Gertrud von Le Fort, "La última de Cadalso"

En relación a una nueva traducción al español de la novela epistolar, "Die Letze am Schaffot", de la escritora alemana Gertrud von Le Fort (una traducción firmada con las iniciales ALA, publicado en Santiago de Chile, por la Editorial Andrés Bello en 1977), este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar algunas características de la novela y su repercusión en la literatura cristiana de Europa. Esta gran poetisa de origen suizo se trasladó a Roma, y desde esta ciudad su creación literaria adquirió un tono religioso pre-ecuménico. El análisis presentado aquí de su producción literaria se sitúa en el movimiento conocido como "emigración interior", surgido en la Alemania Nacionalsocialista. Para Gertrud von Le Fort, la poesía y la novela son los medios utilizados en su lucha para proclamar su fe en Dios, en el seno de la Iglesia Católica.With regard to a new translation into Spanish of the epistolary novel, “Die Letze am Schaffot”, by the German writer Gertrud von Le Fort (a translation signed with the initials A.L.A, published in Santiago, Chile, by Editorial Andres Bello in 1977), this paper aims to analyse some characteristics of the novel and its repercussions on the Christian literature of Europe. This great poetess of Swiss extraction moved to Rome, and from this point the religious tone her literary creation became pre-ecumenical. The analysis given here of her literary output may be placed in the movement known as “interior emigration” during the period of National Socialism in Germany. For Gertrud von Le Fort, poetry and the novel are means to be used in her struggle to proclaim her faith in a Catholic God and church.notPeerReviewe

A persecución política da muller. Lucenses detidas no cárcere provincial de Lugo (1936-1940)

O estudo da poboación reclusa feminina durante a Guerra Civil e o franquismo é, aínda hoxe, un aspecto pouco explorado da actividade represiva do réxime. As aproximacións ao tema que teñen como poboación diaria o colectivo das reclusas son moi escasas, predominando a literatura testemuñal feminina ou os estudos de caso, que non permiten unha visión global da dinámica penitenciaria.Esta carencia cobra especial relevancia en Galicia onde as mulleres sufriron unha particular represión polo apoio ou simplemente, pola súa relación cos fuxidos. O estudo indiferenciado da poboación reclusa masculina e feminina non permite coñecer o patrón desta por canto a primeira, moi superior en termos cuantitativos, enmascara as especificidades que afectan ao xénero feminino non só en relación ás variábeis universais (idade, profesión, estado civil...), senón tamén ao tipo de delito ou a evolución dos ingresos. Este traballo pretende caracterizar a represión carceraria exercida sobre as lucenses por motivos políticos a través, fundamentalmente, da análise dos Libros de Rexistro de Entrada e expedientes procesuais da poboación reclusa feminina da Prisión Provincial de Lugo.Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Consello da Cultura Galega. Real Academia Galeg

Reinhold Schneider (1906-1958) y la emigración interior

Se pretende realizar en este artículo una evaluación objetiva de la personalidad polifacética de Reinhold Schneider: un escritor, ensayista, filósofo histórico y poeta. Este estudio se centra en el análisis de Schneider como ejemplo eminente entre escritores alemanes, incluidos en la llamada “emigración interior”, porque han permanecido en territorio alemán distantes de la literatura oficial durante la dominación nazi.It is pretended to show in this article an objective valuation about the personality of Reinhold Schneider: a writer, an essayist, a historical philosopher and a poet. This study is centred on Schneider's analysis as an eminent example, among the German language writers who are included into the called ”inner emigration” especially, because they have remained in German territory away from the official literature during the Nazi domination

Parametric assessment of a building active façade by means of a combined metallic sandwich panel with an unglazed solar collector

