Mærkeudvidende produktudvikling: Den danske udgave af ledelse af brand og line extension udviklingsprojekter

Branding-litteraturen fokuserer hovedsageligt på stærke, internationale/globale mærkevarer. Hermed sættes der lighedstegn mellem (1) mærkevareledelse og (2) ledelsesmæssige udfordringer for virksomheder som Coca-Cola, Virgin, HarleyDavidson, LEGO eller B&O. Et kig på supermarkedets hylder indikerer imidlertid, at mærkevarer – i et dansk perspektiv – er mere end blot de mærkevarer, som litteraturen traditionelt beskæftiger sig med. Ud fra fokus på én dimension af mærkevareledelse (udvikling af nye produkter inden for rammerne af brandet) redegør artiklen for, hvordan danske mærkevareproducenter faktisk leder brands. På basis af et empirisk studie opstilles en typologi for, hvordan danske producenter af kortvarige forbrugsgoder forholder sig til branding og produktudvikling – en typologi, som indikerer, at disse mærkevareproducenter står over for ledelsesmæssige roller og udfordringer markant forskellige fra de udfordringer, som branding-litteraturen – eller Coca-Cola – beskæftiger sig med

Mærkeudvidende produktudvikling: Den danske udgave af ledelse af brand og line extension udviklingsprojekter

Branding-litteraturen fokuserer hovedsageligt på stærke, internationale/globale mærkevarer. Hermed sættes der lighedstegn mellem (1) mærkevareledelse og (2) ledelsesmæssige udfordringer for virksomheder som Coca-Cola, Virgin, HarleyDavidson, LEGO eller B&O. Et kig på supermarkedets hylder indikerer imidlertid, at mærkevarer – i et dansk perspektiv – er mere end blot de mærkevarer, som litteraturen traditionelt beskæftiger sig med. Ud fra fokus på én dimension af mærkevareledelse (udvikling af nye produkter inden for rammerne af brandet) redegør artiklen for, hvordan danske mærkevareproducenter faktisk leder brands. På basis af et empirisk studie opstilles en typologi for, hvordan danske producenter af kortvarige forbrugsgoder forholder sig til branding og produktudvikling – en typologi, som indikerer, at disse mærkevareproducenter står over for ledelsesmæssige roller og udfordringer markant forskellige fra de udfordringer, som branding-litteraturen – eller Coca-Cola – beskæftiger sig med

The Horizontal Symmetry for Neutrino Mixing

We argue that the best way to determine horizontal symmetry is from neutrino mixing, and proceed to show that the only finite group capable of yielding the tri-bimaximal mixing for all Yukawa couplings is $S_4$, or any group containing it. The method used is largely group theoretical, but it can be implemented by dynamical schemes in which the Higgs expectation values introduced to break $S_4$ spontaneously are uniquely determined up to an unknown scale for each.Comment: version to appear in Phys. Rev. Letts.: one reference added and some slight rephrasing of sentence

Generalized McKay quivers of rank three

For each finite subgroup G of SL(n, C), we introduce the generalized Cartan matrix C_{G} in view of McKay correspondence from the fusion rule of its natural representation. Using group theory, we show that the generalized Cartan matrices have similar favorable properties such as positive semi-definiteness as in the classical case of affine Cartan matrices (the case of SL(2,C)). The complete McKay quivers for SL(3,C) are explicitly described and classified based on representation theory

Tween Tourists: Children and Decision-Making.

Research suggests that children influence family vacation decision-making. However, with few exceptions parents act as respondents in studies of family vacation decision-making and furthermore, children’s role is often defined as a rather passive one. Thus, it is often assumed that although children might explicate wishes pertaining to holidays, they generally submit to whatever choices their parents make. In recent years, marketing researchers have taken a keen interest in the so-called ‘tweens’, people who are 8 to 12 years old and in between childhood and the teenage years. One key finding of research on tweens is that tweens are consumers in their own rights – especially in regard to consumption of products such as cellular phones, clothing, magazines, music and movies. However, little research focuses on tweens and vacations and accordingly, we know very little about tweens as consumers of tourism. Drawing on 89qualitative interviews, we suggest that tweens as consumers of tourism differ profoundly from the traditional role of children in tourism consumption. The paper shows that tweens are highly experienced tourists; very active during up-front vacation decision-making; and wish for (and have) a say in regard to issues such as destination choice. Consequently, we argue that tweens should be given voice in future research on tourism consumption if we wish to gain knowledge on families as consumers of tourism

