18 research outputs found
Reviews, Critiques, and Annotations
- Author
- Publication venue
- DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University
- Publication date
- 01/01/1985
- Field of study
Design and implementation of a generalized laboratory data model
- Author
- A Ailamaki
- A Descartes
- A Duncan
- A Pajon
- Asif T Chinwalla
- B Collins-Snssman
- B Ewing
- Benjamin J Oberkfell
- C Liang
- CG Kumar
- Craig S Pohl
- D Fenyö
- D Gordon
- D Hollingsworth
- DA Benson
- David J Dooling
- Elaine R Mardis
- F Kokocinski
- GN Gilbert
- H Sanchez-Villeda
- International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium
- J Prilusky
- JC Worsley
- JK Bonfield
- JS Conery
- K Loney
- Kevin Crouse
- L Wall
- LaDeana W Hillier
- LD Stein
- Lynn Carmichael
- MC Imbert
- MC Wendl
- Michael C Wendl
- Mike Nhan
- N D'Agostino
- N Donofrio
- N Goodman
- NN Dedhia
- P DuBois
- PA Pevzner
- PW Haebel
- RC Palmer
- Richard K Wilson
- RK Wilson
- S Anahory
- S Smith
- Scott Smith
- Shin Leong
- TM Smith
- Todd Hepler
- Publication venue
- BioMed Central
- Publication date
- 01/09/2007
- Field of study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Investigators in the biological sciences continue to exploit laboratory automation methods and have dramatically increased the rates at which they can generate data. In many environments, the methods themselves also evolve in a rapid and fluid manner. These observations point to the importance of robust information management systems in the modern laboratory. Designing and implementing such systems is non-trivial and it appears that in many cases a database project ultimately proves unserviceable.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We describe a general modeling framework for laboratory data and its implementation as an information management system. The model utilizes several abstraction techniques, focusing especially on the concepts of inheritance and meta-data. Traditional approaches commingle event-oriented data with regular entity data in <it>ad hoc </it>ways. Instead, we define distinct regular entity and event schemas, but fully integrate these via a standardized interface. The design allows straightforward definition of a "processing pipeline" as a sequence of events, obviating the need for separate workflow management systems. A layer above the event-oriented schema integrates events into a workflow by defining "processing directives", which act as automated project managers of items in the system. Directives can be added or modified in an almost trivial fashion, i.e., without the need for schema modification or re-certification of applications. Association between regular entities and events is managed via simple "many-to-many" relationships. We describe the programming interface, as well as techniques for handling input/output, process control, and state transitions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The implementation described here has served as the Washington University Genome Sequencing Center's primary information system for several years. It handles all transactions underlying a throughput rate of about 9 million sequencing reactions of various kinds per month and has handily weathered a number of major pipeline reconfigurations. The basic data model can be readily adapted to other high-volume processing environments.</p
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
- Author
- . Haifeng
- . Magner
- . Yin
- Abbott Scott
- Abbott-Ozersky Amanda
- Abdellah Zahra
- Abouelleil Amr
- Abrajano Anne
- Adachi Tamami
- Adam Catherine
- Adams Charles Q.
- Adamson Aaron
- Adekoya Emmanuel
- Adio-Oduola Babajide
- Aerts Andrea
- Aggarwal Arun
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmed Shahana
- Aimable Matthew
- Ainscough Rachael
- Ait-Zahra Mostafa
- Aizu Tomoyuki
- Alcivare Dana
- Alegria Michelle
- Ali Alla
- Ali Johar
- Allegria-hartmann Michelle
- Alleman Jennifer
- Allen Carlana C.
- Allen Heather
- Allen Nicole R.
- Allen Susan
- Allen Thaddeus
- Almeida Jeff
- Almond Claire
- Alsbrooks Stephen L.
- Altherr Michael R.
- Amaratunge Harshinie C.
- Ambler Andrew
- Ambrose Karen
- Ambrose Kerrie
- Amemiya Chris
- Amico-Keller Gina
- Amin Amita G.
- Anderson Mechele
- Anderson Scott
- Anderson Scott
- Andora Janice
- Andredesz Carol
- Andrew Robert
- Andrews Dan
- Andrews Daniel
- Andrews Neil
- Andrews Stephanie
- Andriese Tim
- Anthouard Véronique
- Antonarakis Stylianos E.
- Anyalebechi Vivian
- Aoki Norie
- Apostolou Sinoula
- Apweiler Eva
- Arachchi Harindra
- Arai Rie
- Arbery Hazel
- Arcaina Marlon
- Arcaina Terisita
- Archer Beth
- Arellano Andre
- Arellano-Jones Perry
- Armbruster Jeff
- Armstrong Jon
- Arredondo Dilrukshi P.
- Arredondo Heather Hope
- Artiguenave François
- Asakawa Shuichi
- Asakawa Teruyo
- Ash Gareth
- Ashcroft Kevin
- Ashurst Jennifer
- Ashwell Robert
- Ashworth Linda K.
- Aslanidis Cara
- Asomugha Chinwe O.
- Asuncion Lawreen
- Atkin Deborah
- Atkinson Andrea
- Atkinson Barry
- Attix Cristina
- Attwood John
- Aubin Keith
- Auger Katherine
- Austin Shannon Michelle
- Avila Aaron
- Avis Terry
- Ayele Mulu
- Babayan Primo
- Babbage Anne
- Babbage Sarah
- Bach Phil
- Bachatsang Pasang
- Bacon Joanne
- Badri Hummy
- Baertsch Robert
- Bagguley Claire
- Bailey Jonathan
- Bajorek Eva
- Baker Andrew
- Baker Dan
- Baker M.
- Baker Richard
- Bakis Michele
- Baldwin Jennifer
- Banda Michael
- Banerjee Ruby
- Bao Jingyue
- Bao Qiyu
- Bao Weidong
- Bao Weidong
- Baptiste Pertrice
- Barbaria Joseph A.
- Barbe Valérie
- Bardill Simon
- Barker Daniel
- Barker Darren
- Barker Gary
- Barlow Karen
- Baron Laurent
- Barrett Anika
- Bartlett Rebecca
- Basham Victoria
- Bashman David
- Basu Suba
- Bateman Alex
- Bates Karen
- Battles John
- Batzer Mark
- Baumgart Cornelia
- Baumohl Jason
- Baynes Caroline
- Bayul Tashi
- Beall Keith
- Beard Lisa
- Beard Susan
- Beare David
- Beasley Alastair
- Beasley Helen
- Beasley Oliver
- Beaucham Leslie
- Beaudet Arthur
- Beck Alfred
- Beck Stephen
- Becker Michael
- Bell Emma
- Bell George I.
- Bellard Terell M.
- Bellerby Damian
- Bellerby Tristram
- Belter Edward A., Jr.
- Bemrose Richard
- Benard Michael Anthony
- BenKahla Alia
- Benke J
- Benner William
- Bennett James
- Bensasson Douda
- Bentley Andrew
- Bentley Dan
- Bentley David
- Berardinis Véronique de
- Bercovitz John
- Berghoff Amy
- Bergmann Anne
- Berkowicz Nicolas
- Berks Mary
- Berks Michael
- Bethel Graeme
- Beugelsdijk Tony J.
- Bhakta Rita
- Bhuchar Venita
- Bi Shihua
- Bian Xuemeng
- Bieri Tamberlyn
- Bimage Kesha E.
- Bird Christine
- Birditt Brian
- Birney Ewan
- Birney Ewan
- Birren Bruce
- Bissell Helen
- Biswalo Kaneza
- Bituin Aleksandr
- Black Stacey
- Blackburne-Maze Suzanne
- Blair Jessica Anne
- Blakey Sarah
- Blanks Tia
- Blasiar Darin
- Blazej Robert
- Blitshsteyn Berta
- Blomstrom David B.
