Aspectos relacionados a orientação dos pais de portadores de distrofia muscular

Orientador : Roseli de C. BauhuelMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de EDucação, Curso de Especializaçao em Educação Especia

Blunt abdominal trauma in children: Duodenal burst injury management.

n/

Emergency laparoscopic surgery for post-traumatic incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia: Defect closure and intraperitoneal mesh manual fixation.

n/

Impact of Anatomical Variability on Sensitivity Profile in fNIRS-MRI Integration

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an important non-invasive technique used to monitor cortical activity. However, a varying sensitivity of surface channels vs. cortical structures may suggest integrating the fNIRS with the subject-specific anatomy (SSA) obtained from routine MRI. Actual processing tools permit the computation of the SSA forward problem (i.e., cortex to channel sensitivity) and next, a regularized solution of the inverse problem to map the fNIRS signals onto the cortex. The focus of this study is on the analysis of the forward problem to quantify the effect of inter-subject variability. Thirteen young adults (six males, seven females, age 29.3 +/- 4.3) underwent both an MRI scan and a motor grasping task with a continuous wave fNIRS system of 102 measurement channels with optodes placed according to a 10/5 system. The fNIRS sensitivity profile was estimated using Monte Carlo simulations on each SSA and on three major atlases (i.e., Colin27, ICBM152 and FSAverage) for comparison. In each SSA, the average sensitivity curves were obtained by aligning the 102 channels and segmenting them by depth quartiles. The first quartile (depth < 11.8 (0.7) mm, median (IQR)) covered 0.391 (0.087)% of the total sensitivity profile, while the second one (depth < 13.6 (0.7) mm) covered 0.292 (0.009)%, hence indicating that about 70% of the signal was from the gyri. The sensitivity bell-shape was broad in the source-detector direction (20.953 (5.379) mm FWHM, first depth quartile) and steeper in the transversal one (6.082 (2.086) mm). The sensitivity of channels vs. different cortical areas based on SSA were analyzed finding high dispersions among subjects and large differences with atlas-based evaluations. Moreover, the inverse cortical mapping for the grasping task showed differences between SSA and atlas based solutions. In conclusion, integration with MRI SSA can significantly improve fNIRS interpretation

Determinação da resistência flexural de cimentos resinosos comerciais, com variação do sistema de ativação e tempo de armazenamento pós-ativação

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia.Este estudo investigou a resistência flexural de amostras confeccionadas com os cimentos resinosos duais Enforce, RelyX CRA e Variolink II submetidas à dupla ativação ou apenas à ativação química, aos trinta minutos e vinte e quatro horas após o início da polimerização. O cimento Enforce apresentou os valores mais altos de resistência flexural, independentemente do tipo de ativação e do tempo de armazenamento. No período de 30 minutos de armazenamento, não foram observadas significâncias estatísticas entre os materiais e a dupla ativação. Já, na polimerização química, o Enforce foi superior aos outros materiais testados neste mesmo tipo de polimerização. No período de 24 horas de armazenamento, não houve significâncias estatísticas na interação materiais x tipos de ativação

Whole-Head Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as an Ecological Monitoring Tool for Assessing Cortical Activity in Parkinson’s Disease Patients at Different Stages

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly employed as an ecological neuroimaging technique in assessing age-related chronic neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), mainly providing a cross-sectional characterization of clinical phenotypes in ecological settings. Current fNIRS studies in PD have investigated the effects of motor and non-motor impairment on cortical activity during gait and postural stability tasks, but no study has employed fNIRS as an ecological neuroimaging tool to assess PD at different stages. Therefore, in this work, we sought to investigate the cortical activity of PD patients during a motor grasping task and its relationship with both the staging of the pathology and its clinical variables. This study considered 39 PD patients (age 69.0 ± 7.64, 38 right-handed), subdivided into two groups at different stages by the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) scale: early PD (ePD; N = 13, HY = [1; 1.5]) and moderate PD (mPD; N = 26, HY = [2; 2.5; 3]). We employed a whole-head fNIRS system with 102 measurement channels to monitor brain activity. Group-level activation maps and region of interest (ROI) analysis were computed for ePD, mPD, and ePD vs. mPD contrasts. A ROI-based correlation analysis was also performed with respect to contrasted subject-level fNIRS data, focusing on age, a Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIQ), disease duration, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and performances in the Stroop Color and Word (SCW) test. We observed group differences in age, disease duration, and the UPDRS, while no significant differences were found for CRIQ or SCW scores. Group-level activation maps revealed that the ePD group presented higher activation in motor and occipital areas than the mPD group, while the inverse trend was found in frontal areas. Significant correlations with CRIQ, disease duration, the UPDRS, and the SCW were mostly found in non-motor areas. The results are in line with current fNIRS and functional and anatomical MRI scientific literature suggesting that non-motor areas—primarily the prefrontal cortex area—provide a compensation mechanism for PD motor impairment. fNIRS may serve as a viable support for the longitudinal assessment of therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures, and define new prodromal, low-cost, and ecological biomarkers of disease progression

