Anisotropic lattice softening near the structural phase transition in the thermosalient crystal 1,2,4,5-tetrabromobenzene

Mechanism of crystal jumping on heating was revealed by X-ray diffraction and computational techniques.</p

Electroencephalographic Intercentral Interaction as a Reflection of Normal and Pathological Human Brain Activity

The authors summarized EEG findings and defined the nature of the intercentral EEG relationships in different functional states in healthy subjects and patients with organic cerebral pathology, based on a coherence analysis. Similar EEG characteristics in healthy individuals were identified: an anterior-posterior gradient of average coherence levels, the type of cortical-subcortical relationships in anterior cerebral structures. Right- and left-handed individuals showed frequent and regional differences in EEG coherence, which mainly reflected specificity of intracortical relationships. Development and regression of pathology in right-and left-handed individuals with organic brain lesions were thought to be caused by these differences. Lesions of regulatory structures (diencephalic, brain stem and limbic structures) provoked a more diffused kind of changes of intercentral relationships, in contrast to cortical pathology. These changes tended to reciprocate. The dynamic nature of intercentral relationships and their interhemispheric differences was revealed when changing functional states of the brain (increase and decrease of functional level) in healthy individuals and patients with organic cerebral pathology in the process of conscious and psychic activity restoration. Changing activity predominance of certain regulatory structures was considered one of the most important factors determining the dynamic nature of EEG coherenceLos autores resumen los resultados de las investigaciones de las relaciones intercentrales de EEG de personas sanas en distintos estados funcionales y de enfermos con lesiones orgánicas del SNC, mediante análisis de coherencia. Se revelan características semejantes de la estructura de relaciones de EEG de personas sanas: la gradiente anterior-posterior de niveles medios de coherencia, el carácter de la interacción cortical-subcortical de las secciones anteriores de los hemisferios. A su vez, se detectan diferencias de frecuencia y regionales en la coherencia de EEG en diestros y zurdos, que reflejan mayoritariamente la especificidad de la interacción intracortical. Se cree que estas diferencias causan la especificidad del desarrollo y la regresión de los estados patológicos de diestros y zurdos en lesiones cerebrales orgánicas. Se señala que en las lesiones de formaciones reguladoras (diencefálicas, troncales, límbicas) Provocan unos cambios de las relaciones intercentrales más difusos que en casos de patología cortical. Estos cambios tienden a la reciprocidad. Se revela el carácter dinámico de las relaciones intercentrales y sus diferencias interhemisféricas en los cambios de los estados funcionales del cerebro (incremento, disminución del nivel de funcionamiento) en personas sanas así como en la recuperación de la conciencia y la actividad psíquica en enfermos con patología cerebral orgánica. Uno de los factores que determina el carácter dinámico del cambio de la coherencia del EEG es el cambio del predominio de la actividad de ciertas estructuras reguladoras

Involvement of Russian student youth in Internet communications as a factor in the formation of models of their socio-political activity

The methodological, methodological and practical aspects of determining the socio-political activity of student youth by factors of young people involvement in Internet communications, trust in Internet resources, and the use of digital services for satisfying information needs have been revealed. Based on the analysis of the results of sociological research, the role of the information and communication network “Internet” in the formation of young people’s attitudes to various forms of participation in socio-political practices has been highlighted. A number of information sources in the virtual space with political information has been analysed. The article includes information about the conditions and factors that affect the features of virtual communications of young people on political issues. Сonsiderable attention has been paid to the peculiarities of determining the attitudes of young people to participate in elections, as the most obvious form of their political activity. Using the methods of mathematical statistical analysis, the forms of Internet activity of young people have been studied and considered as factors of integration values political activities in dispositional personality structure, political orientation and willingness to co-operate with various actors power relations (political institutions, social movements, parties, groups of political activists), as well as acceptable forms of political behavior. Using the calculation of indices, determining measures of Central trend and variation, as well as other quantitative and qualitative diagnostic tools, a comparative analysis of the results of various sociological studies on the relationship between the level of youth involvement in the Internet space and the degree of political activity has been carried out. The features of student youth perception of political reality depending on the image of political practices in the virtual space have been characterized. Measures to create conditions for the formation of positive attitudes among young people to socially encouraged models of political activity (activity and behavior) have been justified

Tribenzoatobismuth(III): a new ­polymorph

A new polymorph (β) was obtained for an active pharmaceutical ingredient, bis­muth tribenzoate, [Bi(C6H5CO2)3]. The new β-polymorph is 1.05 times denser than the previously known polymorph [Rae et al. (1998 ▶). Acta Cryst. B54, 438–442]. In the β-polymorph, the Bi atom is linked with three benzoate anions, each of them acting as a bidentate ligand, and these assemblies with C 3 point symmetry can be considered as ‘mol­ecules’. The structure of the β-polymorph has no polymeric chains, in contrast to the previously known polymorph. The ‘mol­ecules’ in the β-polymorph are stacked along [001], so that the phenyl rings of the neighbouring mol­ecules are parallel to each other. Based on the pronounced difference in the crystal structures, one can suppose that two polymorphs should differ in the dissolution kinetics and bioavailability

Polymorphism of chlorpropamide on liquid-assisted mechanical treatment:Choice of liquid and type of mechanical treatment matter

Different types of mechanical treatment (tableting, grinding, milling,etc.) are important technological operations in the pharmaceutical industry.</p

SOCIALIZATION OF DIGITAL EDUCATION THROUGH THE ENHANCEMENT OF REMOTE TESTING

The article is based on the results of analysis of educational subjects for bachelors of the 1st, 2nd, and 3d years of education in the socio-adapted system of remote training for various management and economic specialization profiles. According to the conducted study, the course units have been determined for which remote training and controlled assessment are justified, the results of electronic testing of students have been summarized, the dynamics of the results has been revealed, the directions of enhancement of testing and testing material development technologies have been shown, the socio-adapted types of test questions have been highlighted, and examples of typical test questions have been provided, recommendations on the method of presentation of educational material have been formulated

The level of VEGF-A in the lacrimal fluid of diabetic retinopathy

The lacrimal fluid was investigated in 56 people (95 eyes) with type II diabetes, of which 11 (11 eyes) with no signs of diabetic retinopathy and 45 patients (84 eyes) suffering from diabetic retinopathy of varying severity. Investigation of VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor A) in stimulated lacrimal fluid revealed its level in all patients. It was significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy compared with data that have been obtained in patients with diabetes, but without signs of diabetic retinopathy. Statistically significant differences in the level of VEGF-A in patients with non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy of 1-3 stages have not been identified. At the same time in patients with far-advanced retinopathy with marked variations of fatal retina and vitreous body (detachment expressed gliosis), but without evidence of neovascularization of the anterior eye, a significant decrease in the level of vasoproliferative factors has revealed

The role of fluids in high-pressure polymorphism of drugs: Different behaviour of β-chlorpropamide in different inert gas and liquid media

Compression of β-chlorpropamide gives different phases depending on the choice of non-dissolving pressure-transmitting fluid (paraffin, neon and helium).</p