Interview with Barbara and John Blatnik, Class of 1943

Oral history interview with Illinois State Normal University alumni Barbara Blatnik and John Blatnik, Class of 1943. The interview was conducted on October 29, 1983, by Madonna Curtis. They discuss extracurricular activities, changes to campus buildings, and the impact of World War II on campus life.https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/aoh/1030/thumbnail.jp

Quantifying Harmony and Dissonance in Piano Intervals and Chords

The level of dissonance in piano intervals and chords was quantified using both experimental and computational methods. Intervals and chords were played and recorded on both a Yamaha YPT-400 portable keyboard and a Steinway & Sons grand piano. The recordings were run through spectral analyses, and dissonance values were calculated using a dissonance equation. The result was a ranking of comparative dissonance levels between each chord and interval. Though the goal was to find a universal ranking of chords, it was instead determined that such a ranking cannot exist. The non-universal rankings revealed that the transition from least dissonant to most dissonant was gradual

Verstinė literatūra dabartinėje Slovėnijoje

Based on a typological model borrowed from sociology, this article analyzes literary translation support mechanisms in the world and especially in Slovenia. It tracks the growing inclusion of translation policies in the national cultural policies and subsequent growth of the translated books in the book subsidy system and their strong presence in the reading field. With the help of statistical data it shows the status of translated litera­ture in Slovenian reading habits.Remiantis tipologiniu, iš sociologijos mokslų pasiskolintu modeliu, straip­snyje analizuojami literatūrinių vertimų rėmimo mechanizmai, taikomi Slovėnijoje ir kitur pasaulyje. Pabrėžiama auganti tendencija įtraukti vertimo skatinimo uždavinius į nacionalinę šalių politiką ir su tuo susijęs augantis atliktų vertimų skaičius subsidijų sistemoje bei didelis šių vertimų skaičius skaitomų tekstų lauke. Remiantis statistiniais duo­menimis, straipsnyje parodoma, kokia yra verstinės literatūros padėtis slovėnų skaitymo įpročių kontekste

Activities for promotion of local food and protected agricultural products in Slovenia

Activities for promotion of Local Slovenian food have been carried out through several national projects. One of the most prominent ones is the project Traditional Slovenian breakfast. Other projects include advertising campaigns (We Are Connected with delicacies from our countryside, Fresh food from your vicinity, Be aware of local origin), school schemes (School fruit scheme, School milk scheme), events (Goodness of farms in Ptuj, The countryside in the city), website promotion (Buy local), and brand establishment (Buy Slovenian). For protection of agricultural products and foodstuffs there are 3 European quality schemes: Protected designation of origin, Protected geographical indication, and Traditional speciality guaranteed. Besides the three European schemes in Slovenia there is also another scheme for protection, Designation of higher quality. In Slovenia are 5 protected milk products, all of them cheeses. Under the quality scheme Protected designation of origin are included: Mohant cheese, Nanos cheese, Tolminc cheese, and Bovec cheese, Under the quality scheme Higher quality is included: Semi-hard cheese without preservatives - semihard cheeses of Zelena dolina

Optimization of Mixing in a Simulated Biomass Bed Reactor with a Center Feeding Tube