A Rare Case of Carney-Stratakis Syndrome in a Patient With SDHA Mutation

n/

Nível econômico de perdas em sistemas de abastecimento de água por distrito de medição e controle

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Selma Aparecida CubasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Hídricos e Ambiental. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/04/2019Inclui referências: p. 185-202Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível econômico de perdas nos distritos de medição e controle (DMCs) pertencentes ao Sistema de Abastecimento Integrado de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana (SAIC), que é de concessão da Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná - SANEPAR. A metodologia da pesquisa foi dividida em quatro etapas: na etapa preliminar foi feita a seleção e levantamento de dados referentes ao período de Janeiro a Dezembro de 2017 para delimitação da área de estudo; na etapa 1 foram determinadas e avaliadas as perdas reais e aparentes por meio do método do balanço hídrico da International Water Association (IWA) e aplicados indicadores e índices de avaliação; na etapa 2 se determinou o nível econômico das perdas reais pelo modelo de Wyatt (2010) e o nível econômico das perdas aparentes pela diretriz de troca de hidrômetro; na etapa 3 foi proposto um modelo simplificado, que integra os aspectos relacionados às perdas de 2017 aos econômicos, utilizando como base os resultados das etapas 1 e 2. Foram selecionados 92 DMCs (84% do SAIC) para avaliação, considerando a disponibilidade de informações ininterrupta dos 12 meses do ano de 2017, sendo que o valor total para as perdas reais foi de 2.577 L/s (78% das perdas totais) o que se aproxima da capacidade de dois sistemas produtores do SAIC, aproximadamente. Avaliando as perdas reais nos diferentes DMCs, observou-se a complexidade do sistema de abastecimento de água (SAA) formado pelo SAIC, em função das diferentes características dos DMCs, incluindo extensão de rede, pressão e número de ligações. Os valores do Indicador de Perdas reais por Ligação (IPLr 2017) variaram entre 56,1 L/ligação.dia a 1.480,8 L/ligação.dia, e os valores de Índice de Vazamento da Infraestrutura (IVI 2017) variou entre 2,3 a 27,7. Quanto ao Indicador de Perda Aparente por Ligação (IPLa 2017) obteve-se valores entre 7,5 L/ligação.dia a 550,9 L/ligação.dia, sendo identificadas as áreas em que as perdas aparentes são próximas ou superiores as perdas reais, cuja ação pode ser imediata e menos complexa. Para o cenário econômico, observou-se que há um potencial de redução considerável, uma vez que o IPLr econômico variou entre 49,8 L/ligação.dia a 736,1 L/ligação.dia, e o IVI econômico obtido foi entre 1,9 a 9,5. Quando se avaliou o IPLa econômico, os valores foram de 7,5 L/ligação.dia a 505,6 L/ligação.dia, muito próximo aos observados no ano de 2017, uma vez que corresponde apenas a troca periódica de hidrômetros, já estabelecido nas diretrizes de troca da companhia. Destaca-se, também, que as perdas relacionadas ao nível econômico devem ser inseridas como um dos cenários dos Planos Diretores de Água, sendo uma ferramenta de planejamento quanto à estimativa do volume de ampliação do sistema produtor e para estabelecer estratégias de gestão de perdas em SAA, principalmente para o SAIC. Por fim, foi proposto um modelo simplificado que permitiu avaliar o sistema sob uma perspectiva global e integrando aspectos das condições atuais do sistema aos aspectos econômicos. Palavras-chave: Sistemas de Abastecimento de Água. Perdas de água. Nível econômico de perdas. Balanço Hídrico. Indicadores e Índices de avaliação de perdas.Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic level of losses in the district metering areas (DMAs) of the Integrated Supply System of Curitiba and Metropolitan Region (SAIC), which is managed by the Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná - SANEPAR. The methodology of the research was divided in four stages: in the preliminary stage the selection and data collection related to the period from January to December of 2017; in stage 1, the actual and apparent losses were determined and evaluated using the International Water Association (IWA) water balance and indicators and indexes were applied; step 2 determined the economic level of the real losses by the model of Wyatt (2010) and the economic level of the apparent losses by the hydrometer change guideline; a simplified model was proposed in step 3, which integrates the aspects related to the existing losses to the economic ones, based on the results of steps 1 and 2. 92 DMAs were selected (84% of the SAIC) for evaluation, considering the availability of information at 12 months of 2017, the total value for 2017 losses was 2,577 L/s (78% of total losses), which refers to the capacity of approximately two SAIC producing systems. When evaluating the actual losses in different DMAs, we were able to observe the complexity of SAIC's Water Supply System (WSS), depending on the different characteristics of the DMAs, including network extension, pressure and number of connections. The actual loss per connection (IPLr 2017) values ranged from 56.1 L/connection.day to 1,480.8 L/connection.day, and the Infrastructure Leakage Index (IVI 2017) ranged from 2.3 to 27.7. Regarding the apparent loss per connection (IPLa 2017), values ranging from 7.5 L/connection.day to 550.9 L/connection.day, with areas where apparent losses are close to or greater than real losses, whose action may be immediate and less complex. For the economic scenario, there is a considerable reduction potential, since the economic IPLr ranged from 49.8 L/connection.day to 736.1 L/connection.day, and the economic IVI obtained was between 1.9 to 9.5. When the economic IPLa was evaluated, the values were 7.5 L/connection.day to 505.6 L/connection.day, very close to those observed in 2017, since it only corresponds to the periodic exchange of hydrometers, already established in the company's guidelines. It should also be noted that the losses related to the economic level should be included as one of the scenarios of the Water Master Plans, being a planning tool in estimating the volume of expansion of the producer system and establishing strategies for losses management in WSS, mainly for SAIC. Finally, a simplified model was proposed that allowed evaluating the system from a global perspective and integrating aspects of the current conditions of the system to the economic ones. Keywords: Economic level of losses. Economic loss. Water balance. Losses in Water Supply Systems. Water Supply Systems