- Bloom Scott
- Bloom Toby
- Blumer Heather
- Blye Jason
- Blyth Peter R.
- Blöcker Helmut
- Boatright Elizabeth
- Boehm John
- Boen Juanan
- Boguslavskiy Leonid
- Bolton Christel
- Bolund Lars
- Bondoc Marnel
- Bonfield James
- Bonnett Ralph
- Bonnin David
- Border Richard
- Borowsky Mark
- Borzym Katja
- Boukhgalter Boris
- Bowen Eric
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradshaw-Cordum Holly
- Brady Nicola
- Brandriff Brigitte F.
- Brannon Wade
- Branscomb Elbert
- Bray Jason
- Bray-Allen Sarah
- Brettin Thomas
- Bridgeman Anne
- Bridgers Michael
- Brimhall Angela K.
- Brokstein Peter
- Brook Jonathan
- Brooking Shane
- Brottier Philippe
- Brown Andrew
- Brown Clive
- Brown Jacqui
- Brown Margaret
- Brown Mary
- Brown Mary J.
- Brown Michael
- Brown Nancy C.
- Bruce David D.
- Bruce Robert
- Bruno William J.
- Bruskiewich Richard
- Bryant Jackie
- Bryant Jennifer E.
- Bryant Nathaniel P.
- Brüls Thomas
- Buatsi Delali
- Buck David
- Buckingham Judith M.
- Buckle Veronica
- Buczek Donald
- Budd Claire
- Buhay Christian J.
- Bulbul Kerem
- Buller Sarah
- Bunker Nathan
- Burberry Jill
- Burch Paula Ellen
- Burford Deborah
- Burgess Joanne
- Burgin Matt
- Burkett Carrie E.
- Burkhart-Schultz Karolyn
- Burrell Kevin L.
- Burrill Wayne
- Burrows Christine
- Burton Christine
- Burton John
- Butcher Phil
- Butler Adam
- Butler Jon
- Butler Paul
- Caenepeel Sean
- Cahill Patrick
- Cai Tianjing
- Cai Zhen
- Cairns Murray
- Calderon Eliana
- Callen David F.
- Camarata Jody
- Camire David
- Camm Nick
- Campbell Christopher
- Campbell Connie S.
- Campbell Evelyn W.
- Campbell Mary I.
- Campbell Mary L.
- Campo Kevin
- Canning Bruno
- Cao Ting
- Cao Yuzhu
- Caoile Chenier
- Cardenas Faviola
- Cardenas Lolo
- Cardenas Veronica
- Carder Carol
- Carder Paul
- Carpenter Kelly
- Carrano Anthony V.
- Carriere Jason
- Carter Jason
- Carter Kelvin
- Carter Nigel
- Caruso Lauren
- Casias Kristal
- Cattolico Laurence
- Cavanna Tamara
- Cavazos Iracema
- Cavazos Sandra R.
- Ceasar Heather
- Cedroni Maria
- Cepeda Mario
- Chacko Joseph
- Chain Patrick
- Chalk Shani
- Challacombe Jean F.
- Chan Ka
- Chan Sheryl N.
- Chan Yee Man
- Chang Jean L.
- Chapman Jarrod
- Chapman Joanna
- Chapple Jeffrey
- Charles Rachel
- Chasteen Leslie A.
- Chavarria Simeon
- Chazaro Bruno
- Chen Baoxian
- Chen Bin
- Chen Chira
- Chen Chong
- Chen Chong
- Chen Chun-Nan
- Chen Cong
- Chen Ellson
- Chen Hsiu-Chuan
- Chen Jianlong
- Chen Jie
- Chen Jin
- Chen Junbao
- Chen Lihong
- Chen Lixia
- Chen Ray
- Chen Shu
- Chen Tong
- Chen Xiaoyun
- Chen Xinyi
- Chen Yanjiong
- Chen Yiyu
- Chen Zhu
- Chen Zhu
- Chen Zhu
- Cheng Jan-Fang
- Cheng Zhihua
- Chertkov Olga
- Cheshatsang Yama
- Chi Cheng
- Chi Han C.
- Chillingworth Neil
- Chin Sylvia
- Chinn Corey
- Chinwalla Asif
- Chissoe Stephanie
- Chiu Sally
- Chothia Tom
- Christensen Mari
- Christopoulos Constantine
- Chu Joseph
- Chui Connie
- Chung A
- Cinkowsky Michael J.
- Citroen Mieke
- Clack Rob
- Clamp Michele
- Clark Anthea
- Clark Graham
- Clark Kevin
- Clark Lynn
- Clark Lynn M.
- Clark Richard
- Clark Sarah
- Clark Sue
- Clarke Adrian
- Clarke Betty
- Clarke Eddie
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- Clarke Laura
- Clawson Hiram
- Clee Chris
- Clegg Shelia
- Clerc Blankenburg Kerstin Petra
- Cleveland David
- Clifford Karen
- Clifton Sandra W.
- Coates Julia
- Cobley Victoria
- Cockrell Raynard
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- Cofield Jackie
- Coggill Penelope
- Cohn Judith D.
- Colayco Rick
- Cole Lotte
- Collier Rachael
- Collings Simon
- Collins Francis S.
- Collins John
- Collins Philip
- Collymore Al
- Colman Louise
- Combs Jessie
- Comstock Robin
- Cong Bin
- Conner Richard
- Connolly Anthony
- Connolly Karen
- Conquer Jennie
- Conrad Ansgar
- Conroy Donald
- Considine Tony
- Constance Doug
- Cook April
- Cook Leanna
- Cooke Patrick
- Cooper Jonathan
- Cooper Rachel
- Cooper Robert
- Copeland Alex
- Coppola Maria
- Copsey Teresa
- Corby Nicole
- Cordes Matt
- Cordray Rebecca
- Cornell Christine
- Cornell Earl
- Cornell Linda
- Cornell Ruth
- Corum Ben
- Cottage Amanda
- Cotton Sara
- Coulson Alan
- Couronne Olivier
- Courtney Laura P.
- Coville Gez
- Cox Anthony
- Cox Caroline D.
- Cox Tony
- Coxhill Robert
- Coyle Marcus D.
- Craig Matthew
- Crane Tom
- Crawford Amanda L.
- Crawley Matt
- Cree Andrew
- Crespeau Hervé
- Crew Victor
- Critchlow Terrance
- Critz Paul
- Cruaud Corinne
- Cuff James
- Cui Hongjuan
- Cui Jinhui
- Cui Peng
- Cui Peng
- Culley Karl
- Cummings Auli
- Cummings Kirsti
- Cummings Paul
- Cummings Stephanie
- Cuomo Christina A.
- Curran Adam
- Curwen Valery
- Cutts Jeffrey
- Czubayko Martin
- D\u27Souza Lisa Marie
- Da Silva Corinne
- Dai Li
- Dalin Eillen
- Dang Michelle
- Danganan Linda
- Daniels Rachael
- Dathorne Stephanie R.
- Daum Christopher
- David Robert
- Davidson Lucy
- Davidson Stuart
- Davies Jonathon
- Davies Joy
- Davies Nicholas
- Davies Robert
- Davila Mary Louise
- Davis Candi Mon\u27et
- Davis Cheryl
- Davis Clay
- Davis Jayne
- Davis John
- Davis Matthew
- Davy-Carroll Latarsha
- Dawoe Tenzin
- Dawson Elisabeth
- De Anda Claudia
- De Latorre Andrea
- Deadman Rebecca
- Dean Peter
- Dear Simon
- Dearden Frances
- DeArellano Kurt
- Deaven Larry I.