The building sector has a poor performance in terms of energy efficiency and is looking for alternatives to reduce the use of fossil fuels on building use stage. Renewables are unlimited and solar thermal energy is a technology with a demonstrated potential. The façade is a key element able to harness renewable energy coming from the sun becoming in an Active Solar Thermal Façade (ASTF). The main purpose of this study is the development of a parametric study using a numerical model to analyze the behavior of an unglazed solar collector. Thus, evaluating different design and meteorological parameters to show their influence on the heat transfer and the efficiency. The study shows that solar irradiation and mass flow are the most influential on thermal difference. However, for the efficiency ambient temperature and inlet temperature both are the most influencing ones. In brief, a set of parameters have a significant influence on the behavior of the ASTF that are fully governed by environmental conditions. Nevertheless, there are some other parameters that can be controlled during the operation. The challenge is to make a continuous configuration of this adaptable values depending on the external situation to achieve a higher performance for the ASTF

A Comparison of classification/regression trees and logistic regression in failure models

The use of non-parametric statistical methods, the development of models geared towards the homogeneous characteristics of corporate sub-populations, and the introduction of non-financial variables, are three main issues analysed in this paper. This study compares the predictive performance of a non-parametric methodology, namelyClassification/Regression Trees (CART), against traditional logistic regression (LR) by employing a vast set of matched-pair accounts of the smallest enterprises, known as micro-entities,from the United Kingdom for the period 1999 to 2008 that includes financial, non-financial, and macroeconomic variables. Our findings show that CART outperforms the standard approach in the literature, LR

Hybrid model using logit and nonparametric methods for predicting micro-entity failure

Following the calls from literature on bankruptcy, a parsimonious hybrid bankruptcy model is developed in this paper by combining parametric and non-parametric approaches.To this end, the variables with the highest predictive power to detect bankruptcy are selected using logistic regression (LR). Subsequently, alternative non-parametric methods (Multilayer Perceptron, Rough Set, and Classification-Regression Trees) are applied, in turn, to firms classified as either “bankrupt” or “not bankrupt”. Our findings show that hybrid models, particularly those combining LR and Multilayer Perceptron, offer better accuracy performance and interpretability and converge faster than each method implemented in isolation. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that the introduction of non-financial and macroeconomic variables complement financial ratios for bankruptcy prediction

Comparison of individual and combined effects of salinity and deficit irrigation on physiological, nutritional and ornamental aspects of tolerance in Callistemon laevis plants

The effect of water deficit, salinity and both applied simultaneously on several physiological and morphological parameters in the ornamental plant Callistemon laevis was studied to identify the tolerance mechanisms developed by this species to these sources of stress and to evaluate their adaptability to such conditions. C. laevis plants were grown in pots outdoors and subjected to four irrigation treatments lasting ten months: control (0.8dSm-1, 100% water holding capacity), water deficit (0.8dSm-1, 50% of the amount of water supplied in control), saline (4.0dSm-1, same amount of water supplied as control) and saline water deficit (4.0dSm-1, 50% of the water supplied in the control). Water and saline stress, when applied individually, led to a reduction of 12% and 39% of total biomass, respectively, while overall plant quality (leaf color and flowering) was unaffected. However, saline water deficit affected leaf color and flowering and induced an excessive decrease of growth (68%) due to leaf tissue dehydration and a high leaf Cl and Na concentration. Biomass partitioning depended not only on the amount of water applied, but also on the electrical conductivity of the water. Water stress induced active osmotic adjustment and decreased leaf tissue elasticity. Although both Na and Cl concentrations in the plant tissues increased with salinity, Cl entry through the roots was more restricted. In plants submitted to salinity individually, Na tended to remain in the roots and stems, and little reached the leaves. However, plants simultaneously submitted to water and saline stress were not able to retain this ion in the woody parts. The decrease in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis was more marked in the plants submitted to both stresses, the effect of which decreased photosynthesis, and this together with membrane damage delayed plant recovery. The results show that the combination of deficit irrigation and salinity in C. laevis is not recommended since it magnifies the adverse effects of either when applied individually. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CICYT AGL 2011-30022-C02-01-02) and Fundación Séneca-Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (15356/PI/10).Peer Reviewe

