Prevalence and assessment of the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in gynaecology out patients in a tertiary care centre

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the complaint of involuntary leakage of urine during increased abdominal pressure in the absence of detrusor contraction. Although not a life-threatening condition, stress urinary incontinence causes various physical, psychological, and sexual problems for millions of women and their families. Although these conditions are highly prevalent, they are not often reported by patients. This was the reason for the study; to find out the prevalence and the associated risk factors.Methods: A total of 400 patients presenting in the gynaecology outpatient department with various complaints were studied. A detailed history was taken, and examination was done. Urine microscopy and culture studies were done and whenever found positive; the infection was treated. Bonney’s test was done on full bladder.Results: Stress urinary incontinence was diagnosed in 41 (10.30%) of the women. The most common co morbidity was found to be tuberculosis and other lung diseases. Among the study population, 4% of women had culture positive urinary tract infection.Conclusions: Stress urinary incontinence was seen in 10.30% of the study population. It was seen more commonly among the elderly. Urine routine and microscopy was done for all patients complaining of leakage of urine or any other urinary complaints

EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT) AND MEDITATION IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN

Abstract –   Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent and often disabling condition among adults. Meditation is a practice which uses a technique like mindfulness, or focusing their mind on a particular thought, activity - to train awareness, achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state. Cognitive – behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that has been documented to be effective in treating depression, chronic pain and other mental disorders. Aim:  To compare the effects of both, CBT and Meditation on pain management in CLBP. Method: 27 patients with CLBP between the age group of 36-50 yrs were selected. They were divided into 3 groups. A 4 week intervention of conventional physiotherapeutic exercises, Meditation and CBT was given. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale were used as outcome measures. Results: Our study shows significant results pre and post all interventions, but no significant difference can be seen when the three interventions are compared to each other (with p<0.05) Conclusion: On the basis of the result obtained, we can say that all three interventions have a positive effect in pain reduction in CLBP.Statistically, no intervention has a better effect over others. But clinically meditation group performed better

Multi-objective optimal seismic design of buildings using advanced engineering materials

Although seismic safety remains a major concern of society--and unfortunately this observation has been underpinned by recent earthquakes--economy and sustainability in seismic design are growing issues that the engineering community must face due to increasing human population and excessive use of the earth???s nonrenewable resources. Previous studies have addressed the design and assessment of buildings under seismic loading considering a single objective, namely, safety. Seismic design codes and regulations also center on this objective. The goal of this study is to develop a framework that concurrently addresses the societal-level objectives of safety, economy and sustainability using consistent tools at every component of the analysis. To this end, a high-performance material; namely, engineered cementitious composites (ECC) is utilized. ECC is classified under the general class of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC); however, ECC is superior to conventional FRC in many aspects, but most importantly in its properties of energy absorption, shear resistance and damage tolerance, all of which are utilized in the proposed procedure. The behavior of ECC is characterized through an experimental program at the small-scale (scale factor equal to 1/8). Numerical modeling of ECC is also performed to carry out structural level simulations to complement the experimental data. A constitutive model is developed for ECC and validated at the material, component and system levels. Additionally, a parametric study of ECC columns is performed to investigate the effect of material tensile properties on the structural level response metrics. Reducing the LCC of buildings (through reductions in material usage and seismic damage cost) is required to achieve the objectives of economy and sustainability. A rigorous LCC formulation that uses advanced analysis for structural assessment, and that takes into account all sources of uncertainty, is used along with an efficient search algorithm to compare the optimal design solutions. A novel aspect of this work is that three different structural frames are considered, RC, ECC and a multi-material frame in which ECC is deployed only at the critical locations (e.g. plastic hinges) to improve seismic performance. By considering the inelastic behavior of structures and incorporating all the required components, the proposed framework is generic and applicable to other types of construction such as bridges, to other innovative materials such as high performance steels, and to other extreme loading scenarios such as wind and blast.unpublishednot peer reviewe

EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT) AND MEDITATION IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN

