10 research outputs found
Effect of noble metal addition over active Ru/TiO2 catalyst for CO selective methanation from H2 rich-streams
Financial support for this work has been obtained from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Grant: RTI2018-096294-B-C33) and Junta de Andalucia project with reference US-1263288, both programs being co-funded by the European Union FEDER.Selective CO methanation from H2-rich stream has been regarded as a promising route for deep removal of low CO concentration and catalytic hydrogen purification processes. This work is focused on the development of more efficient catalysts applied in practical conditions. For this purpose, we prepared a series of catalysts based on Ru supported over titania and promoted with small amounts of Rh and Pt. Characterization details revealed that Rh and Pt modify the electronic properties of Ru. The results of catalytic activity showed that Pt has a negative effect since it promotes the reverse water gas shift reaction decreasing the selectivity of methanation but Rh increases remarkably the activity and selectivity of CO methanation. The obtained results suggest that RuRh-based catalyst could become important for the treatment of industrial-volume streams.Spanish Government
RTI2018-096294-B-C33European Union (EU)Junta de Andalucia
US-126328
Comparison of traditional and DNA metabarcoding samples for monitoring tropical soil arthropods (Formicidae, Collembola and Isoptera)
The soil fauna of the tropics remains one of the least known components of the biosphere. Long-term monitoring of this fauna is hampered by the lack of taxonomic expertise and funding. These obstacles may potentially be lifted with DNA metabarcoding. To validate this approach, we studied the ants, springtails and termites of 100 paired soil samples from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The fauna was extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels and then either sorted with traditional taxonomy and known, individual DNA barcodes (“traditional samples”) or processed with metabarcoding (“metabarcoding samples”). We detected 49 ant, 37 springtail and 34 termite species with 3.46 million reads of the COI gene, at a mean sequence length of 233 bp. Traditional identification yielded 80, 111 and 15 species of ants, springtails and termites, respectively; 98%, 37% and 100% of these species had a Barcode Index Number (BIN) allowing for direct comparison with metabarcoding. Ants were best surveyed through traditional methods, termites were better detected by metabarcoding, and springtails were equally well detected by both techniques. Species richness was underestimated, and faunal composition was different in metabarcoding samples, mostly because 37% of ant species were not detected. The prevalence of species in metabarcoding samples increased with their abundance in traditional samples, and seasonal shifts in species prevalence and faunal composition were similar between traditional and metabarcoding samples. Probable false positive and negative species records were reasonably low (13–18% of common species). We conclude that metabarcoding of samples extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels appear suitable for the long-term monitoring of termites and springtails in tropical rainforests. For ants, metabarcoding schemes should be complemented by additional samples of alates from Malaise or light traps
Metal micromonoliths for the cleaning of H2 by means of methanation reactions
Esta versiĂłn es la versiĂłn aceptada por la revista en la que aparecen resaltados los cambios hechos en el documento original por sugerencia de los revisores.The present manuscript presents for the first time the structuring of a Ru/TiO2 catalyst
that was achieved by means of the washcoating procedure using homemade metal
micromonoliths (Fecralloy®) of 1330 cpsi. For this, an optimized formulation of the
slurried catalyst as well as a reproducible protocol for the coating of the micromonoliths
were successfully achieved. The obtained structured systems were tested in the
selective CO methanation reaction and the effect of different variables over the catalytic
performance were analyzed such as the amount of loaded catalyst in the micromonoliths,
the temperature of reaction, the space velocity, and the amount of CO and H2 within the
feed-stream. The study of all of these parameters allowed to establish optimal conditions
to maximize the performance of the structured Ru/TiO2 catalyst and subsequently, this
was tested under those cited conditions in long-term tests (~375 h), including shut-down/start-up cycles, aiming to evaluate its catalytic stability. The system presented a considerable stability along the different test without loss of catalytic activity, being
specially remarkable its resistance to the inclusion of shut-down/start-up cycles.
Therefore, this study lays the foundations for future development of more sophisticated
structured systems for the selective CO methanation based on the structuring strategy
proposed.Universidad de JaĂ©n a travĂ©s del programa “Acci´on 6 del Plan de Apoyo a la Investigaci´on de la Universidad de Ja´en (2017-2019)” para el contrato de O.H. LagunaMinisterio de EconomĂa y Competitividad a travĂ©s de la beca CTQ2015-73901-JIN, cofinanciada con fondos FEDER de la UniĂłn Europea.Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad a travĂ©s de la financiaciĂłn del proyecto RTI2018-096294-B-C33, cofinanciado con fondos FEDER de la UniĂłn Europea.Junta de AndalucĂa a travĂ©s de su apoyo econĂłmico a la unidad TEP10
Biomass gasification, catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol: New horizons for industry decarbonisation
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission target. The implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply system. Renewable fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector, particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are required. In addition, it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the long-term. Information on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to industrial-scale. This review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel reactors. Tar abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment, for this, membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this paper. Microchannel reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic residues. Finally, the development of a process chain for the production of (i) methanol as an intermediate energy carrier, (ii) electricity and (iii) heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification, gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed