DESAFIOS DA GESTÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA PÚBLICA PARA ALÉM DA EDUCAÇÃO DO CAPITAL

Este trabalho constitui uma investigação quanto às habilidades que o gestor universitário público deve apresentar para enfrentar desafios, crises e influências externas provocados pela lógica incorrigível do capitalismo, sob a ótica de Mézsáros. A pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a opinião dos gestores universitários públicos quanto às suas habilidades específicas, ao maior desafio da democratização do acesso à educação superior e às ações afirmativas como políticas de inclusão, justiça e mobilidade social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo que teve como instrumento de coleta de dados o questionário aplicado a 15 gestores universitários públicos. Os dados foram coletados, analisados e tabulados. Os resultados indicam que o gestor universitário público deve apresentar várias habilidades específicas para enfrentar desafios, dentre elas, a capacidade de tomada de decisão e o maior desafio da democratização do acesso à educação superior é o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento educacional dos alunos oriundos do acesso via ações afirmativas, sendo que estas, são, parcialmente, consideradas políticas de inclusão conforme a opinião dos gestores

Avaliação de aprendizagem em disciplinas de curso técnico a distância

Este artigo relata a avaliação de um curso a distância e a análise do relacionamento entre estratégias de aprendizagem, características demográficas, reação ao curso e aprendizagem. Participaram da pesquisa cerca de 2.368 estudantes, que responderam questionários através do ambiente virtual do curso, ao final de cada disciplina. Os participantes possuíam, em média, 19,4 anos de idade (DP = 5,24), residiam na região Centro-Oeste (87,8%) e pertenciam ao sexo masculino (77,1%). Foram testados três modelos de regressão múltipla padrão com aprendizagem como variável critério, medida em termos das notas dos estudantes em atividades avaliativas realizadas ao longo e ao final de cada disciplina. Os resultados mostraram que idade, localização da escola, auto-avaliação de aprendizagem, reações aos procedimentos instrucionais e aos resultados do curso explicaram uma pequena, mas estatisticamente significativa porção da variabilidade das médias finais de aprendizagem. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe present paper aims to report results from an analysis of the relationship among course reaction, learning strategies, demographic characteristic and learning in a distance course context. Approximately 2,368 students constituted the sample of this research. At the end of each lecture, all of them responded to questionnaires hosted at school virtual environment. The students that participated in this study were 19.4 years old (SD = 5.24), were located in the center-west region (87.8%) and were males (77.1%). Three multiple regression analyses were made with learning as the criteria variable. Learning was measured as student's average in evaluation exercises and tests taken during the course and at the end of it. The results showed that age, school location, learning self-evaluation, instructional design reactions and course results reactions explained a small but statistically significant portion of the variability of learning. At the end of this paper, contributions and limitations of this research are discussed

Correlation between the audiologic findings and buzz disturbing

INTRODUÇÃO: A correlação da perda auditiva com o zumbido pode ser justificada se considerarmos que esta é o fator desencadeante do zumbido, uma vez que danos ou degenerações da orelha interna e do nervo vestibulococlear podem ser geradores do zumbido. Segundo os diferentes relatos, 85 a 96% dos pacientes com zumbido apresentam algum grau de perda auditiva. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar o sexo, idade, grau e tipo de perda auditiva com o incômodo ocasionado pela presença do zumbido dos pacientes da clínica de Dispositivos Eletrônicos Aplicados a Surdez. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de natureza exploratória de 100 prontuários de indivíduos regularmente matriculados na Clínica de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo FOB/USP com uso do instrumento THI (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory). RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: O sexo, a idade assim como o grau de perda auditiva não possuem influência sobre o incômodo gerado pelo zumbido, porém a ocorrência da perda auditiva em portadores de zumbido é progressivamente maior conforme o avanço da idade e em indivíduos com perda auditiva do tipo sensorioneural.INTRODUCTION: The correlation of the auditive lost with buzz can be justified if we consider that this is a triggering buzz, once that the injury or internal ear degeneracy and of the vestibularcoclear can be the buzz generators. Accordingly with the different reports 85% to 96% of patients with buzz show some degree or auditive lost. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the sex, age, degree and type of auditive lost with triggering produced by buzz's presence in the patients of Clinica de Dispositivos Eletronicos Aplicados à Surdez.(Clinic of Eletronic Dispositives Related to Deafness). METHOD: Retrospective study of exploratory nature in 100 individuals handbooks regularly matriculated in Clinica de Fonoaudiologia from Faculdade de Odontologia of Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo FOB/USP with the usage of THI instrument (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION : Sex, age and also degree of auditive lost do not have influence over the triggering produced by the buzz, but the auditive lost occurrence in buzz potter is progressively major accordingly with age improvement and in individual with auditive lost from sensorioneural type

