2,981 research outputs found
The Formaldehyde Masers in Sgr B2: Very Long Baseline Array and Very Large Array Observations
Observations of two of the formaldehyde (H2CO) masers (A and D) in Sgr B2
using the VLBA+Y27 (resolution ~0.01") and the VLA (resolution ~9") are
presented. The VLBA observations show compact sources (<10 milliarcseconds, <80
AU) with brightness temperatures >10^8 K. The maser sources are partially
resolved in the VLBA observations. The flux densities in the VLBA observations
are about 1/2 those of the VLA; and, the linewidths are about 2/3 of the VLA
values. The applicability of a core-halo model for the emission distribution is
demonstrated. Comparison with earlier H2CO absorption observations and with
ammonia (NH3) observations suggests that H2CO masers form in shocked gas.
Comparison of the integrated flux densities in current VLA observations with
those in previous observations indicates that (1) most of the masers have
varied in the past 20 years, and (2) intensity variations are typically less
than a factor of two compared to the 20-year mean. No significant linear or
circular polarization is detected with either instrument.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, accepted to Ap
Design Space Exploration: Bridging the Gap Between HighÂâLevel Models and Virtual ExecutionPlatforms
International audienceThispaper presents a novel embedded systems modeling framework that fills the gap betweenhigh-Ââlevel AADL models and low-Ââlevel hardware virtual execution platforms. This approach allows refinement and improvement of system performance through exploration of architectures at different levels of abstraction. The aim of the proposed approach is to achieve virtual prototyping of the complete system in order to allow validation to begin early in the design flow, thereby accelerating its development while improving system performances
An exactly solvable coarse-grained model for species diversity
We present novel analytical results about ecosystem species diversity that
stem from a proposed coarse grained neutral model based on birth-death
processes. The relevance of the problem lies in the urgency for understanding
and synthesizing both theoretical results of ecological neutral theory and
empirical evidence on species diversity preservation. Neutral model of
biodiversity deals with ecosystems in the same trophic level where per-capita
vital rates are assumed to be species-independent. Close-form analytical
solutions for neutral theory are obtained within a coarse-grained model, where
the only input is the species persistence time distribution. Our results
pertain: the probability distribution function of the number of species in the
ecosystem both in transient and stationary states; the n-points connected time
correlation function; and the survival probability, definned as the
distribution of time-spans to local extinction for a species randomly sampled
from the community. Analytical predictions are also tested on empirical data
from a estuarine fish ecosystem. We find that emerging properties of the
ecosystem are very robust and do not depend on specific details of the model,
with implications on biodiversity and conservation biology.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Journal of Statistichal Mechanic
A New Galactic 6cm Formaldehyde Maser
We report the detection of a new H2CO maser in the massive star forming
region G23.71-0.20 (IRAS 18324-0820), i.e., the fifth region in the Galaxy
where H2CO maser emission has been found. The new H2CO maser is located toward
a compact HII region, and is coincident in velocity and position with 6.7 GHz
methanol masers and with an IR source as revealed by Spitzer/IRAC GLIMPSE data.
The coincidence with an IR source and 6.7 GHz methanol masers suggests that the
maser is in close proximity to an embedded massive protostar. Thus, the
detection of H2CO maser emission toward G23.71-0.20 supports the trend that
H2CO 6cm masers trace molecular material very near young massive stellar
objects.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letter
A Search for H2CO 6cm Emission toward Young Stellar Objects III: VLA Observations
We report the results of our third survey for formaldehyde (H2CO) 6cm maser
emission in the Galaxy. Using the Very Large Array, we detected two new H2CO
maser sources (G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18), thus increasing the sample of
known H2CO maser regions in the Galaxy to seven. We review the characteristics
of the G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18 star forming regions. The H2CO masers in
G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18 share several properties with the other known H2CO
masers, in particular, emission from rich maser environments and close
proximity to very young massive stellar objects.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement
Serie
Implementation lessons learnt when trialling palliative care interventions in the intensive care unit: relationships between determinants, implementation strategies, and models of delivery-a systematic review protocol
BACKGROUND: Heterogeneity amongst palliative care interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) and their outcomes has meant that, even when found to be effective, translation of evidence into practice is hindered. Previous evidence reviews have suggested that the field of ICU-based palliative care would benefit from well-designed, targeted interventions, with explicit knowledge translation research demonstrating valid implementation strategies. Reviewing effectiveness studies alongside process evaluations for these interventions will give insight into the implementation barriers or constraints identified, and the implementation strategies adopted. METHODS: A systematic review to identify and synthesise knowledge on how models of integrating palliative care into the ICU have been implemented and provide critical recommendations for successful future development and implementation of complex interventions in the field. The search will be carried out using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. The search strategy will combine terms related to palliative care, intensive care, and implementation. Only full-text articles will be considered and conference abstracts excluded. There will be no date or language restrictions. The Implementation Research Logic Model will be used as a framework for synthesis. Findings will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. DISCUSSION: This review will provide understanding of implementation facilitators, barriers, and strategies, when employing palliative care interventions within the ICU. This will provide valuable recommendations for successful future development of complex interventions using implementation frameworks or theories. This can increase the potential for sustained change in practice, reduce heterogeneity in interventions, and therefore help produce measurable and comparable outcomes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: International Prospective Register of Systematic reviews PROSPERO (CRD42022311052)
Arctic Sea Ice Loss in Different Regions Leads to Contrasting Northern Hemisphere Impacts
To explore the mechanisms linking Arctic sea-ice loss to changes in mid-latitude surface temperatures, we conduct idealized modeling experiments using an intermediate general circulation model and with sea-ice loss confined to the Atlantic or Pacific sectors of the Arctic (Barents-Kara or Chukchi-Bering Seas). Extending previous findings, there are opposite effects on the winter stratospheric polar vortex for both large-magnitude (late twenty-first century) and moderate-magnitude sea-ice loss. Accordingly, there are opposite tropospheric Arctic Oscillation (AO) responses for moderate-magnitude sea-ice loss. However, there are similar strength negative AO responses for large-magnitude sea-ice loss, suggesting that tropospheric mechanisms become relatively more important than stratospheric mechanisms as the sea-ice loss magnitude increases. The mid-latitude surface temperature response for each loss region and magnitude can be understood as the combination of an âindirectâ part induced by the large-scale circulation (AO) response, and a residual âdirectâ part that is local to the loss region
An H2CO 6cm Maser Pinpointing a Possible Circumstellar Torus in IRAS18566+0408
We report observations of 6cm, 3.6cm, 1.3cm, and 7mm radio continuum,
conducted with the Very Large Array towards IRAS18566+0408, one of the few
sources known to harbor H2CO 6cm maser emission. Our observations reveal that
the emission is dominated by an ionized jet at cm wavelengths. Spitzer/IRAC
images from GLIMPSE support this interpretation, given the presence of 4.5um
excess emission at approximately the same orientation as the cm continuum. The
7mm emission is dominated by thermal dust from a flattened structure almost
perpendicular to the ionized jet, thus, the 7mm emission appears to trace a
torus associated with a young massive stellar object. The H2CO 6cm maser is
coincident with the center of the torus-like structure. Our observations rule
out radiative pumping via radio continuum as the excitation mechanism for the
H2CO 6cm maser in IRAS18566+0408.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, ApJ (in press
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