Comparison between 1-D and grey-box models of a SOFC

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have shown unique performance in terms of greater electrical efficiency and thermochemical integrity with the power systems compared to gas turbines and internal combustion engines. Nonetheless, simple and reliable models still must be defined. In this paper, a comparison between a grey-box model and a 1-D model of a SOFC is performed to understand the impact of the heat transfer inside the cell on the internal temperature distribution of the solid electrolyte. Hence, a significant internal temperature peak of the solid electrolyte is observed for a known difference between anode and cathode inlet temperatures. Indeed, it highlights the difference between the 1-D model and the grey-box model regarding the thermal conditioning of the SOFC. Therefore, the results of this study can be used to investigate the reliability of the thermal results of box models in system-level simulations

Tagging b jets with electrons and muons at CMS

The first results of identification of jets from b quarks with soft-lepton tagging algorithms are presented in this note. Jets are built from the energy deposits in the electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters, with an iterative cone algorithm. Electrons and muons are searched for among the reconstructed charged particle tracks associated to these jets with an angular distance criterion. The muon identification is based on standard muon reconstruction algorithms, exploiting the dedicated muon detectors, while electron identification is based on the extrapolation of charged particle tracks into the calorimeter and a detailed analysis of the calorimeter clusters in the region around the track. Jets from b quarks are identified from the kinematic properties of the leptons relative to the jet and the significance of the three dimensional impact parameter of the lepton with respect to the event vertex. The effect of not incorporating the impact parameter significance, as would be necessary for data collected prior to the installation of the silicon pixel tracking detector, is also studied

Rooting empowering reactivating. Rehabilitation of traditional heritage and local development

Can the rehabilitation of traditional heritage through the conservation, transmission, and adaptation of traditional construction techniques, represents an opportunity for the local development of marginal places? Rooting empowering reactivating focuses on the intersection of heritage and local development, delving into the interactions between NGOs, communities, minor heritage recovery and possibilities for inclusive local development and reactivation. The intersection was analysed by adopting a multidisciplinary and multicriterial analysis of the the unconventional practices of community-rooted rehabilitation of some international NGOs invited to the contributed to the series of seminars on the Rehabilitation of traditional heritage and local development (RTHLD, 2019-2022). The NGOs involved in this series of seminars operate mainly in the restoration of minor, diffuse, and non-monumental heritage, that is functional and aimed at satisfying basic needs. The rehabilitated heritage is often located in marginal places, that have experienced strong migratory phenomena in recent decades. Depopulation was often coupled with a radical change in lifestyles, which have altered the rhythms of living, the bonds, and the reciprocity links between villagers that used to allow survival in such contexts. Local society has dissolved, and consequently the collective care and maintenance of heritage and places has faded. Next to this, inhabitants often show a lack of interest in taking care of a heritage, both because it is linked to imaginaries of poverty and backwardness, and as a consequence of a decrease in manual skills and traditional knowledge. Communities are often no longer considered autonomous regarding the technical management of their own heritage and in many instances the intervention by outsiders has been instrumental, if not necessary, to conserve, protect, rehabilitate, and transmit a heritage that would otherwise probably no longer exist today. NGOs however have set themselves the objective of not only preventing the loss of artefacts and the local building knowledge associated with them, but also of traditions, social ties, and ways of living. In this sense, heritage restoration and recovery of traditional practices can represent a strategy to promoting living again in marginal places, as well as reactivating the local community. This requires a holistic approach, an in-depth knowledge of local needs and aspirations, and also a broad and transversal view. The aim of this book is to widen the debate on these topics by providing concrete examples of practices of high human and social quality, and to reinforce the role and consciousness of NGOs, showing how their work can have an impact on the preservation and adaptation of heritage and traditions, on community empowerment, as well as on the overall future of marginal places. The intent behind is to establish a connection and stimulate a dialogue between practitioners and academia, bringing together different forms of knowledge: NGOs offered knowledge based on practical experience, and academics methodological insights and theoretical references. The book is divided into three main parts: a multidisciplinary reading scheme that can support residents, NGOs and institutions involved in community promotion and reactivation processes through actions on their habitat – whether at a practical, academic or institutional level; a collection of heritage recovery and local reactivation actions by the members of NGOs invited to the seminars; the debate between practitioners and academics on fundamental issues such as tourism, empowerment of local communities, multidisciplinarity, innovation, generative potential, to name but a few

Towards a Radio-guided Surgery with β−\beta^{-} Decays: Uptake of a somatostatin analogue (DOTATOC) in Meningioma and High Grade Glioma

