Nora e il mare. Linee metodologiche della ricerca

The paper traces the origins and importance of the present book as part of the researches carried out in Nora since 1990 by the Universities of Padova, Genova, Viterbo and Milano. After conducting for several years studies and excavations focused on urban ancient buildings and on landscape settlements, with this book the academic team aims to start the rediscovery of unpublished documents reserved in the Archives and particulary rich of informations. We have taken in account the reports written by a group of french researchers, led by M. Cassien and operating in Nora between 1978 and 1984. These long reports present the result of an intensive underwater surveys carried out around the peninsula of Nora. The documents are published in facsimile and translation form; various studies and reviews, concernig the activities and the findings, are also presented

Le ricognizioni di Michel Cassien e lâarcheologia marittima a Nora

The paper traces the history of researches and studies conducted in the marine space around the ancient city of Nora. After first attentions given to the topic from G. Patroni at the beginning of XX century, systematic underwater surveys began to be carried out after the long and fruitful season of land excavations conducted by G. Pesce between 1952 and 1956. In the Sixties an english team surveyed a large maritime space around the city, but the longest and most exhaustive project was conducted for seven years (1978-1984) by a french team lead by Michel Cassien. Less important appear the activity programs of an israeli team active until 1988. Afterwards, the research works were conducted mainly by the archaeological Superintendence of Cagliari and Oristano and by the University of Padua with the purpose of antiquities safeguard from robbery, monitoring hydrogeological risk and with the specific aim to reconstruct the topographical and functional relationship between the ancient city and the maritime space

Nuovi dati d’archivio e nuove evidenze archeologiche sulla necropoli punica orientale di Nora (Cagliari)

The ancient city of Nora is a Phoenician, Punic and Roman settlement rising on a peninsula that encloses the Gulf of Cagliari in the south-west coast of Sardinia (Italy). First authorized excavations were made by F. Nissardi in 1891-1892 on the north side of the isthmus, where the Punic chamber-tombs lie. Despite the remarkable findings published by G. Patroni (1904) and a review of grave potteries undertaken by P. Bartoloni and C. Tronchetti (1981), researches about the necropolis were only partially deepened; therefore, some reports, pictures, sketches and maps remained unpublished in the archive of Soprintendenza Archeologia belle arti paesaggio in Cagliari and in the Archivio Centrale dello Stato in Rome. A critical study of these documents has been undertaken by the University of Padova in order to reconstruct the history of investigations, to recover the archaeological records and to contextualize the finds of the last half of the 1800s in a new view of the punic necropolis of the Punic colony

L'edizione anastatica dei Rapporti di Michel Cassien

Breve introduzione all'edizione anastatica dei Rapporti originali compilati da Michel Cassien e da alcuni dei suoi collaboratori al termine delle campagne di ricognizione e di scavo subacquei condotti nelle acque di Nora (Pula, CA) tra il 1978 e il 1984

Patavium in evoluzione tra IV e I secolo a.C.: storia, architettura, edilizia

A partire dall\u2019VIII secolo a.C. Padova costituisce il pi\uf9 importante insediamento dell\u2019Italia nord-orientale abitata da popolazioni venete. Come ricordano le pi\uf9 tarde fonti, la citt\ue0 si articola attorno alle anse del fiume Meduacus con un\u2019attenta definizione degli spazi e dei loro confini interni ed esterni. Dalla seconda et\ue0 del Ferro, particolarmente dal III secolo a.C., l\u2019importanza strategica del centro ne fece un privilegiato punto di riferimento per l\u2019espansione degli interessi di Roma. Il contatto e l\u2019alleanza tra lo Stato latino e Padova gener\uf2 un progressivo cambiamento di molti caratteri dell\u2019assetto urbanistico e architettonico della citt\ue0. In questo scenario un\u2019attenzione specifica \ue8 rivolta all\u2019evoluzione delle forme del costruire come nitido segno dei cambiamenti tecnologici, economici e delle relazioni esterne che maturano nella Patavium di et\ue0 repubblicana. Tra il III e il I secolo a.C. le evidenze archeologiche mostrano come i materiali da costruzione e le tecniche della costruzione cambino per\uf2 in forma molto lenta con influenze provenienti dal mondo greco-mediterraneo. \uc8 solo con l\u2019avanzato I secolo a.C. che la cultura costruttiva romana si diffonde rapidamente e trasforma il volto dell\u2019architettura con l\u2019introduzione di nuovi materiali da costruzione, locali e importati, e con l\u2019impiego della sconosciuta tecnologia della calce. Per illustrare i cambiamenti del periodo viene presentato il caso studio dello scavo urbano pluristratificato di piazza Castello