Producing gasoline-type fuels from lignocellulosic biomass has two advantages over producing alcohol-type fuels from plant sugars: gasoline has superior fuel characteristics and plant lignin/cellulose does not compete with human food supplies. A promising technology for converting lignocellulose to fuel is catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP). The process involves injecting finely ground biomass into a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) at high temperatures, which reduce the biomass to gases that react inside the catalyst particles. This entails complex hydrodynamics to efficiently mix a stream of biomass into a catalyst bed that is fluidized by a separate stream of inert gas. Understanding the hydrodynamics is complicated by the fact that the entire process occurs inside a heavily insulated, opaque, reactor vessel. Numerical simulations offer a promising approach to understanding, predicting, and optimizing hydrodynamic mixing in a CFP biomass reactor. The purpose of this research is to understand the simulation techniques and statistical measures appropriate for quantifying mixing in a CFP biomass reactor. The methodology is validated against the canonical configuration of a non-reacting, single-inlet fluidized bed. A new finding is that the minimum bubbling velocity may be predicted by a significant increase in temporal variance of the pressure drop. The methodology is then applied to a non-canonical FBR in which biomass is injected into the catalyst bed via a vertical center tube. Since no hydrodynamic mixing data exist from laboratory experiments, mixing is inferred from the aromatics yield from the laboratory reactor. Flow configurations with which simulations demonstrate the best mixing have the highest aromatic yields in the experiments. The simulations indicate that when the bed is in the bubbling regime, the gasified biomass from the center tube is efficiently mixed radially throughout the catalyst bed. If the flow rate of inert gas is insufficient to bubble the bed, then the gasified biomass exits the center tube, reverses direction, and flows upward along the tube\u27s outside wall. Provided the bed is bubbling due to the inert gas stream, the upper limit on the flow through the center tube, and thus the aromatic yield potential, has yet to be determined

Dairy market in Slovenia

Diary production keeps being the most important orientation of Slovenian agriculture. It accounts for about 15% of the total value of agricultural production in recent years, and 32% of the value of livestock. Milk production in Slovenia consistently exceeds domestic consumption. The paper presents important data on dairy market balances with milk and dairy products production, consumption and trade. In addition, it presents and compares prices and policies in Slovenia and the other European Union (EU) countries. Finally, it assess the market potential for organic products and products produced, processed and traded according to three EU quality schemes: protected designation of origin, protected geographical indication and traditional speciality guaranteed

Dodatek k članku »Dinamika podzemne vode med Planinskim poljem in izviri Ljubljanice, Slovenija” objavljenem v Acta Carsologica 48/2