- Deaven Larry L.
- Deere Kerry
- DeGray Stewart
- Degusta David
- Deguzman Maria
- Dehal Paramvir
- Delgado Marcos
- Delgado Oliver
- Delhaunty Kimberley
- Deloukas Panos
- Deng Yajun
- Dennis Janet
- Denson Shawn
- Denys Mirian
- Deramo Christine
- Desai Anu
- Detter John C.
- Devlin Laurie
- Dewar Ken
- Dhami Pawandeep
- Dhongsar Chemey
- Dias Jennifer
- Dias Victoria
- Dibartolo Genevieve
- Dibling Catherine
- Dickson Mark
- Diekhans Mark
- Dietz-Band Jeanne
- Digennaro Richard
- Dilts Karen
- Dimitrijevic-Bussod Mira
- Ding Hao
- Ding Keyue
- Ding Li
- Ding Yan
- Dinh Huyen H.
- Dixon Kami
- Do Long
- Dobbs Ruth
- Dobson Richard
- Dockree Catherine
- Doddington Daniel
- Dodsworth Steven
- Doggett Norman
- Doggett Norman A.
- Dong Hui
- Dong Kimberly
- Dong Wei
- Dong Wei
- Dong Xiaojia
- Donlin Jeremy E.
- Dooley Kathy
- Dooling David
- Dorje Passang
- Dorjee Kunsang
- Dorris Lester
- Dorsett Victor
- Doucette-Stamm Lynn
- Douthwaite Karen J.
- Down Thomas
- Draper Heather
- Du Feiyu
- Du Hui
- Du Yutao
- Duarte Suzanne
- Dubchak Inna
- Duffy Noah
- Dugan-Rocha Shannon
- Dunham Andrew
- Dunham Ian
- Dunn Adam M.
- Dunn Anne
- Dunn Matthew
- Dunwell Erin
- Dupes Alan
- Durbin Kenneth J.
- Durbin Richard
- Durham Jillian
- Dutta Ireena
- Dwyer Ruth
- Dyer Lauren
- Dziuda Darius
- Earnhardt Christopher D.
- Earthrowl Mark
- Eastham Emma
- Eastham Timothy
- Eaves Kristy A.
- Eckenberg Ralph
- Edgar Darren
- Edionwe Susan Omwanghe Osayanro
- Edwards Carol
- Edwards Jennifer
- Edwards Karen
- Egan Amy
- Eichler Evan
- Eichler Evan
- Ejima Fumio
- Elkin Chris
- Ellington Andrew
- Elliot David
- Elliot Glendoria
- Elliot Jeffrey
- Ellwood Matthew
- Emberson Becky
- Emelianenko Natalia
- Emery-Cohen Alexandra J.
- Endrizzi Matthew
- Engh Ger van den
- Engle David
- Erickson Jeffery
- Erler Anne Marie
- Errington Helen
- Escobar Julio
- Escotto Michael
- Eugene Craig S.
- Evans Gareth
- Evans John
- Evans Katie
- Evans Richard
- Eveleth Gerald
- Eyras Eduardo
- Fan Hongyuan
- Fan Keke
- Fang Jianqiu
- Farina Abderrahim
- Faro Susan
- Faulkner Louisa
- Fawcett Joseph J.
- Fechtel Kim
- Fellingham Charlotte
- Felming Claire
- Felsenfeld Adam
- Feltwell Theresa
- Feng Guodong
- Feng Haiyan
- Feng Jie
- Feng Xiaoli
- Fennell Stephen
- Ferguson Alicia
- Fernandez Sonia
- Fernandez-Suarez Xose
- Fernando Pushpa Ranjani
- Ferriera Pat
- Fertitta Anne
- Fey Jim
- Fidel Patrick
- Fields Elizabeth
- Fink Marie
- Finley Maria C.
- Finn Robert
- Fischer Heather
- Fischer Laurice
- Fisher Shelia
- Fitch Pat
- Fitzgerald Mike
- Flack Tina
- Flagg Nicole
- Flanagan J.
- Fleming Kerry
- Flint Jonathan
- Flint Mark
- Flowers Dave
- Floyd Yvonne
- Foley Karen
- Folta Peg
- Fong Jonathan
- Fonknechten Núrua
- Footman Simon
- Forbes Lisa D.
- Ford Amanda F.
- Foster Myre J.
- Fotopulos Dea
- Fourcade Matthew
- Fowler John
- Fox Jessica
- Frame Deborah
- Francis Matthew
- Francis Stephen
- Frankel Ken
- Frankish Adam
- Frankland John
- Fraser Audrey
- Fraser David
- Frazier Marvin
- French Lisa
- Fricker David
- Fridlyand Jane
- Fronick Catrina
- Frost Carole
- Frost Daniel
- Frost Jackie
- Frost Lorna
- Fu Gang
- Fu Gang
- Fu Gang
- Fu Qiushi
- Fujioka Michiru
- Fujiyama Asao
- Fukawa Rintaro
- Fuller Liam
- Fuller Sharin
- Fullerton Kathryn
- Fulton Lucinda A.
- Fulton Robert S.
- Furey Terrence S.
- Furuhashi Mie
- Förste Silke
- Gabisi Abdul M.
- Gage Diane
- Gaige Tony
- Galgoczy Petra
- Gallegos Celsa
- Galvez Michael
- Gammon Stuart
- Gao Anwu
- Gao Jimei
- Gao Quan
- Gao Yang
- Gao Yimei
- Garcia Carmen
- Garcia Emilio
- Garcia Marvin
- Garcia Ricardo M, III
- Garcia-Martinez Antonio
- Gardner Alison
- Gardner Alison
- Garduno Consuelo
- Gardyna Steph
- Garner Patrick
- Garner Toni T.
- Garnes Jeffrey A.
- Garnett Jane
- Garza Melissa
- Gatewood Joseph M.
- Gatland Leigh
- Gatland Lindsay
- Gattung Stacie
- Gay Laura
- Gearin Gary
- Gebreyesus Binyam
- Gelein Cynthia
- Gelpke Maartin
- Gench Stephanie L.
- Geng Jianing
- Georgescu Anca
- Geotina Amy
- Ghori Jilur
- Ghose Sayantan
- Gibbs Ben
- Gibbs Richard A.
- Gibson Diane
- Gibson Elizabeth
- Gifford Mary
- Gil Isaias
- Gilbert James
- Gilby Lisa
- Gill Rachel
- Gillet Will
- Gillson Christopher
- Gilna Paul
- Gimmel Verena
- Gingrich Jeff
- Giovanelli Kira
- Glavina Tijana
- Glithero Rebecca
- Glöckner Gernot
- Gnerre Sante
- Gnirke Andreas
- Gold Darren
- Golinveaux Kristen
- Gomez Maria
- Gong Guanghui
- Gong Jinying
- Gonzales Eidelyn
- Gonzalez Guillermo B.
- Gooderham April
- Goodstadt Leo
- Goodstein David
- Goodwin Lynne A.
- Gordon Catherine
- Gordon Laurie A.
- Gordon Seth
- Gorton Matthew
- Gorvad Ann
- Gould Christine
- Goyea Ernest
- Goyette Audra
- Grady Deborah I.
- Grady Michelle L.
- Grafham Darren
- Graham Joe
- Grandbois Edward
- Grant Jennifer
- Grant Michael
- Grant Susan
- Graves Tina A.
- Gray Bruce
- Gray Emma
- Gray Lain
- Green Lisa
- Greenhalgh James
- Greenhill Joe
- Gregg Philippa
- Gregory Simon
- Grewal Nennu
- Gribble Susan
- Griffith Jeffrey K.