Usutu virus in blackbirds (Turdus merula) with clinical signs, a case study from northern Italy

Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne virus belonging to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Natural transmission cycle of USUV involves mosquitoes and birds, so humans and other mammals are considered incidental hosts. In this study, USUV infection was diagnosed in all wild blackbirds, collected from July to September 2018 in a wildlife recovery center in the province of Bologna, in the Emilia-Romagna region, northern Italy. All blackbirds showed neurological clinical signs, such as overturning, pedaling, and incoordination. Moreover, the subjects died shortly after arriving at the hospitalization center. Virological investigations were performed by real-time PCR on frozen samples of the spleen, kidney, myocardium, and brain for the detection of Usutu (USUV) and West Nile (WNV) viruses. The small and large intestine were used as a matrix for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). All 56 subjects with neurological clinical signs were positive for USUV, only one subject (1.8%) tested positive for WNV, and no subject was positive for NDV. The most represented age class was class 1 J (58.9%), followed by class 3 (25.0%), and lastly from class 4 (16.1%). Most of the blackbirds before dying were in good (51.8%) and fair (39.3%) nutritional status, while only five subjects (8.9%) were cachectic. The USUV genomes detected in the blackbirds of this study fall within the sub-clade already called EU2 that has been detected since 2009 in the Emilia-Romagna region. Neurological clinical signs in USUV-affected blackbirds are still widely discussed and there are few works in the literature. Although our results require further studies, we believe them to be useful for understanding the clinical signs of Usutu virus in blackbirds, helping to increase the knowledge of this zoonotic agent in wild species and to understand its effect on the ecosystem. The goal of this study was to report—in the context of the regional passive surveillance program—the detection of USUV RNA in its most important amplifying host, the common blackbird, when showing clinical signs before death

A screening sampling plan to detect Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-positive dairy herds

Abstract Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, a chronic contagious bacterial disease primarily affecting dairy cattle. Paratuberculosis represents a dual problem for the milk production chain: in addition to economic losses to affected herds, MAP may have zoonotic potential. Infected herds must be identified in order to implement programs designed to reduce the incidence of disease within and between herds and to prevent MAP from entering the food chain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a screening sampling plan (SSP) to detect MAP-positive dairy herds by repetitive analysis of bulk tank milk (BTM) samples by ELISA and in-line milk filter (ILMF) samples by PCR. Samples from BTM and ILMF were collected twice from 569 dairy herds in southern Italy. Additionally, 12,016 individual milk samples were collected: 9,509 from 102 SSP-positive herds (SSP MAP-positive) and 2,507 from 21 randomly selected SSP-negative herds (SSP MAP-negative). There was a total of 126 SSP MAP-positive herds (i.e., 21.3% SSP MAP-positive herds; 95% confidence interval=18.0–24.9); the within-herd apparent prevalence (AP) ranged between 0.00 and 22.73% (mean 6.07%). A significant difference in within-herd AP was shown between SSP MAP-positive herds and SSP MAP-negative herds. A highly significant association was shown between the median AP herd status (>5%) and positivity to at least one ILMF or BTM sample. The SSP detected a minimum of 56.25% of low AP herds (AP ≤2.0%) up to a maximum of 100% of herds with a within-herd AP ≥8.0%. Overall, the SSP detected 85.57% of herds in which at least one individual milk sample was positive by ELISA. The proposed SSP was an inexpensive and useful tool to detect MAP-positive herds with a higher risk of infection diffusion and milk contamination. Although the SSP cannot be used for MAP-free certification of herds, it could be useful to prioritize appropriate control measures aimed at reducing the prevalence of infection in dairy herds and milk contamination