A novel radio guided surgery (RGS) technique for cerebral tumors using $\beta^{-}$ radiation is being developed. Checking the availability of a radio-tracer that can deliver a $\beta^{-}$ emitter to the tumor is a fundamental step in the deployment of such technique. This paper reports a study of the uptake of 90Y labeled (DOTATOC) in the meningioma and the high grade glioma (HGG) and a feasibility study of the RGS technique in these cases.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure

FIRST experiment: Fragmentation of Ions Relevant for Space and Therapy

Nuclear fragmentation processes are relevant in different fields of basic research and applied physics and are of particular interest for tumor therapy and for space radiation protection applications. The FIRST (Fragmentation of Ions Relevant for Space and Therapy) experiment at SIS accelerator of GSI laboratory in Darmstadt, has been designed for the measurement of different ions fragmentation cross sections at different energies between 100 and 1000 MeV/nucleon. The experiment is performed by an international collaboration made of institutions from Germany, France, Italy and Spain. The experimental apparatus is partly based on an already existing setup made of the ALADIN magnet, the MUSIC IV TPC, the LAND2 neutron detector and the TOFWALL scintillator TOF system, integrated with newly designed detectors in the interaction Region (IR) around the carbon removable target: a scintillator Start Counter, a Beam Monitor drift chamber, a silicon Vertex Detector and a Proton Tagger for detection of light fragments emitted at large angles (KENTROS). The scientific program of the FIRST experiment started on summer 2011 with the study of the 400 MeV/nucleon 12C beam fragmentation on thin (8mm) carbon targe

An Intraoperative β−\beta^- Detecting Probe For Radio-Guided Surgery in Tumour Resection

The development of the $\beta^-$ based radio-guided surgery aims to extend the technique to those tumours where surgery is the only possible treatment and the assessment of the resection would most profit from the low background around the lesion, as for brain tumours. Feasibility studies on meningioma, glioma, and neuroendocrine tumors already estimated the potentiality of this new treatment. To validate the technique, prototypes of the intraoperative probe required by the technique to detect $\beta^-$ radiation have been developed. This paper discusses the design details of the device and the tests performed in laboratory. In such tests particular care has to be taken to reproduce the surgical field conditions. The innovative technique to produce specific phantoms and the dedicated testing protocols is described in detail.Comment: 7 pages, 15 figure

Preface. Rehabilitation of Traditional Heritage and Local Development (RTHLD) seminars

Since 2019, the Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning (DIST) of the Politecnico di Torino and the University of Turin, in collaboration with the Post-graduate School of Architectural and Landscape Heritage, has organized a series of seminars on the Rehabilitation of Traditional Heritage and Local Development (RTHLD). These events focus on the preservation of lesser-built heritage and its role in fostering local development through community-rooted rehabilitation practices. The seminars emphasize the integration of traditional building techniques with strategies for empowering local communities, preserving living landscapes, and promoting inclusive development. The series brings together NGOs, academics, and practitioners to share knowledge, engage in debates, and explore themes such as community empowerment, tourism, multidisciplinarity, and innovation. Each seminar includes lectures by NGO representatives, roundtable discussions, and collaborative exchanges, facilitating both practical insights and theoretical analysis. Through the seminars, an international network of NGOs has been established, fostering dialogue between practice and academia. This collaboration has contributed to the development of methodologies and strategies for sustainable heritage conservation and community revitalization in marginal areas. This publication extends the discussion, presenting concrete examples of high-quality practices and proposing a multidisciplinary framework to support community-driven initiatives. The work underscores the importance of bridging academic expertise with experiential knowledge, fostering a shared commitment to heritage preservation and community empowerment

Eutrophication, Research and Management History of the Shallow Ypacaraí Lake (Paraguay)

Ypacaraí Lake is the most renowned lake in landlocked Paraguay and a major source of drinking and irrigation water for neighbouring towns. Beyond its socioeconomic and cultural significance, it has great ecological importance, supporting a rich biodiversity. Rapid growth of human presence and activities within its basin has led to its environmental degradation, a heartfelt matter of high political concern that compels intervention. Here, by reconstructing the history of scientific and management-oriented research on this system, we provide a comprehensive assessment of current knowledge and practice to which we contribute our recent, novel findings. An upward trend in total phosphorus concentration confirms ongoing eutrophication of an already eutrophic system, evidenced by consistently high values of trophic state indices. Downward trends in water transparency and chlorophyll-a concentration support the hypothesis that primary production in this lake is fundamentally light limited. Statistical and other analyses suggest high sensitivity of the system to hydraulic, hydro-morphological and hydro-meteorological alterations arising, respectively, from engineering interventions, land use and climate change. By discussing knowledge gaps, opportunities for research and challenges for management and restoration, we argue that this case is of high scientific value and that its study can advance theoretical understanding of shallow subtropical lakes. View Full-Tex