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is critical for regenerative potential of distal lung epithelial progenitor cells in homeostasis and emphysema

Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates progenitor cell fate decisions during lung development and in various adult tissues. Ectopic activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes tissue repair in emphysema, a devastating lung disease with progressive loss of parenchymal lung tissue. The identity of Wnt/β-catenin responsive progenitor cells and the potential impact of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on adult distal lung epithelial progenitor cell function in emphysema are poorly understood. Here, we used a TCF/Lef:H2B/GFP reporter mice to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung organoid formation. We identified an organoid-forming adult distal lung epithelial progenitor cell population characterized by a low Wnt/β-catenin activity, which was enriched in club and alveolar epithelial type (AT)II cells. Endogenous Wnt/β-catenin activity was required for the initiation of multiple subtypes of distal lung organoids derived from the Wntlow epithelial progenitors. Further ectopic Wnt/β-catenin activation specifically led to an increase in alveolar organoid number; however, the subsequent proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells in the organoids did not require constitutive Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Distal lung epithelial progenitor cells derived from the mouse model of elastase-induced emphysema exhibited reduced organoid forming capacity. This was rescued by Wnt/β-catenin signal activation, which largely increased the number of alveolar organoids. Together, our study reveals a novel mechanism of lung epithelial progenitor cell activation in homeostasis and emphysema

Three embeddings of the Klein simple group into the Cremona group of rank three

We study the action of the Klein simple group G consisting of 168 elements on two rational threefolds: the three-dimensional projective space and a smooth Fano threefold X of anticanonical degree 22 and index 1. We show that the Cremona group of rank three has at least three non-conjugate subgroups isomorphic to G. As a by-product, we prove that X admits a Kahler-Einstein metric, and we construct a smooth polarized K3 surface of degree 22 with an action of the group G.Comment: 43 page

SIC~POVMs and Clifford groups in prime dimensions

We show that in prime dimensions not equal to three, each group covariant symmetric informationally complete positive operator valued measure (SIC~POVM) is covariant with respect to a unique Heisenberg--Weyl (HW) group. Moreover, the symmetry group of the SIC~POVM is a subgroup of the Clifford group. Hence, two SIC~POVMs covariant with respect to the HW group are unitarily or antiunitarily equivalent if and only if they are on the same orbit of the extended Clifford group. In dimension three, each group covariant SIC~POVM may be covariant with respect to three or nine HW groups, and the symmetry group of the SIC~POVM is a subgroup of at least one of the Clifford groups of these HW groups respectively. There may exist two or three orbits of equivalent SIC~POVMs for each group covariant SIC~POVM, depending on the order of its symmetry group. We then establish a complete equivalence relation among group covariant SIC~POVMs in dimension three, and classify inequivalent ones according to the geometric phases associated with fiducial vectors. Finally, we uncover additional SIC~POVMs by regrouping of the fiducial vectors from different SIC~POVMs which may or may not be on the same orbit of the extended Clifford group.Comment: 30 pages, 1 figure, section 4 revised and extended, published in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43, 305305 (2010

G(2) quivers

We present, in explicit matrix representation and a modernity befitting the community, the classification of the finite discrete subgroups of G2 and compute the McKay quivers arising therefrom. Of physical interest are the classes of Script N = 1 gauge theories descending from M-theory and of mathematical interest are possible steps toward a systematic study of crepant resolutions to smooth G2 manifolds as well as generalised McKay Correspondences. This writing is a companion monograph to hep-th/9811183 and hep-th/9905212, wherein the analogues for Calabi-Yau three- and four-folds were considered

Counting BPS Operators in Gauge Theories: Quivers, Syzygies and Plethystics

We develop a systematic and efficient method of counting single-trace and multi-trace BPS operators with two supercharges, for world-volume gauge theories of $N$ D-brane probes for both $N \to \infty$ and finite $N$. The techniques are applicable to generic singularities, orbifold, toric, non-toric, complete intersections, et cetera, even to geometries whose precise field theory duals are not yet known. The so-called ``Plethystic Exponential'' provides a simple bridge between (1) the defining equation of the Calabi-Yau, (2) the generating function of single-trace BPS operators and (3) the generating function of multi-trace operators. Mathematically, fascinating and intricate inter-relations between gauge theory, algebraic geometry, combinatorics and number theory exhibit themselves in the form of plethystics and syzygies.Comment: 59+1 pages, 7 Figure