- Griffiths Coline
- Griffiths Ed
- Griffiths Mark
- Griffiths-Jones Sam
- Grigoriev Igor
- Grimwood Jane
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- Groza Matthew
- Gu Jingli
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- Gu Jun
- Gu Wenyi
- Gu Wenyi
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- Guan Qiaoning
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- Guel Metzalli
- Guerra William
- Guevara Whitney V.
- Gui Qi
- Gunaratne Preethi
- Gunning Kate
- Guo Daorong
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- Guo Lili
- Gustafson Erik
- Guthrie Ian
- Guyer Mark
- Gwilliam Rhian
- Gyaltsen Kunsang
- Gyapay Gábor
- Görlich Yvonne
- Ha Chi
- Hafez Nabil
- Haglund Krista
- Hagopian Daniel
- Hagos Birhane
- Haim Allen
- Hajek Patrick
- Hall Brett Lynn
- Hall Brittany
- Hall Jennifer
- Hall Rebekah
- Hall-Tamly Gretta
- Halls Karen
- Hallsworth-Pepin Kym
- Hamada Junko
- Hamilton Cerissa
- Hamilton Keelan A.
- Hamilton Matt
- Hamlett John
- Hamlett John
- Hammon Nancy
- Hammond Martin
- Hammond Sha
- Hammond Sian
- Hamza Khalid
- Han Guiqing
- Han Shunsheng
- Han Xurong
- Hanak Vincent A.
- Hancock Julie
- Harbes Brandy A.
- Harding Adam
- Harkins C. Richard
- Harley Joanne
- Harper David
- Harper Georgina
- Harper Patrik
- Harradence Grant
- Harris Anthony
- Harrison Charlene-Lou
- Harrison Elliot
- Harrison Ruth
- Hart Elizabeth
- Hasegawa Tomoko
- Hashimoto Etsuko
- Hashimoto Wakako
- Hassan Daniel
- Hatcher Beath
- Hattori Masahira
- Haugen Eric
- Haussler David
- Havlak Paul
- Hawes Alicia C.
- Hawkins Ebere Sylvia Onyirioha
- Hawkins Natalie
- Hawkins Trevor
- Hawley Kellie
- Haydu Lauren
- Hayes Kerry
- He Fengying
- He Jiaying
- He Lin
- Heaford Andrew
- Heath Paul
- Heathcott Rosemary
- Heilig Roland
- Heiner Cheryl
- Heinze Ivonne
- Heitmann Katja
- Helfenbein Keven
- Heller Andrew
- Hellsten Uffe
- Hembry Cathy
- Henderson Carl
- Henderson Nicholas
- Henderson Nina
- Hendrix David
- Hennig Steffen
- Henning Karla
- Hepa Victor
- Herd Tim
- Herman Charles
- Hernandez Judith
- Hernandez Omar
- Herseim Allyson
- Hewitt Stephen
- Heyen Joshua
- Higgs Douglas
- Hildebrand Carl E.
- Hillier LaDeana
- Hillyard Guy
- Hines Sandra
- Hinkins Russell
- Hinrichs Angela S.
- Hitchens Matthew Edward
- Ho Issac
- Ho Sara-Jane
- Hodgson Anne V.
- Hodgson David
- Hoffman Susan M.G.
- Hoffs Michael
- Hogues Marilyn E.
- Holden Jane
- Holdgate Janet
- Hollaway Mara
- Hollins Barbara
- Holloway Ele
- Holmes Andrea
- Holmes Ian
- Holmes Sarah
- Holroyd Simon
- Holtz Ann
- Holtzer Caleb
- Homsi Deana K.
- Homsi Farah J.
- Honan Tracy
- Hood Leroy
- Hooper Alison
- Hopewell Lucy
- Hopkins Ben
- Horne Jennifer
- Hornett Gary
- Hornischer Klaus
- Hornsby Amber
- Hornsby Geoff
- Hornsby Tony
- Horsley Sharon
- Horton Roger
- Hosage-Norman Catherine
- Hosoda Kei
- Hosono Katsuhiro
- Hosseini Roya
- Hou Shunfang
- Hou Xiaodi
- Houde Nathan
- Howard Philip
- Howard Stephanie R.
- Howden Philip
- Howe Kevin
- Howell Gareth
- Howell Latoya Lynette
- Howells Sally Lucinda
- Hsu Fan
- Hu George
- Hu Jie
- Hu Songnian
- Huang Fang
- Huang Guyang
- Huang Katherine
- Huang Mei
- Huang Wayne
- Huang Wei
- Huang Wei
- Huang Wei
- Huang Zhengping
- Hubbard Timothy
- Huber James W.
- Huckle Elizabeth
- Hue Heather
- Hughes Jaime
- Hughes Jennifer
- Hughes Lee
- Hughes-Hull Hillary
- Hull Louisa
- Hulme Bill
- Hulyk Steven
- Hume Jennifer
- Hummeric Holger
- Humphray Sean
- Humphries David
- Humphries Matthew
- Hunt Adrienne
- Hunt Michael
- Hunt Paul
- Hunt Sarah
- Hunter Giselle
- Hunter Rov, II
- Hupman Matt
- Huynh Sandy
- Hyde David
- Hynds Christopher
- Idlebird Devincent G.
- Iliev Ilian
- Imbro Paula
- Imo Kelvin C.
- Inacio Nicole
- Inagaki Naomi
- Ince Michael
- Ingram Drew
- Inoue Shuuji
- Isak Amber
- Isherwood Judith
- Ishibashi Akiko
- Ishikawa Sabine K.
- Ishizaki Hinako
- Isozaki Emi
- Israni Sanjay
- Ito Fumiaki
- Ito Noriko
- Itoh Takehiko
- Iwakawa Shinobu
- Iwatate Mariko
- Iwatsu Mikiko
- Iyer Vivek
- Izatt Janet
- Izmajlowicz Monica
- Izumiyama Tomohiro
- Jacintho Mark
- Jackson Laronda R.
- Jackson Terri
- Jacob Leni Susan
- Jaeger Sara
- Jaffe David B.
- Jahn Niels
- Jaklevic Joseph
- Jaklevic Michael
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- Jarek Michael
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- Lorensuhewa Lorna M.
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- Lowenstein Michael G.
- Lowry Stephen
- Lozado Ryan J.
- Lu Lingfeng
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- Lucier Raymond L.
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- MacLean Christine
- Madabhushi Ramki
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- Mareth David
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- McNinch Jenny
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- Nwokenkwo Stanley
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- Olson Maynard V.
- Omotosho Bamidele
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- Sonnhammer Erik
- Sonnhammer Erik
- Sorelle Richard P.
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- Subramanian Sandhya
- Sudbrak Ralf
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- Sutherland Grant R.
- Sutherland Robert D.
- Sutton Angelica E.
- Svatek Amanda F.
- Svetz Jessica
- Svetz Leah Anne
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- Tesmer Judith G.
- Tester Julieanne
- Thayer Nina
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- Theil James
- Theodore Joumathe
- Thexton David
- Thies Stephanie
- Thomas Craig
- Thomas Daniel
- Thomas Daryl J.
- Thomas Karen
- Thomas Nicole
- Thomas Paulette
- Thomas Ruth
- Thomas Shereen
- Thommai Roselin
- Thompson Linda S.
- Thorne Rachel Diane
- Thorpe Andrea
- Thorpe Karen
- Thoulutsang Yama
- Threadgold Glen
- Thurston Scott
- Tian Chaoguang
- Tian Chaoguang
- Tian Wei
- Tian Yan
- Tian Yong
- Tian Yuqing
- Tice Hope
- Tighe Damon
- Tin-Wollam Aye M.