Abstract –   Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent and often disabling condition among adults. Meditation is a practice which uses a technique like mindfulness, or focusing their mind on a particular thought, activity - to train awareness, achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state. Cognitive – behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that has been documented to be effective in treating depression, chronic pain and other mental disorders. Aim:  To compare the effects of both, CBT and Meditation on pain management in CLBP. Method: 27 patients with CLBP between the age group of 36-50 yrs were selected. They were divided into 3 groups. A 4 week intervention of conventional physiotherapeutic exercises, Meditation and CBT was given. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale were used as outcome measures. Results: Our study shows significant results pre and post all interventions, but no significant difference can be seen when the three interventions are compared to each other (with p<0.05) Conclusion: On the basis of the result obtained, we can say that all three interventions have a positive effect in pain reduction in CLBP.Statistically, no intervention has a better effect over others. But clinically meditation group performed better

Estimate of CP Violation for the LBNE Project and $\delta_{CP}

Measurements of CP violation (CPV) and the basic $\delta_{CP}$ parameter are the goals of the LBNE Project, which is being planned. Using the expected energy and baseline parameters for the LBNE Project, CPV and the dependence of CPV on $\delta_{CP}$ are estimated, to help in the planning of this project.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur

Pulsed x-rays dose measurements from a hundred joules plasma focus device

Indexación: Scopus.Present work is aimed to perform dosimetric measurements to characterize dosis obtained from pulsed x-rays emitted from a hundred joules plasma focus device PF-400J using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100). Two dosimeter arrays (containing 21 dosimeters in each) were used. One of the arrays was kept inside the PF-400J vacuum chamber and other outside the vacuum chamber, simultaneously. It was found that dosis obtained from the inside array (∼200.7 mGy) were hundred times larger than the outside array (∼1.1 mGy) for hundred pulses of x-rays. Later, the vacuum window of PF-400J, which was made of 1 mm aluminum, was replaced by a plastic window and a similar dosimeter array was kept outside the chamber over the plastic window. With this arrangement, the obtained doses (100 pulses of x-rays) were of the same order of magnitude (∼106 mGy) as it was inside the vacuum chamber. Later, a lead piece was inserted inside the hollow anode of PF-400J, which increased dose (∼250 mGy) per hundred pulses of x-ray outside the vacuum chamber using plastic vacuum window. Our results suggest that PF-400J could be a useful device to study low dose pulsed radiation effects on cancer cell lines in in vitro experiments. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work is supported by grant ACT-1115, CONICYT, Chile.https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1043/1/01204

Respons Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Kacang Hijau terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan

Cekaman kekeringan menjadi masalah yang perlu diperhatikan dalam budi daya kacang hijau di lahan kering, mengingat ketersediaan air yang relatif terbatas terutama pada musim kemarau. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi aksesi-aksesi kacang hijau terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Sebanyak lima puluh aksesi plasma nutfah kacang hijau yang terdiri atas varietas unggul nasional, dan varietas lokal koleksi Bank Gen BB Biogen digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengujian kekeringan dilaksanakan di KP Naibonat, BPTP NTT, Kupang pada tahun 2013. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah 3 ulangan, di mana petak utama adalah kondisi tanah (normal dan kekeringan) dan anak petak adalah 50 aksesi kacang hijau. Pada kondisi normal (N) tanah pada setiap petak selalu dalam keadaan cukup air hingga seminggu menjelang panen (disiram sesuai keperluan). Pada kondisi kekeringan (K) tanah tidak disiram semenjak umur 4 minggu setelah tanaman hingga panen. Setiap galur ditanam 2 tanaman per rumpun, pada jarak 40 cm × 20 cm dalam petakan 2 m × 3 m. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap hasil biji dan karakter agronomi penting lainnya. Toleransi kekeringan dinilai berdasarkan persentase penurunan hasil pada kondisi kekeringan dibanding dengan kondisi normal. Untuk melihat keeratan hubungan antarkarakter agronomis dilakukan uji korelasi. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, diperoleh 11 aksesi plasma nutfah yang toleran, lima aksesi di antaranya tergolong paling toleran dengan penurunan hasil pada kondisi kekeringan lebih rendah dibanding dengan varietas toleran lainnya. Kelima varietas tersebut adalah Walet, Kenari, Merak, Sriti, dan Lokal Pameungpeuk. Korelasi antarkarakter agronomi (komponen hasil) dengan hasil biji plasma nutfah kacang hijau pada kondisi normal dan kekeringan relatif sama