Amino acid content of rabbit urine and plasma

The content of amino acids in plasma and urine from male albino rabbits was determined by ion-exchange chromatography and compared to values for other species.In general, the amino acids present in the plasma and urine of rabbits are those commonly found in other species. In contrast to human urine in which the content of histidine is usually greater than the two methylated derivatives, the content of histidine in rabbit urine is lower than either 1-methylhistidine or 3-methylhistidine. The plasma amino acid pattern is unusual in that glycine content is higher than alanine content; this is the reverse of the pattern in man and the cat.Fasting the rabbits for 88 hr. caused approximately a 66% decrease in the total amount of urinary amino acids. A 12- or 88-hr, fast caused the plasma total amino acid content to decrease approximately 30%. Valine, isoleucine, and leucine contents of the plasma, however, were increased.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32319/1/0000388.pd

Factors influencing xanthine oxidase activity in rat skin

1. 1. A method is described for preparing skin extracts which show reasonably consistent xanthine oxidase activities.2. 2. Levels of xanthine oxidase in skin do not change significantly during the first 21 days after birth. A marked increase in skin xanthine oxidase activity occurs during the period from 21 to 28 days, corresponding to the first 7 days on a stock diet. The effect of the change in diet on liver xanthine oxidase activity was less marked, results indicating a gradual increase in activity with increasing age.3. 3. Fasting for 72 hr. did not affect the level of xanthine oxidase in rat skin extracts. Liver xanthine oxidase was markedly depleted.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32527/1/0000627.pd

Sensory responses, dietary-induced obesity and biochemical values in Sprague-Dawley rats

Food intake and body weight gain variability in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats exposed to a palatable high-fat diet were examined in relation to sensory responses and biochemical parameters in two experiments. In the first experiment, varying sucrose concentrations (4-32% wt./vol.) were randomly presented for 20 minutes to ad lib chow-fed rats. Each rat's sensory response was expressed as Beta (B), or the slope of the regression between solute intake and concentration, and used to assign rats to diet groups. In the second experiment, responsiveness to fat emulsions (1-37%) were similarly measured and categorized. In both experiments sensory responses to sucrose were significantly related to weight gain/ fatness on the high-fat diet (lab chow-corn oil). Sensory responsiveness to the fat emulsions was unrelated to sucrose responsiveness or to high-fat feeding. Biochemical parameters (insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins) reflected increased caloric (fat) intake, as well as sucrose responsiveness. Predictors (sensory responses, biochemical values) of response to chronic (4 months) or short-term (<2 months) high-fat diets are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29161/1/0000206.pd

Excretion of amino acids by patients with psoriasis ingesting two levels of the same protein

The amounts of 27 amino acids and other ninhydrin-reacting substances were determined by ion-exchange chromatography in the urine of patients with psoriasis, eating diets containing 54 and 104 Gm. of protein from the same source. Regardless of level of protein intake, asparagine plus glutamine, histidine, glycine, and taurine or lysine contents of urine accounted for between 55 and 64 per cent of the total amount of amino acids present. This nucleus of amino acids, with the exception of lysine, was the same as in control individuals fed the same diets. The amount of amino acids in the urine increased when the protein intake was doubled, but only lysine, [alpha]-aminoadipic acid, and cystathionine excretion was increased at least twofold. No outstanding differences in amino acid excretion were found between patients with psoriasis and control subjects.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/33493/1/0000899.pd

Regional climate model simulations as input for hydrological applications: evaluation of uncertainties

International audienceThe ERA15 Reanalysis (1979-1993) has been dynamically downscaled over Central Europe using 4 different regional climate models. The regional simulations were analysed with respect to 2m temperature and total precipitation, the main input parameters for hydrological applications. Model results were validated against three reference data sets (ERA15, CRU, DWD) and uncertainty ranges were derived. For mean annual 2 m temperature over Germany, the simulation bias lies between -1.1°C and +0.9°C depending on the combination of model and reference data set. The bias of mean annual precipitation varies between -31 and +108 mm/year. Differences between RCM results are of the same magnitude as differences between the reference data sets

Comparative effects of overweight on cardiovascular risk in younger versus older men

The relation of age and body mass index (BMI) to atherosclerosis risk factors was examined in 357 men. Older (>=45 years) men had higher (p 2) increased risk factors more in men younger than 45 years (n = 187). In younger men, those with higher BMIs had a greater prevalence, respectively, of blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg (35.2 vs 11.2%, p 110 [mu]U/ml (28.2 vs 9.5%, p < 0.001). In contrast, among older men, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose values was not significantly greater in the subgroup with high BMI. However, elevations of fasting (19.6 vs 6.4%, p < 0.05) and 1-hour insulin (29.3 vs 11.5%, p < 0.01) values were more common among older men with higher BMIs. Data indicate that older men have greater values for several cardiovascular risk factors than do younger men. Overweight increases the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors more in younger men.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29483/1/0000569.pd

Limitations of gel filtration for serum unbound calcium and magnesium

Gel filtration techniques of determining serum unbound calcium and magnesium have been studied. Dry and pre-swelled Sephadex G-50 was used in procedures modelled on reported methods. Data are presented to support the conclusion that gel filtration, as a batch technique, remains unproved for the satisfactory quantitative estimation of unbound calcium and magnesium in serum.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32826/1/0000201.pd

Effects of halofenate and probenecid on serum lipids and uric acid in hyperlipidemic, hyperuricemic adults

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117081/1/cpt1977223340.pd

An Ultraviolet-to-Radio Broadband Spectral Atlas of Nearby Galaxies

The ultraviolet-to-radio continuum spectral energy distributions are presented for all 75 galaxies in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey (SINGS). A principal component analysis of the sample shows that most of the sample's spectral variations stem from two underlying components, one representative of a galaxy with a low infrared-to-ultraviolet ratio and one representative of a galaxy with a high infrared-to-ultraviolet ratio. The influence of several parameters on the infrared-to-ultraviolet ratio is studied (e.g., optical morphology, disk inclination, far-infrared color, ultraviolet spectral slope, and star formation history). Consistent with our understanding of normal star-forming galaxies, the SINGS sample of galaxies in comparison to more actively star-forming galaxies exhibits a larger dispersion in the infrared-to-ultraviolet versus ultraviolet spectral slope correlation. Early type galaxies, exhibiting low star formation rates and high optical surface brightnesses, have the most discrepant infrared-to-ultraviolet correlation. These results suggest that the star formation history may be the dominant regulator of the broadband spectral variations between galaxies. Finally, a new discovery shows that the 24 micron morphology can be a useful tool for parametrizing the global dust temperature and ultraviolet extinction in nearby galaxies. The dust emission in dwarf/irregular galaxies is clumpy and warm accompanied by low ultraviolet extinction, while in spiral galaxies there is typically a much larger diffuse component of cooler dust and average ultraviolet extinction. For galaxies with nuclear 24 micron emission, the dust temperature and ultraviolet extinction are relatively high compared to disk galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal; Fixed radio flux density units (mJy