- Tinsley Emma
- Tochigi Miwako
- Togashi Naoko
- Tomizawa Iori
- Tomlinson Chad
- Tong Jingli
- Topham Kerri
- Torcaso Bill
- Torney David C.
- Totoki Yasushi
- Towey Sarah
- Toyoda Atsushi
- Tracey Alan
- Tran Ly Thanh
- Tran-Gyamfi Mary
- Trani Lee
- Trankiem Margie
- Trask Barbara J.
- Travers Johnathan
- Trejos Zulma Y.
- Treuhaft Marianne
- Trevino Brenda Kaye
- Tromans Anthony
- Trong Stephan
- Trumbower Heather
- Tsai Ming
- Tsamla Tsamla
- Tsolas Jason
- Tsomo Nawang
- Tsujimoto Susan
- Tsukamoto Yumi
- Tsuruoka Hiromi
- Tsuzuki Rina
- Tu Yuefeng
- Tu Yuefeng
- Tubby Ben
- Tufarelli Cristina
- Turner Heidi
- Turney Kathryn
- Tynan Katherine
- Ueland Stephanie
- Ueng Samantha
- Ukegbu Ogechi Nkemdirim
- Ulanovsky Levy E.
- Un Chun
- Ung Quyen
- Upson Darren
- Urban Jeremy B.
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- Valdez Michelle
- Valle Duane
- Valles Yvonne
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- Vargo Charles E.
- Vartanian Steffan
- Vasquez Lydia I.
- Vassiliev Helen
- Vastrik Imre
- Vaudin Mark
- Veil Rose
- Veklerov Eugene
- Velasco Nelson
- Velasquez Lisa
- Venkataranan Vijay
- Vera Virginia A.
- Verduzco Daniel
- Vergez Lisa
- Vico Virginie
- Viknaraja Ramya
- Villasana Donna M.
- Vine Wendy
- Viswanathan Vijay
- Vo Andy
- Vo Nu
- Voak Paul
- Vollenhoven David
- Wada Hiromi
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- Wagner-McPherson Caryn
- Waldron Lenee
- Waligorski Jason E.
- Walker Davian L.
- Walker Keya
- Walker Sarah
- Wall Melanie
- Wall Randy E.
- Wallace John
- Wallis Justine
- Wallis Michelle
- Walsh Jennifer
- Walsham Natalie
- Wan Ma
- Wang Chunyan
- Wang Dong
- Wang Feng
- Wang Guangxin
- Wang Guihai
- Wang Guihai
- Wang Hongjuan
- Wang Hongwei
- Wang Huanjie
- Wang Huifeng
- Wang Huifeng
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jie
- Wang Jing
- Wang Jingqiang
- Wang Jingqiang
- Wang Jinhua
- Wang Joann
- Wang Juan
- Wang Jun
- Wang Jun
- Wang Jun
- Wang Li
- Wang Lijie
- Wang Lijuan
- Wang Lijun
- Wang Ling
- Wang Liqun
- Wang Mei
- Wang Qiaoyan
- Wang Shifen
- Wang Shu
- Wang Suzhen
- Wang Wenjun
- Wang Xiaoling
- Wang Xiaoning
- Wang Xuefei
- Wang Xuegang
- Wang Yan
- Wang Yimin
- Wang Ying
- Wang Ying
- Wang Yuanyuan
- Wangchuck Tsering
- Wangdi Tsering
- Ward-Moore Stephanie
- Warren Graham
- Warren James T.
- Warry Georgina
- Watanabe Hidemi
- Watanabe Saki
- Waterston Robert H.
- Watson Andy
- Watt Nicola
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- Webb Jeannette
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- Wei Shulin
- Wei Xuehong
- Weidenbach Richard
- Weinstock George
- Weinstock Keith
- Weir John
- Weissenbach Jean
- Wells Alan
- Wells Sarah
- Welton Robert
- Wen Gaiping
- Wendi Mike
- Weng Li
- Wenning Sarah
- Wentz Sara
- Werler Daniela
- Wesley Mary Melissa
- West Paul
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- Wetterstrand Kris
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- Wray Paul
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- Wu Dongying
- Wu Jiaqian
- Wu Jung-Rung
- Wu Kevin
- Wu Qingfa
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- Wu Ruiming
- Wu Xiao
- Wu Xiaojing
- Wu Zaining
- Wyatt Julia
- Wycoff-Montenegro Melissa
- Wylie Kris
- Wyman Dudley
- Wyman Stacia
- Xi Yan
- Xi Yingying
- Xie Fei
- Xie Gary
- Xie Jane
- Xiong Hui
- Xiong Yuqing
- Xu Alex
- Xu Jing
- Xu Jing
- Xu Ruqin
- Xu Shuhua
- Xu Wei
- Xu Xinlai
- Xu Yan
- Xu Yuning
- Xu Zhihong
- Xu Zuyuan
- Xuan Yali
- Xuan Zhenyu
- Xue Rui
- Yada Tetsushi
- Yadav Shailendra
- Yakub Syed
- Yamamoto Lynn
- Yamamoto Noriko
- Yamamoto Yuko
- Yamashita Yasue
- Yamazaki Satoru
- Yang Hao
- Yang Huanming
- Yang Huanming
- Yang Joan
- Yang Shiaw-Pyng
- Yang Shudong
- Yang Xiaonan
- Yang Xiaonan
- Yang Xiaoping
- Yang Yongkui
- Yano Candance
- Yao Zhijian
- Yao Zhijian
- Yaspo Marie-Laure
- Ye Chen
- Yeager Shane
- Yeh Mimi
- Yen Jennifer
- Yeshitela Rahel Retta
- Yoakum Martin
- Yokobata Kathy
- Yokoyama Jennifer
- Yonezawa Miho
- Yoon Lillienne
- Yoon Vivienne
- Yoshida Satoru
- You Bo
- Young Geneva
- Young Louise
- Young Shelia
- Younger Ruth
- Yu Bing
- Yu Charles
- Yu Fuli
- Yu Jun
- Yu Jun
- Yu Jun
- Yuan Kaiwen
- Yuan Ye
- Yuan Yida
- Yue Shujie
- Yumae Brian
- Yun Rui
- Zainoun Joanne
- Zembeck Lisa
- Zeng Yixin
- Zhai Dong
- Zhan Guoping
- Zhang Bo
- Zhang Caimin
- Zhang Fengmei
- Zhang Guangyu
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Lanzhi
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Meihua
- Zhang Meng
- Zhang Ming
- Zhang Qing
- Zhang Ruhua
- Zhang Shaojie
- Zhang Tiezhen
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xiaoliang
- Zhang Xiuqing
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yi
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhang Yuansen
- Zhang Yuzhi
- Zhang Zhengdong
- Zhao Hongmei
- Zhao Lijian
- Zhao Shenru
- Zhao Zhijing
- Zhen Zhicheng
- Zheng Haibo
- Zhong Ming
- Zhou Carol
- Zhou Haixia
- Zhou Jianling
- Zhou Nannan
- Zhou Xinfeng
- Zhou Yan
- Zhou Yang
- Zhou Yi
- Zhu Bingying
- Zhu Bofeng
- Zhu Fenghua
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Miao
- Zhu Ning
- Zhu Yongge
- Zhu Zhen
- Zhuang Shitao
- Zierten Deborah
- Zimmer Andrew
- Zody Michael C.
- Zollo Massimo
- Zorrilla Sara E.
- Zuo Lin
- Publication venue
- LSU Digital Commons
- Publication date
- 21/10/2004
- Field of study
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
Genomic assessment of quarantine measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 importation and transmission
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R.
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A.
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire M.
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan T.
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah E.
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne R.
- Brown Paul E.
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen N.
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto C.
- Chalker Vicki
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael H. Spencer
- Chapman Michael R.
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop J.
- Chen Cong
- Cheng Jeffrey K. J.
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas R.
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Downing Fatima
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Eyre David
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben W.
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa L.
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe L.
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Frost Lucy R.
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet K.
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian G.
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R.
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle C.
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen F.
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- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William L.
- Haque Tanzina
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- Harrison James W.
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- Hartman Hassan
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- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian A.
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew T. G.
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Gareth J.
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha G.
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le Viet Thanh
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack C. D.
- Leek Danielle
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
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- Liggett Steven
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- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
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- Logan Sophie
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa R.
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana I. K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Martincorena Inigo
- Masoli Jane A. H.
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison E.
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
- McCarthy Shane
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick C.
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin P.
- McKenna James P.
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M.
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma J.
- Meadows Lizzie
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Merrill Tammy V.
- Miah Shahjahan
- Michell Stephen L.
- Michelsen Michelle L.
- Mirza Jeremy
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J.
- Mollett Guy
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monaghan Lynn
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Munn Robert
- Myers Richard
- Nascimento Fabricia F.
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nelson Rachel
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nickbakhsh Seema
- Niebel Marc O.
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- Nunez Rocio T. Martinez
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard J.
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- O’Brien Sarah
- O’Grady Justin
- O’Toole Elaine
- O’Toole Áine
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew J.
- Palmer Sophie
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Parsons Paul J.
- Partridge David G.
- Patel Amita
- Patel Minal
- Patel Vineet
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Payne Brendan A. I.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perry Malorie
- Peto Timothy
- Pinckert Malte L.
- Platt Steven
- Plimmer Amy
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Puethe Christoph
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramsay Mary
- Randell Paul A.
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M.
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robinson Trevor I.
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowan Aileen
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M.
- Sang Fei
- Savva George M.
- Scarlett Garry P.
- Schaefer Ulf
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shah Rajiv N.
- Shankar Giri
- Shepherd James G.
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Signell Adrian W.
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Singer Joshua B.
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Siveroni Igor
- Sloan Tim J.
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren
- Smith Kim S.
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Wendy
- Smollett Katherine L.
- Snell Luke B.
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Sridhar Sushmita
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanton Thomas D.
- Starinskij Igor
- Stark Richard
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J.
- Swindells Emma
- Symmonds Amanda
- Taha Yusri
- Tang Julian
- Taylor Ben E. W.
- Taylor Graham P.
- Taylor Sarah
- Taylor-Joyce Grace
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate E.
- The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott A. J.
- Todd John A.
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M.
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel M.
- Tumelty Niamh M.
- Turner Charlie
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine A.
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Ian B.
- Volz Erik
- Volz Erik M.
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Wantoch Michelle
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastenge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watts Joanne
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westhorpe Adam P.
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Chris
- Williams David
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Willingham Iona
- Wilson Harry D.
- Wilson Rebekah E.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Wise Emma
- Witele Eric
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yew Wen Chyin
- Young Greg
- Young Jamie
- Zamudio Marina Escalera
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- Nature Publishing
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from international travel is a priority. We evaluated the effectiveness of travellers being required to quarantine for 14-days on return to England in Summer 2020. We identified 4,207 travel-related SARS-CoV-2 cases and their contacts, and identified 827 associated SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Overall, quarantine was associated with a lower rate of contacts, and the impact of quarantine was greatest in the 16–20 age-group. 186 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were sufficiently unique to identify travel-related clusters. Fewer genomically-linked cases were observed for index cases who returned from countries with quarantine requirement compared to countries with no quarantine requirement. This difference was explained by fewer importation events per identified genome for these cases, as opposed to fewer onward contacts per case. Overall, our study demonstrates that a 14-day quarantine period reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the onward transmission of imported cases, mainly by dissuading travel to countries with a quarantine requirement
Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: an ecological study
- Author
- Aanensen David M
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S Y
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Antonelli Michela
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire M
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan T
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah E.
- Bronner Iraad F
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne Rose
- Brown Paul E
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Canas Liane S
- Capdevila Joan
- Carabelli Alessandro M
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen N
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto C
- Chalker Vicki
- Chan Andrew T
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael R
- Chappell Joseph G
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop J
- Cheng Jeffrey K.J.
- Churcher Carol M
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin J
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas R
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair C
- Davidson Rose K
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew J
- Downing Fatima
- Drew David A
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Escalera Zamudio Marina
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M
- Eyre David
- Fairley Derek J
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben W
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa Louise
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe L
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M
- Frost Lucy R.
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet K
- Girgis Sophia T
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian G
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Graham Mark S
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle C
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory N
- Gupta Ravi Kumar
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen F
- Haldenby Sam T
- Hale Antony D
- Hall Grant
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William L
- Hammers Alexander
- Haque Tanzina
- Harper Katherine L
- Harris Kathryn Ann
- Harrison Ewan M
- Harrison Ian
- Harrison James W
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A
- Hartman Hassan
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Hesketh Andrew R
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian A
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew T.G.
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howson-Wells Hannah C
- Hu Christina
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris J
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K
- Jackson Kathryn A
- Jahun Aminu S
- James Keith
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron R
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha G
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher R
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma L
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Kläser Kerstin
- Knight Bridget A
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz UG
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Langford Cordelia F
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack CD
- Leek Danielle
- Lensing Stefanie V
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
- Levett Lisa J
- Lewis Kevin
- Li Kathy K
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lindsey Benjamin B
- Lister Michelle M
- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas J
- Loose Matthew W
- Louka Stavroula F
- Loveson Katie F
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L
- Lucaci Anita O
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa R
- Machin Nicholas W
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana I.K
- Mahungu Tabitha W
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra S
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio T
- Masoli Jane AH
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison E
- May Anna
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
- McCarthy Shane
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick C
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin P
- McKenna James P
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma J
- Meadows Lizzie
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Merrill Tammy V
- Miah Shahjahan
- Michell Stephen L
- Michelsen Michelle L
- Mirza Jeremy
- Modat Marc
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J
- Mollett Guy
- Molnar Zoltan
- Molteni Erika
- Monaghan Lynn
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Munn Robert
- Murray Benjamin
- Myers Richard
- Nascimento Fabricia F.
