A factorial approach in the development of a basketball rating scale to evaluate players in a game situation

The primary purpose of this research was to develop a valid and reliable rating scale for use in evaluating the physical performance of female basketball players in a game situation. The secondary problems deriving from the formulation of the scale were (a) the identification of specific factors (items)for evaluating basketball skill in the competitive situation and (b) the feasibility of using factor analysis as a statistical technique for collapsing components of play into a viable rating scale. A theoretical structure of basketball performance was developed which included seven categories of basketball performance. A 96-item rating scale was designed which purportedly represented the seven categories: shooting ability and offensive moves, defensive moves and tactics, ball handling, rebounding, speed and quickness, body control and balance, and general floor play. The identification of the seven categories was based on an investigation of the literature, interviews with coaches and physical educators, and observation of individual players. The original 96-item rating scale was utilized to evaluate the performance of thirty-eight interscholastic and intercollegiate female basketball players

Crop Updates 2000 - Cereals part 1

This session covers eleven papers from different authors: PLENARY PAPERS 1. New Wheat for a Secure, Sustainable Future, Timothy G. Reeves, Sanjaya Rajaram, Maarten van Ginkel, Richard Trethowan, Hans-Joachim Braun, and Kelly Cassaday, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 2. Managing Cereal Rusts - a National Perspective, R.A. McIntosh, University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, New South Wales 3. Managing Cereal Rusts in 2000 - a regional imperative, R. Loughman, Agriculture Western Australia 4. Is nutrition the answer to wheat after canola problems?Ross Brennan1, Bill Bowden1, Mike Bolland1, Zed Rengel2 and David Isbister2 1 Agriculture Western Australia 2University of Western Australia 5. Improved Sandplain Cropping Systems by Controlled Traffic, Dr Paul Blackwell, Agriculture Western Australia 6. Raised bed farming for improved cropping of waterlogged soils, Derk Bakker, Greg Hamilton, David Houlbrooke, Cliff Spann and Doug Rowe, Agriculture Western Australia 7. Banded Urea increased wheat yields, Patrick Gethin, Stephen Loss, Frank Boetel, and Tim O’Dea, CSBP futurefarm 8. Flexi N is as effective as Urea on wheat and canola, Frank Boetel, Stephen Loss, Patrick Gethin, and Tim O’Dea CSBP futurefarm 9. Why potassium may reduce cereal leaf disease, Noeleen Edwards, Agriculture Western Australia 10, Trace elements, Wayne Pluske CSBP futurefarm, and Ross BrennanAgriculture Western Australia 11. Historical Nutrient Balance at Paddock and Whole Farm scales for typical wheatbelt farms in the Dowerin - Wongan Hills area, M.T.F. Wong, K. Wittwer and H. Zhang Precision Agriculture Research Group, CSIRO Land and Wate

Denitrification Potential, Sulfate Reducer Populations and Oxidation-Reduction Potentials of Wetland Soils Associated With Three Agricultural Management Systems

