A Note on the Use of Ethnomedicine in Treatment of Diabetes by Mishing Communities

Ethnomedicinal field survey was conducted in few places of Sonitpur district and near by areas of Lakhimpur district of Assam, where diverse ethnic groups are living since time immemorial. The ethnic groups have very rich tradition of herbal medicines used in the treatment of various ailments. Among the tribal communities, Mishings constitute the largest group along with Bodos. The ethnomedicinal information was collected on the basis of interview and field studies with local healers among those communities. The identification of medicinal plants collected with help of indigenous healers was done. Such medicines have been shown to have significant healing power, either in their natural state or as the source of new products processed by them. Generally these formulations of crude products are considered moderate in efficacy and thus less toxic than most pharmaceutical agents. Our study is mainly concentrated with plants used in relation to cure of diabetes. In our report detail note on the method of preparation of precise dose, the part/parts of plants used and method of application is given. Scientific name, vernacular names and family names of collected plants are also given in the report

A Note on the use of Ethnomedicine in Treatment of Diabetes by Mishing Communities in Assam, India

Ethnomedicinal field surveys were conducted in several places of Sonitpur district and near by areas of Lakhimpur district in Assam, where diverse ethnic groups have lived since time immemorial. The ethnic groups have very rich tradition of herbal medicines used in the treatment of various ailments. Among the tribal communities, Mishings constitute the largest group along with Bodos. The ethnomedicinal information was collected on the basis of interview and field studies with local healers among those communities. Medicinal plants were collected and identified with help from indigenous healers. Such medicines have been shown to have significant healing power, either in their natural state or as the source of new products processed by them. Generally these formulations of crude products are considered moderate in efficacy and thus less toxic than most pharmaceutical agents. Our study is mainly concentrated with plants used in relation to cure of diabetes. In our report, detailed notes on the method of preparation, precise dosage, the part/parts of plants used and method of application is given. Scientific name, vernacular names and family names of the collected plants are also given in this report

Quasi-Degenerate Neutrinos in Type II Seesaw Models

We present an analysis of normal and inverted hierarchical neutrino mass models within the framework of tri-bi-maximal (TBM) mixing. Considering the neutrinos to be quasi-degenerate (QDN), we study two different neutrino mass models with mass eigenvalues $(m_1, -m_2, m_3)$ and $(m_1, m_2, m_3)$ for both normal hierarchical (NH) and inverted hierarchical (IH) cases. Parameterizing the neutrino mass matrix using best fit oscillation and cosmology data for a QDN scenario, we find the right-handed Majorana mass matrix using type I seesaw formula for two types of Dirac neutrino mass matrices: charged lepton (CL) type and up quark (UQ) type. Incorporating the presence of type II seesaw term which arises naturally in generic left-right symmetric models (LRSM) along with type I term, we compare the predictions for neutrino mass parameters with the experimental values. Within such a framework and incorporating both oscillation as well as cosmology data, we show that QDN scenario of neutrino masses can still survive in nature with some minor exceptions. A viable extension of the standard model with an abelian gauged flavor symmetry is briefly discussed which can give rise to the desired structure of the Dirac and Majorana mass matrices.Comment: Version 2: Typos corrected, texts+tables rearranged, conclusion unchanged. Accepted for publication in Physical Review

On spectra of Hermitian Randic matrix of second kind

We propose the Hermitian Randi\'c matrix $R^\omega(X)=(R^\omega_{ij})$, where $\omega=\frac{1+i \sqrt{3}}{2}$ and $R^\omega_{ij}={1}/{\sqrt{d_id_j}}$ if $v_iv_j$ is an unoriented edge, ${\omega}/{\sqrt{d_id_j}}$ if $v_i\rightarrow v_j$, ${\overline{\omega}}/{\sqrt{d_id_j}}$ if $v_i\leftarrow v_j$, and 0 otherwise. This appears to be more natural because of $\omega+\overline{\omega}=1$ and $|\omega|=1$. In this paper, we investigate some features of this novel Hermitian matrix and study a few properties like positiveness, bipartiteness, edge-interlacing etc. We also compute the characteristic polynomial for this new matrix and obtain some upper and lower bounds for the eigenvalues and the energy of this matrix

Rhabdomyolysis with acute kidney injury after single episode of generalized seizure in a known case of epilepsy: a case report

Rhabdomyolysis is defined as breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers with subsequent release of its cellular components into the circulation. It is associated with variety of causes and status epilepticus is one of it. The excessive muscular activity associated with seizure is possible explanation for it. It is clinically evident by the new onset severe generalized bodyache, weakness and myalgia associated with dark coloured urine. Acute kidney injury is one of the most serious complications associted with rhabdomyolysis. Single episode of generalized seizure is not a frequent cause for rhabdomyolysis. Acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis, following a single episode of seizure is a rare entity. Here we report a case of rhabdomyolysis with acute kidney injury following a single episode of generalized seizure. High index of suspicion is required to timely diagnose and treat such patients. Timely intervention with hemodialysis along with other supportive care can completely revert this potentially serious complication to normal

To study the pattern of suspected adverse drug reactions in patients coming to the department of dermatology in Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India