A novel risk-based decision-making paradigm

This paper presents a novel rodent decision-making task that explores uncertainty, independently of expectation and predictability. Using a 5-hole operating box, adult male Wistar rats were given choices between a small certain (safe) food reward and a large uncertain (risk) food reward. We found that animals strongly preferred the safe option when it had a fixed position or was cued with a light in a random placement scheme, but had no preference for safe or risk options when the latter were associated with light. Importantly, when the reward was manipulated animals could perceive alterations in the outcome value and biased their choice pattern to the most profitable option. In addition, we found that the D2/D3 agonist quinpirole biased all decisions toward risk in this paradigm. Finally, a c-fos analysis revealed that several brain areas known to be involved in decision-making mechanisms, including the medial prefrontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the nucleus accumbens and the striatum, were activated by the task. In summary, this paradigm is a useful and highly reliable tool to explore decision-making processes in contexts of uncertainty.Pedro Morgado is supported by a fellowship "SFRH/SINTD/60129/2009" funded by FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology. Supported by FEDER funds through Operational program for competitive factors-COMPETE and by national funds through FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology to project "PTDC/SAU-NSC/111814/2009.

Extracellular vesicles: structure, function, and potential clinical uses in renal diseases

Interest in the role of extracellular vesicles in various diseases including cancer has been increasing. Extracellular vesicles include microvesicles, exosomes, apoptotic bodies, and argosomes, and are classified by size, content, synthesis, and function. Currently, the best characterized are exosomes and microvesicles. Exosomes are small vesicles (40- 100 nm) involved in intercellular communication regardless of the distance between them. They are found in various biological fluids such as plasma, serum, and breast milk, and are formed from multivesicular bodies through the inward budding of the endosome membrane. Microvesicles are 100-1000 nm vesicles released from the cell by the outward budding of the plasma membrane. the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles is very broad, with applications including a route of drug delivery and as biomarkers for diagnosis. Extracellular vesicles extracted from stem cells may be used for treatment of many diseases including kidney diseases. This review highlights mechanisms of synthesis and function, and the potential uses of wellcharacterized extracellular vesicles, mainly exosomes, with a special focus on renal functions and diseases.Univ Fed Paulista, Dept Med, Div Nefrol, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Cruzeiro Sul, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Saude Ciencias Biol & S, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Paulista, Dept Med, Div Nefrol, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Host-Guest interaction between herbicide oxadiargyl and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

In the face of a growing human population and increased urbanization, the demand for pesticides will simply rise. Farmers must escalate yields on increasingly fewer farm acres. However, the risks of pesticides, whether real or perceived, may force changes in the way these chemicals are used. Scientists are working toward pest control plans that are environmentally sound, effective, and profitable. In this context the development of new pesticide formulations which may improve application effectiveness, safety, handling, and storage can be pointed out as a solution. As a contribution to the area, the microencapsulation of the herbicide oxadiargyl (OXA) in (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was performed. The study was conducted in different aqueous media (ultrapure water and in different pH buffer solutions). In all cases an increment of the oxadiargyl solubility as a function of the HP-β-CD concentration that has been related to the formation of an inclusion complex was verified. UV-Vis and NMR experiments allowed concluding that the stoichiometry of the OXA/HP-β-CD complex formed is 1 : 1. The gathered results can be regarded as an important step for its removal from industrial effluents and/or to increase the stabilizing action, encapsulation, and adsorption in water treatment plants

Antioxidant properties of hydroxycinnamic acids: a review of structure- activity relationships

Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are important phytochemicals possessing significant biological properties. Several investigators have studied in vitro antioxidant activity of HCAs in detail. In this review, we have gathered the studies focused on the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of these compounds that have used medicinal chemistry to generate more potent antioxidant molecules. Most of the reports indicated that the presence of an unsaturated bond on the side chain of HCAs is vital to their activity. The structural features that were reported to be of importance to the antioxidant activity were categorized as follows: modifications of the aromatic ring, which include alterations in the number and position of hydroxy groups and insertion of electron donating or withdrawing moieties as well as modifications of the carboxylic function that include esterification and amidation process. Furthermore, reports that have addressed the influence of physicochemical properties including redox potential, lipid solubility and dissociation constant on the antioxidant activity were also summarized. Finally, the pro-oxidant effect of HCAs in some test systems was addressed. Most of the investigations concluded that the presence of ortho-dihydroxy phenyl group (catechol moiety) is of significant importance to the antioxidant activity, while, the presence of three hydroxy groups does not necessarily improve the activity. Optimization of the structure of molecular leads is an important task of modern medicinal chemistry and its accomplishment relies on the careful assessment of SARs. SAR studies on HCAs can identify the most successful antioxidants that could be useful for management of oxidative stress-related diseases