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nelson Rachel
- Nguyen Long H
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nickbakhsh Seema
- Niebel Marc O
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- O'Brien Sarah
- O'Grady Justin
- O'Toole Elaine
- O'Toole Áine
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard J
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- Ourselin Sebastien
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew J
- Palmer Sophie
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi R
- Parker Matthew D
- Parmar Surendra
- Parsons Paul J
- Partridge David G
- Patel Amita
- Patel Minal
- Patel Vineet
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Payne Brendan AI
- Peacock Sharon J
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perry Malorie
- Peto Timothy
- Pinckert Malte L
- Platt Steven
- Plimmer Amy
- Polidori Lorenzo
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James
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- Puethe Christoph
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver G
- Pymont Hannah M
- Quail Michael A
- Quick Joshua
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramsay Mary
- Randell Paul Anthony
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L
- Robinson Esther
- Robinson Trevor I
- Robson Samuel C
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowan Aileen
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M
- Sang Fei
- Scarlett Garry P
- Schaefer Ulf
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Selvachandran Somesh
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shah Rajiv N
- Shankar Giri
- Shepherd James G
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Signell Adrian W
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David A
- Singer Joshua B
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Siveroni Igor
- Sloan Tim J
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P
- Smith Darren
- Smith Kim S
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Wendy
- Smollett Katherine L
- Snell Luke B
- Southgate Joel
- Spector Tim D
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael H
- Sridhar Sushmita
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanton Thomas D
- Starinskij Igor
- Stark Richard
- Steves Claire J
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J
- Sudre Carole H
- Swindells Emma
- Symmonds Amanda
- Taha Yusri
- Tang Julian
- Taylor Ben EW
- Taylor Graham P
- Taylor Sarah
- Taylor-Joyce Grace
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate E
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma C
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott AJ
- Todd John A
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J
- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel M
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine A
- Underwood Anthony P
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vamos Edith E
- Varsavsky Thomas
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Ian B
- Volz Erik M
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Wantoch Michelle
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastenge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watts Joanne
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J
- Weldon Danni
- Westhorpe Adam P
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte A
- Williams Chris
- Williams David
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A
- Willingham Iona
- Wilson Harry D
- Wilson Rebekah E
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Wise Emma
- Witele Eric
- Wolf Jonathan
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin A
- Yew Wen C
- Young Greg
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/05/2021
- Field of study
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 was first identified in December, 2020, in England. We aimed to investigate whether increases in the proportion of infections with this variant are associated with differences in symptoms or disease course, reinfection rates, or transmissibility.
Methods
We did an ecological study to examine the association between the regional proportion of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant and reported symptoms, disease course, rates of reinfection, and transmissibility. Data on types and duration of symptoms were obtained from longitudinal reports from users of the COVID Symptom Study app who reported a positive test for COVID-19 between Sept 28 and Dec 27, 2020 (during which the prevalence of B.1.1.7 increased most notably in parts of the UK). From this dataset, we also estimated the frequency of possible reinfection, defined as the presence of two reported positive tests separated by more than 90 days with a period of reporting no symptoms for more than 7 days before the second positive test. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections with the B.1.1.7 variant across the UK was estimated with use of genomic data from the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium and data from Public Health England on spike-gene target failure (a non-specific indicator of the B.1.1.7 variant) in community cases in England. We used linear regression to examine the association between reported symptoms and proportion of B.1.1.7. We assessed the Spearman correlation between the proportion of B.1.1.7 cases and number of reinfections over time, and between the number of positive tests and reinfections. We estimated incidence for B.1.1.7 and previous variants, and compared the effective reproduction number, Rt, for the two incidence estimates.
Findings
From Sept 28 to Dec 27, 2020, positive COVID-19 tests were reported by 36 920 COVID Symptom Study app users whose region was known and who reported as healthy on app sign-up. We found no changes in reported symptoms or disease duration associated with B.1.1.7. For the same period, possible reinfections were identified in 249 (0·7% [95% CI 0·6–0·8]) of 36 509 app users who reported a positive swab test before Oct 1, 2020, but there was no evidence that the frequency of reinfections was higher for the B.1.1.7 variant than for pre-existing variants. Reinfection occurrences were more positively correlated with the overall regional rise in cases (Spearman correlation 0·56–0·69 for South East, London, and East of England) than with the regional increase in the proportion of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant (Spearman correlation 0·38–0·56 in the same regions), suggesting B.1.1.7 does not substantially alter the risk of reinfection. We found a multiplicative increase in the Rt of B.1.1.7 by a factor of 1·35 (95% CI 1·02–1·69) relative to pre-existing variants. However, Rt fell below 1 during regional and national lockdowns, even in regions with high proportions of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant.
Interpretation
The lack of change in symptoms identified in this study indicates that existing testing and surveillance infrastructure do not need to change specifically for the B.1.1.7 variant. In addition, given that there was no apparent increase in the reinfection rate, vaccines are likely to remain effective against the B.1.1.7 variant.
Funding
Zoe Global, Department of Health (UK), Wellcome Trust, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), Alzheimer's Society
Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in a UK university identifies dynamics of transmission
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abell Chris
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Ahmadi-Assalemi Gabriela
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angelis Daniela De
- Angelis Daniela De
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R.
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A.
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Berry Sarah
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire M.
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan T.
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Braithwaite Vickie
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah E.
- Brierley Craig
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Christopher
- Brown Christopher A.
- Brown Julianne R.
- Brown Nicholas M.
- Brown Paul E.
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen N.
- Casey Anna
- Caspersz Michelle
- Ceaser Matt
- Cerda Alberto C.
- Chalker Vicki
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael H. S.
- Chapman Michael R.
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Afzal
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop J.
- Cheng Jeffrey K. J.
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Clark Roger
- Clarke Rebecca
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor David
- Connor Thomas R.
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Crowcroft Jon
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Dahal Aastha
- Danaei Darius
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Richard
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dhada Maharshi
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Dougan Gordon
- Douthwaite Julie
- Downing Fatima
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Dyer Rory
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Emanuela P.
- Enright Jessica
- Ensell Leah
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Eyre David
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben W.
- Fatseas Tania
- Faulkner Kathryn
- Fearn Christopher
- Feather Tom
- Feltwell Theresa
- Fenton Melisa L.
- Ferris Mark
- Fieldman Thomas
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe L.
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeling Anthony
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Frost Lucy R.
- Fuller Stewart
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Georgiou Christine
- Gibbs Karen
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet K.
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Glew Rob
- Glover Michael
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodall Robin
- Goodfellow Ian
- Goodfellow Ian G.
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Gransden Lucie
- Greatorex Jane
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R.
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle C.
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen F.
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Hale Antony D.
- Hall Grant
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William L.
- Hamilton William L.
- Hamilton William L.
- Hancock Dawn
- Hannan Sophie
- Haque Tanzina
- Harper Katherine L.
- Harris Kathryn A.
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ian
- Harrison James W.
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A.
- Hartman Hassan
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Henderson Robert
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hilborne Sarah
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian A.
- Hoensch Steve
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew T. G.
- Holgate Jon
- Hollamby Victoria
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hosaja Aleksandra
- Hosmillo Myra
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howes Rob
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Gareth J.
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hughes Robert
- Hunt Martin
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Izuagbe Rhys
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jahun Aminu
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- James Laura
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha G.
- John Michaela
- Johnson Dean
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Daniel R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jordan Sinead
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kahkeshi Mahin Bagheri
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Keen Martin
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Knapton James
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kuenzi Fred
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Lacy Elen De
- Lambson Oliver
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack C. D.
- Leek Danielle
- Lehner Paul
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Leong Clare
- Leslie Ian
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
- Levett Lisa J.
- Lewis Kevin
- Li Kathy K.
- Liddell Kathleen
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lindsey Benjamin B.
- Lister Michelle M.
- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa R.
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Mactavous Lenette
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana I. K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Marchetti Filippo
- Margolis Ben
- Martincorena Inigo
- Masoli Jane A. H.
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison E.
- Matheson Nicholas
- Matheson Nicholas J.
- Mathieson Nick
- Matthews Steve
- Maxwell Patrick
- Maxwell Patrick H.
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
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- The Cambridge Covid-19 testing Centre
- The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma C.
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- Thurston Scott A. J.
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- Trebes Amy
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- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel M.
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- Tynan Jo
- Underwood Anthony P.
- University of Cambridge Asymptomatic COVID-19 Screening Programm
- Unnikrishnan Meera
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- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
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- Weekes Michael P.
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- Westhorpe Adam P.
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- Whitehead Mark
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- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte A.