Background: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the commonest ADRs (30-45%) and are responsible for about 2% of hospital admissions. This study was conducted to study the pattern of ADRs coming to the department of dermatology in a Tertiary Health Care Hospital. The objectives of the study were to assess the causality, severity, preventability, age distribution, sex distribution and the reactions occurring.Methods: Cross-sectional study. The suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported from the department of dermatology in the Spontaneous ADR reporting form was analysed in this study over a period of one year.Results: A total of 513 cases of reported ADRs were analysed. The highest number of ADRs was reported in the Age group 21-40 years with female preponderance. Erythematous maculopapular lesions were the most common ADR and maximum cases of ADRs were observed with steroids. Most cases were found to be probable (causality assessment), of mild severity and were probably preventable.Conclusions: The study showed that a number of drugs cause dermatological ADRs. These ADRs vary in their appearance, duration, causality, severity, and preventability

Radiative corrections to inverse muon decay for accelerator neutrinos

Inverse muon decay ($\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$) is a promising tool to constrain neutrino fluxes with energies $E_{\nu} \ge 10.9~\mathrm{GeV}$. Radiative corrections introduce percent-level distortions to energy spectra of outgoing muons and depend on experimental details. In this paper, we generalize the calculation of radiative corrections in muon decay to the scattering processes $\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$ and $\bar{\nu}_e e^- \to \bar{\nu}_\mu \mu^-$. We evaluate virtual and real $\mathrm{O} \left( \alpha \right)$ contributions and present the muon energy spectrum for both channels, double-differential distributions in muon energy and muon scattering angle, in photon energy and photon scattering angle, and photon energy spectrum for the dominant $\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$ process. We discuss how radiative corrections modify experimentally interesting distributions.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, v2, structure changed, new cross sections adde

Adsorption and surface complexation of trimesic acid at the alpha-Alumina electrolyte interface

Adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms and surface complexation of trimesic acid onto α-alumina surfaces were investigated. Adsorption kinetics of trimesic acid with an initial concentration of 0.5 mM onto α-alumina surfaces were carried out in batch method in presence of 0.05 mM NaCl(aq) at pH 6 and 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K. Adsorption isotherms were carried out at 298.15 K, pH 5–9, and 0.05 mMNaCl(aq) by varying trimesic acid concentration from 0.01 to 0.6 mM. Three kinetics equations such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Ho equations were used to estimate the kinetics parameters of the adsorption of trimesic acid on the α-alumina surfaces. Ho equation fits the experimental kinetics data significantly better and the estimated equilibrium concentration is in excellent agreement with the experimental value. The adsorption data were fitted to Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption model and the later best fits the adsorption isotherms. Comparison of adsorption density of trimesic acid with that of benzoic and phthalic acids follows the sequence: benzoic acid < trimesic acid < phthalic acid. The negative activation energy and the Gibbs free energy for adsorption indicate that the adsorption of trimesic acid onto α-alumina is spontaneous and facile. DRIFT spectroscopic studies reveal that trimesate forms outer-sphere complexes with the surface hydroxyl groups that are generated onto α-alumina surfaces in the pH range of the stud

Measurement based estimator scheme for continuous quantum error correction

Canonical discrete quantum error correction (DQEC) schemes use projective von Neumann measurements on stabilizers to discretize the error syndromes into a finite set, and fast unitary gates are applied to recover the corrupted information. Quantum error correction (QEC) based on continuous measurement, known as continuous quantum error correction (CQEC), in principle, can be executed faster than DQEC and can also be resource efficient. However, CQEC requires meticulous filtering of noisy continuous measurement data to reliably extract error syndromes on the basis of which errors could be detected. In this paper, we show that by constructing a measurement-based estimator (MBE) of the logical qubit to be protected, which is driven by the noisy continuous measurement currents of the stabilizers, it is possible to accurately track the errors occurring on the physical qubits in real time. We use this MBE to develop a continuous quantum error correction (MBE-CQEC) scheme that can protect the logical qubit to a high degree, surpassing the performance of DQEC, and also allows QEC to be conducted either immediately or in delayed time with instantaneous feedbacks.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, journal articl

Reactor mixing angle from hybrid neutrino masses

In terms of its eigenvector decomposition, the neutrino mass matrix (in the basis where the charged lepton mass matrix is diagonal) can be understood as originating from a tribimaximal dominant structure with small deviations, as demanded by data. If neutrino masses originate from at least two different mechanisms, referred to as "hybrid neutrino masses", the experimentally observed structure naturally emerges provided one mechanism accounts for the dominant tribimaximal structure while the other is responsible for the deviations. We demonstrate the feasibility of this picture in a fairly model-independent way by using lepton-number-violating effective operators, whose structure we assume becomes dictated by an underlying $A_4$ flavor symmetry. We show that if a second mechanism is at work, the requirement of generating a reactor angle within its experimental range always fixes the solar and atmospheric angles in agreement with data, in contrast to the case where the deviations are induced by next-to-leading order effective operators. We prove this idea is viable by constructing an $A_4$-based ultraviolet completion, where the dominant tribimaximal structure arises from the type-I seesaw while the subleading contribution is determined by either type-II or type-III seesaw driven by a non-trivial $A_4$ singlet (minimal hybrid model). After finding general criteria, we identify all the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetries capable of producing such $A_4$-based minimal hybrid models.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures. v3: section including sum rules added, accepted by JHE