Analysis and validation of the 3D reconstructive process through the Extended Matrix Framework of the Temple of the Roman Forum of Nora (Sardinia, CA)

In this work, we will describe the application of the Extended Matrix Framework (EMF) to the 3D reconstruction of the temple on the Roman forum of Nora. EMF represents a specific section of the Extended Matrix (EM) method, developed by the VHLab of the CNR ISPC (Rome), dedicated to the development of software solutions for 3D data management in the field of virtual reconstruction. The combination of EM and EMF allows to: map the reconstructive process, validate the entire workflow (from data ingestion to 3D modelling), manage 3D data, and share outcomes online

Le traduzioni dei Rapporti di Michel Cassien

Breve introduzione alle traduzioni in lingua italiana ai Rapporti compilati dall\u2019\ue9quipe del Touring Club de France guidata da Michel Cassien nel sito archeologico di Nora (Pula, CA)

Machine learning-based Sr isoscape of southern Sardinia: A tool for bio-geographic studies at the Phoenician-Punic site of Nora

Since prehistoric times, the island of Sardinia—in the western Mediterranean—has played a leading role in the dynamics of human population and mobility, in the circulation of raw materials and artefacts, idioms and customs, of technologies and ideas that have enriched the biological, linguistic and cultural heritage of local groups. For the Phoenician and Punic periods (from the 9th to the 3rd centuries BCE), the ancient site of Nora—in southern Sardinia—represents an emblematic case in the study of migratory phenomena that occurred on the Island from the Iron Age until the Roman conquest. Despite the importance of exploring (and characterising) such movements from a wider bio-cultural perspective, the application of bio-geochemical tools for geographical provenance to the ancient skeletal populations of Sardinia is yet scarce. The present work is the first step towards filling this gap with the development of the first isoscape of southern Sardinia using new bioavailable Sr isotope data and a machine-learning approach. From a geolithological point of view, Sardinia is rather heterogeneous and requires detailed studies to correctly assess the distribution of the isotopic signature of bioavailable Sr. The random forest model employed here to construct the Sr isoscape uses several external environmental and geological variables. The most important predictors are related to age and bedrock type, with additional input from local soil properties. A 10-fold cross-validation gives a mean square error of 0.0008 and an R-squared of 0.81, so the model correctly predicts the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of unknown areas. By using a Bayesian provenance assignment workflow, we tested the isoscape here produced to determine the geographic origin and the mobility of archaeological and modern fauna collected from the Phoenician-Punic site of Nora and the surrounding Pula Plain. Our results indicate that archaeological sheep and goats (87Sr/86Sr < 0.7090) are compatible with areas close to Nora and Pula Plain, in agreement with archaeological evidence of pastoralism in those areas. Modern wild and domesticated fauna (87Sr/86Sr > 0.7090) show compatibility with several natural and anthropogenic locations in southern Sardinia, as expected based on modern species distribution data. Finally, we discuss the large Sr isotopic variability of the Nora baseline, where human mobility studies of human cremated and inhumed individuals are currently underway

Un percorso interdisciplinare per la ricostruzione degli orizzontamenti lignei delle domus romane

In most cases, archaeological excavations provide very little information about buildings\u2019 upper parts, such as roof and floors, except for a few peculiar cases, such as Pompeii, Herculaneum and ancient Ostia. Being wood less durable than masonry, our knowledge of the rules and the principles commonly used in Antiquity to design timber structures is still limited to hypothesis. Ancient writers, such as Plinius or Vitruvius, cannot help either, due to the recurrent difficulty of interpreting structural details and technical aspects discussed in their essays. In the paper, an integrated method, able to combine the archaeological data with the architectural knowledge of the Antiquity and the support of engineering analyses, is proposed. Based on limited information already available and through the application of the simplified kinematic approach, unknown geometrical data of the Roman house have been identified through analytical formulas, thus linking a house's floor layout to its elevation. In particular, starting from the linking of the house's floor layout to its elevation, dimensional criteria for timber beams and the roof's pitch in agreement with the archaeological evidence have been defined

Prevalence of and short-term changes in conjunctival manifestations among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

[no abstract available