Changes in growth rate, root morphology and water use efficiency of potted Callistemon citrinus plants in response to different levels of water deficit

Callistemon is widely used as a flowering shrub in gardening and landscaping in the Mediterranean area. However, prolonged or severe water stress may alter its physiological and morphological behaviour. Callistemon citrinus plants were grown in nursery conditions and subjected to three irrigation treatments: a control (watered to container capacity) and two water deficit treatments of 50 and 25% of the amount of water supplied in the control treatment (moderate and severe deficit irrigation, respectively). After 53 weeks, the moderate deficit irrigation plants showed a lower relative growth rate but increased root/shoot ratio, improved the root system and increased water use efficiency, while flowering and leaf colour were unaffected. However, severe deficit irrigation reduced flowering and affected leaf colour. Both deficit irrigation treatments reduced stomatal conductance, suggesting an efficient and adaptive stomatal control in this species. These reductions were marked after longer periods in plants submitted to severe deficit irrigation, which decreased photosynthesis and could delay plant recovery and cause permanent damage. Differences between stem and leaf water potential values have seen to be a good indicator of instantaneous shoot transpiration. Water consumption was influenced by the active periods of growth and inflorescence formation. It is concluded that moderate deficit irrigation can be used successfully in C. citrinus plant production to reduce water consumption while maintaining good overall quality. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL 2008-05258-C02-1-2, AGL 2011-30022-C02-01) and Fundación Séneca (15356/PI/10).Peer Reviewe

Long-term effect of salinity on plant quality, water relations, photosynthetic parameters and ion distribution in Callistemon citrinus

The effect of saline stress on physiological and morphological parameters in Callistemon citrinus plants was studied to evaluate their adaptability to irrigation with saline water. C. citrinus plants, grown under greenhouse conditions, were subjected to two irrigation treatments lasting 56 weeks: control (0.8 dS·m-1) and saline (4 dS·m-1). The use of saline water in C. citrinus plants decreased aerial growth, increased the root/shoot ratio and improved the root system (increased root diameter and root density), but flowering and leaf colour were not affected. Salinity caused a decrease in stomatal conductance and evapotranspiration, which may prevent toxic levels being reached in the shoot. Net photosynthesis was reduced in plants subjected to salinity, although this response was evident much later than the decrease in stomatal conductance. Stem water potential was a good indicator of salt stress in C. citrinus. The relative salt tolerance of Callistemon was related to storage of higher levels of Na+ and Cl- in the roots compared with the leaves, especially in the case of Na+, which could have helped to maintain the quality of plants. The results show that saline water (around 4 dS·m-1) could be used for growing C. citrinus commercially. However, the cumulative effect of irrigating with saline water for 11 months was a decrease in photosynthesis and intrinsic water use efficiency, meaning that the interaction of the salinity level and the time of exposure to the salt stress should be considered important in this species. © 2014 German Botanical Society and Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL 2011-30022-C02-01-02) and Fundación Séneca (15356/PI/10).Peer Reviewe

CONVOCATORIA DE JUNTA GENERAL Y MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN ELECTRÓNICOS.: ESPECIAL CONSIDERACIÓN DE LA PÁGINA WEB EN DERECHO ESPAÑOL Y DERECHO CHILENO

Asistimos a una generalización en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías aplicadas al Derecho de sociedades. Los beneficios que aporta a la operatividad en el ejercicio de los derechos la página web como instrumento de difusión o como medio para la realización de comunicaciones entre sociedad y socios está fuera de toda duda. Será objeto de este trabajo el análisis del papel que los medios electrónicos y las nuevas tecnologías juegan en materia de convocatoria de junta general. Será hilo conductor la normativa vigente en los ordenamientos español y chileno. Tratada la cuestión con una actitud de análisis crítico se advierte la escasa utilización del medio en Derecho español y la preocupante fragmentación del Derecho societario regulador de la cuestión que nos ocupa en Chile.