How agricultural management systems may change or affect the numerous activities of wetlands is not understood. This study was an initial attempt to acquire information which may help to one day achieve such understanding. The study was designed to investigate six primary objectives: (1) to screen for differences in denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) values of wetland-associated soils of three different farms, where each farm used a different management system; (2) to determine differences in DEA values of wetland-associated soils relating to season and location; (3) to assay selected lowland sites of semi-permanent wetlands on the farms for numbers of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB); (4) to assay selected lowland sites of semi-permanent wetlands on the farms for oxidation-reduction (redox) potential values; (5) to ascertain what interrelationships might exist between these anaerobic measures; and (6) to ascertain whether the three farms of the study differed significantly in these anaerobic measures. Wetland-associated soils on three different farms were investigated. Each of the farms was chosen to represent a different agricultural management system. The three agricultural management systems that were represented were conventional (CON), transitional no-till (TNT), and organic (ORG). The CON and TNT systems used synthetic fertilizers and chemical pesticides, whereas the ORG system used no synthetic fertilizers and generally no chemical pesticides. The three farms had very similar soil types and were located close together in northern Minnehaha and southern Lake counties of east central South Dakota. Upland and lowland soils associated with selected seasonal and semi-permanent wetlands on the three farms were investigated for DEA values. Selected lowland soils associated with semi-permanent wetlands were assayed for redox potential using a portable redox electrode and meter, as well as for populations of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) by using most probable number (MPN) methodology. It appeared, from the limited data available on the denitrification rates of semi-permanent wetlands, that no consistent difference existed between the denitrification potential of the lowlands of seasonal wetlands versus the lowlands of semi-permanent wetlands. Most probable number (MPN) data for SRB indicated differences in SRB numbers between wetlands and between upland versus lowland sites of individual wetlands. Oxidation-reduction potentials were measured seven times between June 15 and September 24, 1995. All measurements were less than +100 mV, indicative of reducing soil environments which are believed to be more favorable to SRB (-240 mV) than to denitrifiers (+740 mV). There seemed to be a correlation between semi-permanent redox values and SRB-MPNs

Leaf-feeding Weevil in Sugarbeet

E-127

VEGF: a modifier of the del22q11 (DiGeorge) syndrome?

VEGF: a modifier of the del22q11 (DiGeorge) syndrome? Stalmans I, Lambrechts D, De Smet F, Jansen S, Wang J, Maity S, Kneer P, von der Ohe M, Swillen A, Maes C, Gewillig M, Molin DG, Hellings P, Boetel T, Haardt M, Compernolle V, Dewerchin M, Plaisance S, Vlietinck R, Emanuel B, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Scambler P, Morrow B, Driscol DA, Moons L, Esguerra CV, Carmeliet G, Behn-Krappa A, Devriendt K, Collen D, Conway SJ, Carmeliet P. The Center for Transgene Technology and Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Hemizygous deletion of chromosome 22q11 (del22q11) causes thymic, parathyroid, craniofacial and life-threatening cardiovascular birth defects in 1 in 4,000 infants. The del22q11 syndrome is likely caused by haploinsufficiency of TBX1, but its variable expressivity indicates the involvement of additional modifiers. Here, we report that absence of the Vegf164 isoform caused birth defects in mice, reminiscent of those found in del22q11 patients. The close correlation of birth and vascular defects indicated that vascular dysgenesis may pathogenetically contribute to the birth defects. Vegf interacted with Tbx1, as Tbx1 expression was reduced in Vegf164-deficient embryos and knocked-down vegf levels enhanced the pharyngeal arch artery defects induced by tbx1 knockdown in zebrafish. Moreover, initial evidence suggested that a VEGF promoter haplotype was associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular birth defects in del22q11 individuals. These genetic data in mouse, fish and human indicate that VEGF is a modifier of cardiovascular birth defects in the del22q11 syndrome

VEGF: A modifier of the del22q11 (DiGeorge) syndrome?

Hemizygous deletion of chromosome 22q11 (del22q11) causes thymic, parathyroid, craniofacial and life-threatening cardiovascular birth defects in 1 in 4,000 infants. The del22q11 syndrome is likely caused by haploinsufficiency of TBX1, but its variable expressivity indicates the involvement of additional modifiers. Here, we report that absence of the Vegf164 isoform caused birth defects in mice, reminiscent of those found in del22q11 patients. The close correlation of birth and vascular defects indicated that vascular dysgenesis may pathogenetically contribute to the birth defects. Vegf interacted with Tbx1, as Tbx1 expression was reduced in Vegf164-deficient embryos and knocked-down vegf levels enhanced the pharyngeal arch artery defects induced by tbx1 knockdown in zebrafish. Moreover, initial evidence suggested that a VEGF promoter haplotype was associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular birth defects in del22q11 individuals. These genetic data in mouse, fish and human indicate that VEGF is a modifier of cardiovascular birth defects in the del22q11 syndrome.status: publishe