The article of Blatnik et al. (2019) “Groundwater dynamics between Planinsko Polje and springs of the Ljubljanica River, Slovenia” published in Acta Carsologica, 48/2 focused on describing the hydrogeological behaviour of the aquifer between Planinsko Polje and the springs of the Ljubljanica River. The authors analysed the effect of different high water events that occurred between January 2015 and May 2018. Interpretations were based on hydrographs obtained by continuous measurements of water level, temperature and specific electric conductivity in selected ponors, springs and water active caves located in the area between Planinsko Polje and the springs of the Ljubljanica River. Through these interpretations, different conceptual hydrological models about the dynamics and directions of the flow in the aquifer have been proposed and tested. A flow connection was proposed between the Hrušica Plateau, estavelles located at the NW border of Planinsko Polje, and caves Gradišnica (W2) and Gašpinova Jama (W3) close to town Logatec. In this supplement, we provide new data recorded during an unusual hydrological event in August 2018. These further support and stress the importance of the connection between the Hrušica Plateau and Logatec region (W2 and W3).Članek »Dinamika podzemne vode med Planinskim poljem in izviri Ljubljanice, Slovenija«, ki je bil objavljen v Acta Carsologica 48/2, se je v osnovi osredotočil na raziskave pretakanja podzemne vode med Planinskim poljem in izviri Ljubljanice. Med rezultati so bila izpostavljena tudi nova dognanja o smereh pretakanja podzemne vode, ki so bila ugotovljena na podlagi zveznih meritev vodostajev, temperature in specifične električne prevodnosti vode ter testiranja z numeričnimi hidravličnimi modeli. Med drugim je bila ugotovljena domnevna smer pretakanja vode iz jam Veliko brezno v Grudnovi dolini (H1) in Andrejevega brezna 1 (H2), ki se nahajata na vzhodnem pobočju planote Hrušica. Od tu naj bi se voda v času visokih vodostajev pretakala v več smeri, in sicer proti estavelam pri Grčarevcu (SZ rob Planinskega polja) ter proti območju Logaškega ravnika, kjer se nahajata jami Gradišnica (W2) in Gašpinova jama (W3). Pričujoč dodatek k članku potrjuje pretekle domneve, v njej pa opisujemo manj običajen padavinski dogodek iz konca avgusta 2018, ko je na območju Hrušice padla mnogo večja količina padavin kot v preostalem delu porečja Ljubljanice. Rezultat je bil rahlo povišan pretok Unice, pri katerem je voda dosegla le vzhodno skupino požiralnikov na Planinskem polju. Posledično so se vodostaji v nekaterih dolvodno ležečih jamah Vetrovna jama pri Laški kukavi (E2) in Najdena jama (W1) zelo malo povišali (< 2 m). Mnogo bolj izrazit in zelo hiter je bil dvig vodostaja v jamah na pobočju Hrušice (do 37 m v H1). Porast vodostaja v jamah Gradišnica (W2) in Gašpinova jama (W3) je bil znaten (14 m), prav tako je do odziva in viška prišlo le malo po porastu v Velikem breznu v Grudnovi dolini (H1). Ob teh predpostavkah in dejstvu, da je bil dotok iz Planinskega polja zelo skromen, je hidrološka povezava med planoto Hrušico na eni strani Idrijske prelomne cone in območjem z Gradišnico (W2) in Gašpinovo jamo (W3) na drugi strani nedvoumna. Meritve s tem podkrepijo tudi domneve, da se na proučevanem območju nahajajo zožitve in različno prevodna območja Idrijske prelomne cone, ki vplivajo na zelo sinhrono dinamiko vodostajev. Proučevan padavinski dogodek je nakazal tudi, da je dotok iz območja Hrušice lahko zelo izdaten, saj se je najvišji pretok Ljubljanice (~71 m3/s) izrazito presegel tistega na Unici (11 m3/s). Pričujoč dodatek k članku torej potrjuje domneve v predhodno opisanem članku, hkrati pa tudi poudarja pomen dolgoročnih meritev v kraških vodonosnikih, ki v množici medsebojno podobnih zabeležijo tudi nekatere manj običajne, a za interpretacije zelo pomembne dogodke