Assistência de enfermagem na creche pertinho da mamãe

Trabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.O Projeto de Extensão "Assistência de Enfermagem no Centro de Educação Infantil Pertinho da Mamãe da UEM" teve início em abril de 2006, e conta com a participação de docentes, alunos de graduação e de pós-graduação em enfermagem. O projeto desenvolve atividades voltadas ao atendimento integral das crianças, trabalhando junto à equipe de saúde e educação da instituição, bem como junto aos pais das crianças matriculadas, com o objetivo de integrar o cuidado e a educação, de modo a melhorar a qualidade da assistência do CEI. A educação em saúde e o compartilhamento de experiências entre a equipe de enfermagem, docentes, alunos e usuários proporciona um crescimento conjunto e a integração de saberes, em direção a uma consciência articulada com a prática, contribuindo desta maneira para a construção da autonomia dos sujeitos envolvidos, por meio da qualificação da assistência em saúde e do desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas voltadas a esta realidade de atuação do enfermeiro

Noncrystalline uric acid inhibits proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in distal tubular epithelial cells (MDCK)

Hyperuricemia is associated with renal stones, not only consisting of uric acid (UrAc) but also of calcium oxalate (CaOx). Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are well-known inhibitors of growth and aggregation of CaOx crystals. We analyzed the effect of noncrystalline UrAc on GAG synthesis in tubular distal cells. MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells were exposed to noncrystalline UrAc (80 µg/mL) for 24 h. GAGs were labeled metabolically and characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of proteoglycans and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was assessed by real-time PCR. Necrosis, apoptosis and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined by acridine orange, HOESCHT 33346, and ELISA, respectively. CaOx crystal endocytosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Noncrystalline UrAc significantly decreased the synthesis and secretion of heparan sulfate into the culture medium (UrAc: 2127 ± 377; control: 4447 ± 730 cpm) and decreased the expression of perlecan core protein (UrAc: 0.61 ± 0.13; control: 1.07 ± 0.16 arbitrary units), but not versican. Noncrystalline UrAc did not induce necrosis or apoptosis, but significantly increased COX-2 and PGE2 production. The effects of noncrystalline UrAc on GAG synthesis could not be attributed to inflammatory actions because lipopolysaccharide, as the positive control, did not have the same effect. CaOx was significantly endocytosed by MDCK cells, but this endocytosis was inhibited by exposure to noncrystalline UrAc (control: 674.6 ± 4.6, CaOx: 724.2 ± 4.2, and UrAc + CaOx: 688.6 ± 5.4 geometric mean), perhaps allowing interaction with CaOx crystals. Our results indicate that UrAc decreases GAG synthesis in MDCK cells and this effect could be related to the formation of UrAc and CaOx stones.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FINEPFundacao Oswaldo Ramos (FOR)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Medicina Disciplina de NefrologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Bioquímica Disciplina de Biologia MolecularUNIFESP, Depto. de Medicina Disciplina de NefrologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Bioquímica Disciplina de Biologia MolecularSciEL

Evaluation of soil-water parameters of a Red Latosol under pasture and 'cerrado'

O objetivo primeiro neste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisico-hídrica do solo em áreas sob pastejo, em relação a um cerrado natural. Os tratamentos foram: cerrado natural, cerrado antropizado (pastejado na estação seca) e três pastagens cultivadas, com diferentes graus de cobertura do solo. O estudo foi realizado na Embrapa Cerrados em um Latossolo Vermelho, nas camadas de 0-5, 10-15, 40-55 e 70-80 cm, cujos parâmetros avaliados foram condutividade hidráulica saturada (Ks), capacidade de água disponível (CAD), densidade do solo (Ds) e macroporosidade (Ma). A qualidade fisico-hídrica do solo nas áreas sob pastejo foi analisada tendo-se como referência os parâmetros medidos no cerrado natural. Observou-se semelhança estatística da CAD na camada 0-5 cm para todas as áreas mas ocorreu drástica redução da saturação efetiva nas áreas sob pastejo, explicada principalmente pela queda na macroporosidade. A redução média da Ma foi de 70,8%, ocasionando um decréscimo da ordem de 73,6% da Ks nos primeiros 15 cm das áreas sob pastejo, podendo-se concluir que a camada superficial do solo foi a mais afetada pelo pastejo, com perda significativa da qualidade fisico-hídrica e previsível redução na capacidade de infiltração da água no solo. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the soil-water quality under grazing pastures in comparison to a natural 'cerrado' (savanna). The treatments were: natural 'cerrado', grazed 'cerrado' during the dry season, and three cultivated pastures with different degrees of soil covering. The research was conducted at the Embrapa Cerrados, on a Red Latosol in the 0-5, 10-15, 40-55, and 70-80 cm soil layers, in which the following parameters were quantified: saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), available water capacity (CAD), soil bulk density (Ds), and macroporosity (Ma). The soil-water quality was determined by taking as references the corresponding parameters measured in the natural 'cerrado'. Statistical similarity of CAD values in the 0-5 cm soil layer for all treatments was observed. However, there was a drastic reduction of the effective saturation in the treatments of grazed areas, mainly explained by the reduction in macroporosity. The mean decrease in Ma was 70.8%, causing a 73.6% decline in Ks in the 15 cm upper soil layer of the grazed areas, which led to the conclusion that the surface soil layers were the most affected by the grazing activity, with significant deterioration of their soil-water quality and a predictable reduction in water-infiltration capacity