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- Willingham Iona
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- Zamudio Marina Escalera
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- Nature Communications
- Publication date
- 08/02/2022
- Field of study
AbstractUnderstanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission in higher education settings is important to limit spread between students, and into at-risk populations. In this study, we sequenced 482 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from the University of Cambridge from 5 October to 6 December 2020. We perform a detailed phylogenetic comparison with 972 isolates from the surrounding community, complemented with epidemiological and contact tracing data, to determine transmission dynamics. We observe limited viral introductions into the university; the majority of student cases were linked to a single genetic cluster, likely following social gatherings at a venue outside the university. We identify considerable onward transmission associated with student accommodation and courses; this was effectively contained using local infection control measures and following a national lockdown. Transmission clusters were largely segregated within the university or the community. Our study highlights key determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and effective interventions in a higher education setting that will inform public health policy during pandemics.</jats:p
Calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials
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- ZB Luklinska
- ZE Erkmen
- ZK Hong
- Α Rovira
- Α Tampieri
- ΝH Ladizesky
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Hospital admission and emergency care attendance risk for SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) compared with alpha (B.1.1.7) variants of concern: a cohort study
- Author
- Aanensen David
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Aliabadi Shirin
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah
- Bronner Iraad
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne
- Brown Paul
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto
- Chalker Vicki
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael
- Chappell Joseph
- Charalampous Themoula
- Charlett Andre
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop
- Cheng Jeffrey
- Churcher Carol
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair
- Davidson Rose
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- De Angelis Daniela
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew
- Downing Fatima
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Escalera Zamudio Marina
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan
- Eyre David
- F. Nascimento Fabricia
- Fairley Derek
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy
- Frost Lucy
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet
- Girgis Sophia
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Green Luke
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory
- Gupta Ravi
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen
- Haldenby Sam
- Hale Antony
- Hall Grant
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William
- Haque Tanzina
- Harper Katherine
- Harris Kathryn
- Harris Ross J
- Harrison Ewan
- Harrison Ian
- Harrison James
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John
- Hartman Hassan
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Hesketh Andrew
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hope Russell
- Hopes Richard
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howson-Wells Hannah
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David
- Jackson Kathryn
- Jackson Leigh
- Jahun Aminu
- James Keith
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Knight Bridget
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Langford Cordelia
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack
- Leek Danielle
- Lensing Stefanie
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
- Levett Lisa
- Lewis Kevin
- Li Kathy
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lindsey Benjamin
- Lister Michelle
- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas
- Loose Matthew
- Lopez-Bernal Jamie
- Louka Stavroula
- Loveson Katie
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen
- Lucaci Anita
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa
- Machin Nicholas
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana
- Mahungu Tabitha
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio
- Masoli Jane
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
- McCarthy Shane
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin
- McKenna James
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma
- Meadows Lizzie
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Merrill Tammy
- Miah Shahjahan
- Michell Stephen
- Michelsen Michelle
- Mirza Jeremy
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin
- Mollett Guy
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monaghan Lynn
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Munn Robert
- Myers Richard
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nelson Rachel
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nickbakhsh Seema
- Niebel Marc
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- Nyberg Tommy
- O'Brien Sarah
- O'Grady Justin
- O'Toole Elaine
- O'Toole Áine
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew
- Palmer Sophie
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi
- Parker Matthew
- Parmar Surendra
- Parsons Paul
- Partridge David
- Patel Amita
- Patel Minal
- Patel Vineet
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Payne Brendan
- Peacock Sharon
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perry Malorie
- Peto Timothy
- Pinckert Malte
- Platt Steven
- Plimmer Amy
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Presanis Anne M
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James
- Prieto Jacqui
- Puethe Christoph
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver
- Pymont Hannah
- Quail Michael
- Quick Joshua
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramsay Mary
- Randell Paul
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David
- Robinson Esther
- Robinson Trevor
- Robson Samuel
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowan Aileen
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine
- Sang Fei
- Scarlett Garry
- Schaefer Ulf
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Seaman Shaun R
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shah Rajiv
- Shankar Giri
- Shepherd James
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Signell Adrian
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David
- Singer Joshua
- Sinnathamby Mary A
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Siveroni Igor
- Sloan Tim
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin
- Smith Darren
- Smith Kim
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Wendy
- Smollett Katherine
- Snell Luke
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael
- Sridhar Sushmita
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanton Thomas
- Starinskij Igor
- Stark Richard
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David
- Swindells Emma
- Symmonds Amanda
- Taha Yusri
- Tang Julian
- Taylor Ben
- Taylor Graham
- Taylor Sarah
- Taylor-Joyce Grace
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate
- Thelwall Simon
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott
- Todd John
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander
- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine
- Twohig Katherine A
- Underwood Anthony
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vamos Edith
- Vasylyeva Tetyana
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Ian
- Volz Erik
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Wantoch Michelle
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastenge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watts Joanne
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione
- Weldon Danni
- Westhorpe Adam
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte
- Williams Chris
- Williams David
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen
- Willingham Iona
- Wilson Harry
- Wilson Rebekah
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Wise Emma
- Witele Eric
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin
- Yew Wen
- Young Gregory
- Young Jamie
- Zaidi Asad
- Zarebski Alex
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background:
The SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant was first detected in England in March, 2021. It has since rapidly become the predominant lineage, owing to high transmissibility. It is suspected that the delta variant is associated with more severe disease than the previously dominant alpha (B.1.1.7) variant. We aimed to characterise the severity of the delta variant compared with the alpha variant by determining the relative risk of hospital attendance outcomes.
Methods:
This cohort study was done among all patients with COVID-19 in England between March 29 and May 23, 2021, who were identified as being infected with either the alpha or delta SARS-CoV-2 variant through whole-genome sequencing. Individual-level data on these patients were linked to routine health-care datasets on vaccination, emergency care attendance, hospital admission, and mortality (data from Public Health England's Second Generation Surveillance System and COVID-19-associated deaths dataset; the National Immunisation Management System; and NHS Digital Secondary Uses Services and Emergency Care Data Set). The risk for hospital admission and emergency care attendance were compared between patients with sequencing-confirmed delta and alpha variants for the whole cohort and by vaccination status subgroups. Stratified Cox regression was used to adjust for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, recent international travel, area of residence, calendar week, and vaccination status.
Findings:
Individual-level data on 43 338 COVID-19-positive patients (8682 with the delta variant, 34 656 with the alpha variant; median age 31 years [IQR 17–43]) were included in our analysis. 196 (2·3%) patients with the delta variant versus 764 (2·2%) patients with the alpha variant were admitted to hospital within 14 days after the specimen was taken (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2·26 [95% CI 1·32–3·89]). 498 (5·7%) patients with the delta variant versus 1448 (4·2%) patients with the alpha variant were admitted to hospital or attended emergency care within 14 days (adjusted HR 1·45 [1·08–1·95]). Most patients were unvaccinated (32 078 [74·0%] across both groups). The HRs for vaccinated patients with the delta variant versus the alpha variant (adjusted HR for hospital admission 1·94 [95% CI 0·47–8·05] and for hospital admission or emergency care attendance 1·58 [0·69–3·61]) were similar to the HRs for unvaccinated patients (2·32 [1·29–4·16] and 1·43 [1·04–1·97]; p=0·82 for both) but the precision for the vaccinated subgroup was low.
Interpretation:
This large national study found a higher hospital admission or emergency care attendance risk for patients with COVID-19 infected with the delta variant compared with the alpha variant. Results suggest that outbreaks of the delta variant in unvaccinated populations might lead to a greater burden on health-care services than the alpha variant.
Funding:
Medical Research Council; UK Research and Innovation; Department of Health and Social Care; and National Institute for Health Research
P127 Effects of a Regionally-Specific Collagen-Based Implant on Repair of Osteochondral Defects in a Caprine Model
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2007
- Field of study