Groundwater dynamics between Planinsko Polje and springs of the Ljubljanica River, Slovenia

Caves reaching the (epi)phreatic zone may provide the only access to groundwater in the internal parts of karst aquifers. Modern instruments enable unattended high frequency measurements of groundwater parameters in such caves. A network of distributed observation points may give new information on temporal and spatial pattern of groundwater flow. Such network, recording water level, temperature and specific electrical conductivity was established in all major ponors and active water caves of the karst aquifer between Planinsko Polje and springs of the Ljubljanica River, Slovenia. Up to three and a half years long records were analysed in view of available and relevant geological, speleological, meteorological and hydrological information, and basic hydraulic principles of the epiphreatic flow. The result of the interpretation were models of possible conduit networks of the three main flow subsystems draining Planinsko Polje. For each subsystem a hydraulic model comprising the main features of the inferred conduit network and inputs was made. The models were adjusted until their response to the typical flood situations gave a good qualitative fit to the response of the observation network. The results provide new insights into the mechanism of flood propagation through the system and its relation to the known conduit geometry. The hydraulic role of known cave passages is assessed and new flow pathways are proposed. Back-flooding within the aquifer causes an increase of head in the polje, followed by the activation of higher located ponor zones and flow pathways related to them. Hydrographs recorded in two caves located northwest from Planinsko Polje revealed pos sible high transmissivity zone of the Idrija Fault Zone and the mechanism of estavelles located at the polje’s north-western border. The approach taken in this work offers new insights into the relation between the conduit network geometry and flood mechanism. It can be used elsewhere in conduit-dominated systems with multiple accesses to groundwater flow and well constrained recharge.Key words: karst aquifer, epiphreatic zone, groundwater monitoring, hydraulic models, Planinsko Polje, Ljubljanica River.Dinamika podzemne vode med Planinskim poljem in izviri Ljubljanice, Slovenija Jame v epifratični coni običajno predstavljajo edini dostop do podzemne vode znotraj kraškega vodonosnika. Sodobni merilniki omogočajo kakovostne zvezne meritve različnih parametrov tudi v takšnih jamah. Merilna mreža z več lokacijami znotraj izbranega vodonosnika lahko ponudi nove podatke o časovni in prostorski dinamiki toka podzemne vode. Takšna merilna mreža, z meritvami višine, temperature in elektroprevodnosti vode, je bila vzpostavljena v vseh pomembnejših ponorih in vodnih jamah na območju med Planinskim poljem in izviri Ljubljanice. Do tri in pol leta dolgi nizi podatkov so bili analizirani z vidika razpoložljivih geoloških, speleoloških, meteoroloških in hidroloških podatkov ter osnovnih hidravličnih načel o epifreatičnem toku vode. Rezultat interpretacij so poenostavljeni modeli z domnevno razporeditvijo podzemnih kanalov v treh glavnih podsistemih, ki odvajajo Planisko polje. Za vsak podsistem je bil napravljen hidravličen model z dotokom in mrežo kanalov, ki najbolje ponazarja resnično stanje. Tekom raziskave so se hidravlični modeli nadgrajevali do takšne mere, da je simulacija vodnega toka zadovoljivo ponazarjala dogajanje, izmerjeno v resničnem okolju. Rezultati so prinesli nove ugotovitve o širjenju in dinamiki poplavljanja skozi sistem ter njihovo povezavo s poznano geometrijo proučevanega vodonosnika. Ocenjena je bila hidravlična vloga poznanih jamskih rovov, na podlagi njih pa interpretirane nove smeri pretakanja vode. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi zajezitveno poplavljanje znotraj vodonosnika, ki vpliva tudi na vodostaj na polju in nadalje na aktivacijo višje ležečih požiralnikov ter njim sledečih kanalov. V dveh jamah severozahodno od Planinskega polja so višinski hidrogrami nakazali na obstoj bolj prepustnega območja Idrijske prelomne cone ter delovanje estavel na severozahodnem obrobju polja. Postopek, ki je bil uporabljen v pričujočem delu, omogoča nova dognanja o razporeditvi podzemnih kanalov in s tem povezano dinamiko poplavljanja v kraškem vodonosniku. Predstavljeno metodo je mogoče uporabiti tudi v drugih kraških sistemih z dobro razvitimi kanali, z več dostopi do toka podzemne toka vode in dobro poznanem dotoku v sistem.Ključne besede: kraški vodonosnik, epifreatična cona, spremljanje podzemne vode, hidravlični modeli, Planinsko polje, Ljubljanica

Constructional aspects of high pressure turbine replacement in nuclear power plants

V magistrskem delu smo obravnavali različne vidike zamenjave visokotlačne parne turbine v jedrski elektrarni. Glavni cilj naloge je bil raziskati logistične ukrepe v fazi priprave na menjavo visokotlačne turbine. V ta namen smo izdelali 3D model visokotlačne parne turbine, njenih parovodov, betonskega temelja in vseh štirih regulacijskih ventilov. Za izdelavo verodostojnega računalniškega modela smo izvedli 3D laserske meritve celotnega turbinskega dela postrojenja. Z uporabo 3D modela smo analizirali gradbeno konstrukcijo za prostorske omejitve pri načrtovanju zamenjave visokotlačne parne turbine. Izdelali smo 3D model dodatnih podpor parovodov. Določili lokacijo rezanja in varjenja parovodov. Z uporabo 3D modela smo tudi analizirali in predlagali postopke zamenjave visokotlačne parne turbine.In the master\u27s thesis, we discussed various aspects of replacing a high-pressure steam turbine in a nuclear power plant. The main goal of the task was to investigate the logistical measures in the preparation phase for the replacement of the high-pressure turbine. For this purpose, we created a 3D model of a high-pressure steam turbine, its steam pipelines, concrete foundation and all four control valves. To create a credible computer model, we performed a 3D laser scan of the entire turbine section of the plant. When planning the replacement of the high-pressure steam turbine, we analyzed the building structure for space constraints using the 3D model. We made a 3D model of additional steam pipeline supports. We also determined the location of cutting and welding of steam pipelines. Using the 3D model, we also analyzed and proposed procedures for replacing a high-pressure steam turbine