the reaction rate as a function of the input variables. With the experimental parameters of both processes, a dynamic model was developed for ED and a continuous model, using a plug flow reactor approach, for the oxidation process. Finally, the hybrid model simulation could validate different scenarios of the integrated system and can be used for process optimization
Two Superconducting Phases in CeRh_1-xIr_xIn_5
Pressure studies of CeRh_1-xIr_xIn_5 indicate two superconducting phases as a
function of x, one with T_c >= 2 K for x < 0.9 and the other with T_c < 1.2 K
for x > 0.9. The higher T_c phase, phase-1, emerges in proximity to an
antiferromagnetic quantum-critical point; whereas, Cooper pairing in the lower
T_c phase-2 is inferred to arise from fluctuations of a yet to be found
magnetic state. The T-x-P phase diagram of CeRh_1-xIr_xIn_5, though
qualitatively similar, is distinctly different from that of
CeCu_2(Si_1-xGe_x)_2.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
The Collins-Roscoe mechanism and D-spaces
We prove that if a space X is well ordered , or linearly
semi-stratifiable, or elastic then X is a D-space
Generalized partition functions and interpolating statistics
We show that the assumption of quasiperiodic boundary conditions (those that
interpolate continuously periodic and antiperiodic conditions) in order to
compute partition functions of relativistic particles in 2+1 space-time can be
related with anyonic physics. In particular, in the low temperature limit, our
result leads to the well known second virial coefficient for anyons. Besides,
we also obtain the high temperature limit as well as the full temperature
dependence of this coefficient.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, updated and enlarged versio
- …