73 research outputs found
Unsicherheit, Ungewissheit, Risiko: die aktuelle wissenschaftliche Diskussion ĂŒber die Bestimmung von Risiken
Manche nennen sie Schwarze SchwĂ€ne, andere Unknown Unknowns: So unterschiedlichen Ereignissen wie dem Attentat auf ein RegierungsgebĂ€ude in Oslo und ein Feriencamp der norwegischen Jungsozialisten, dem anhaltenden arabischen FrĂŒhling, dem Nuklearunfall im japanischen Fukushima oder der weltweiten Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise ist gemeinsam, dass sie fĂŒr viele Beobachter und Betroffene ĂŒberraschend kamen. Sie geben Anlass zu der Frage, ob wir Risiken, die aus unsicheren Entwicklungen resultieren, hinreichend bestimmen können. Zuletzt wurde diese Frage intensiv nach den TerroranschlĂ€gen des 11. September 2001 diskutiert. Mit den genannten Ereignissen hat das Thema neuen Aufwind erhalten. Die ausgewĂ€hlten Publikationen bieten verschiedene Definitionen von Risiko und Unsicherheit. Sie zeigen, dass eine wachsende Zahl von wissenschaftlichen Beobachtern das rational-objektive RisikoverstĂ€ndnis in Frage stellt und fĂŒr eine stĂ€rkere BerĂŒcksichtigung von Ungewissheiten plĂ€diert. (Autorenreferat
A Novel Likely Pathogenic Variant in the BLOC1S5 Gene Associated with Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Type 11 and an Overview of Human BLOC-1 Deficiencies
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a heterogeneous disorder combining oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and a platelet function disorder of varying severity as its most prominent
features. The genes associated with HPS encode for different BLOC- (biogenesis of lysosome-related
organelles complex) complexes and for the AP-3 (adaptor protein-3) complex, respectively. These
proteins are involved in maturation, trafficking, and the function of lysosome-related organelles
(LROs) such as melanosomes and platelet ÎŽ-granules. Some patients with different types of HPS
can develop additional complications and symptoms like pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous colitis,
and immunodeficiency. A new type of HPS has recently been identified associated with genetic
alterations in the BLOC1S5 gene, which encodes the subunit Muted of the BLOC-1 complex. Our
aim was to unravel the genetic defect in two siblings with a suspected HPS diagnosis (because of
OCA and bleeding symptoms) using next generation sequencing (NGS). Platelet functional analysis
revealed reduced platelet aggregation after stimulation with ADP and a severe secretion defect in
platelet ÎŽ-granules. NGS identified a novel homozygous essential splice site variant in the BLOC1S5
gene present in both affected siblings who are descendants of a consanguine marriage. The patients
exhibited no additional symptoms. Our study confirms that pathogenic variants of BLOC1S5 cause
the recently described HPS type 11
Alterations in ubiquitin ligase SIAH-2 and its corepressor N-COR after P-mapa immunotherapy and anti-androgen therapy: new therapeutic opportunities for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
The present study describes the role of the ubiquitin ligase Siah-2 and corepressor N-CoR in controlling androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptors (ERa and ER beta) signaling in an appropriate animal model (Fischer 344 female rats) of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), especially under conditions of anti-androgen therapy with flutamide. Furthermore, this study describes the mechanisms of a promising therapeutic alternative for NMIBC based on Protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride (P-MAPA) intravesical immunotherapy combined with flutamide, involving the interaction among steroid hormone receptors, their regulators and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Our results demonstrated that increased Siah-2 and AR protein levels and decreased N-CoR, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and estrogen receptors levels played a critical role in the urothelial carcinogenesis, probably leading to escape of urothelial cancer cells from immune system attack. P-MAPA immunotherapy led to distinct activation of innate immune system TLRs 2 and 4-mediated, resulting in increase of interferon signaling pathway, which was more effective in recovering the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment and in recovering the bladder histology features than BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) treatments. The AR blockade therapy was important in the modulating of downstream molecules of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathway, decreasing the inflammatory cytokines signaling and enhancing the interferon signaling pathway when associated with P-MAPA. Taken together, the data obtained suggest that interferon signaling pathway activation and targeting AR and Siah-2 signals by P-MAPA intravesical immunotherapy alone and/or in combination with AR blockade may provide novel therapeutic approaches for NMIBC8544274443CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTĂFICO E TECNOLĂGICO - CNPQFUNDAĂĂO DE AMPARO Ă PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SĂO PAULO - FAPESP490519/2011-32012/20706-2; 2012/13585-
Organic carbon content and carbon isotope variations across the Permo-Triassic boundary in the Gartnerkofel-1 borehole, Carnic Alps, Austria
The Gartnerkofel borehole is one of the most thoroughly studied and described Permo-Triassic sections in the world. Detailed bulk organic carbon isotope studies show a negative base shift from â 24â° to â 28â° in the Latest Permian which latter value persists into the Earliest Triassic after which it decreases slightly to â 26â°. Two strongly negative peaks of > â 38â° in the Latest Permian and a lesser peak of â 31â° in the Early Triassic are too negative to be due to a greater proportion of more negative organic matter and must be due to very negative methane effects. The overall change to more negative values across the Bulla/Tesero boundary fits the relative rise in sea level for this transition based on the facies changes. A positive shift in organic carbon isotope values at the Late Permian Event Horizon may be due to an increase in land-derived organic detritus at this levelâa feature shown by all Tethyan Permo-Triassic boundary sections though these other sections do not have the same values. Carbonate carbon isotope trends are similar in all sections dropping by 2â3 units across the Permo-Triassic boundary. Gartnerkofel carbonate oxygen values are surprisingly, considering the ubiquitous dolomitization, compatible with values elsewhere and indicate reasonable tropical temperatures of 60 °C in the Latest Permian sabkhas to 20â40 °C in the overlying marine transition beds. Increased land-derived input at the Late Permian Event Horizon may be due to offshore transport by tsunamis whose deposits have been recognized in India at this level
Rotating savings and credit association (ROSCAs): Selbsthilfepotential und Foerderungspolitiken
Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel W 546 (32) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
Die Werfener Schichten in den Karnischen Alpen und westlichen Karawanken (Ăsterreich und Italien) : Untersuchungen zur Geologie und PalĂ€ontologie im nordöstlichen Bereich der SĂŒdalpen
Experimental and modeling approach to study sorption of dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants to microbial biofilms
A biofilm reactor was developed to investigate the sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as model compounds for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOC) to intact microbial biofilms at environmentally realistic concentrations. When operated as a differential column batch reactor, the system can be used to study the thermodynamics as well as the kinetics of the exchange of HOC between an aqueous phase and microbial biofilms. Organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (Koc) for phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene were at the lower end of those known for other organic sorbents. Intra-biofilm diffusion coefficients (D) were calculated from decrease in solute concentration over time using a model for diffusion through a plane sheet and ranged from 0.23 to 0.45Ă10â9 cm2 sâ1 for the three PAH. These diffusion coefficients are about four orders of magnitude lower than those reported in literature for free aqueous solution. These data and the experimental approach presented here are useful to assess the importance of microbial biofilms for exchange processes of HOC in heterogeneous systems such as water distribution systems, membranes and aquifers, sewer systems or surface soils
- âŠ