Wireless Water Flow Meter Network in the Great Bay

The Oyster Restoration Program alongside the New Hampshire chapter of the Nature Conservancy is working towards developing new oyster beds throughout the Great Bay. Sedimentation is proving to be a vast problem by covering up the beds before they have a chance to grow to a healthy level. The many rivers entering the Great Bay are bringing the sediments from all over the region and limiting the ability of the program to develop the new beds. They need a way to measure the sedimentation rate, by measuring the flow rate of the rivers over a single tidal cycle in various locations throughout the bay. This is done simply by the design of a wireless water flow meter network. Using a Price Meter as the measurement tool and an Arduino UNO to organize the data, the Oyster Restoration Program can monitor the characteristics of the locations to gain a better understanding of the location as a potential site for a new oyster bed. The design of an self contained system to extract and store the data to be collected is essential to speed up the process of monitoring these locations, which the device developed here will do

Foundational Extensible Corecursion

This paper presents a formalized framework for defining corecursive functions safely in a total setting, based on corecursion up-to and relational parametricity. The end product is a general corecursor that allows corecursive (and even recursive) calls under well-behaved operations, including constructors. Corecursive functions that are well behaved can be registered as such, thereby increasing the corecursor's expressiveness. The metatheory is formalized in the Isabelle proof assistant and forms the core of a prototype tool. The corecursor is derived from first principles, without requiring new axioms or extensions of the logic

Extending Nunchaku to Dependent Type Theory

Nunchaku is a new higher-order counterexample generator based on a sequence of transformations from polymorphic higher-order logic to first-order logic. Unlike its predecessor Nitpick for Isabelle, it is designed as a stand-alone tool, with frontends for various proof assistants. In this short paper, we present some ideas to extend Nunchaku with partial support for dependent types and type classes, to make frontends for Coq and other systems based on dependent type theory more useful.Comment: In Proceedings HaTT 2016, arXiv:1606.0542

Our World Flipped Upside Down

During the past decade, there have been increasing discussions between the Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) regarding the harmonization of United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). What used to be talk is now becoming a reality. On October 29, 2002 FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) released the Memorandum of Understanding, which announced the significant steps that are being taken to converge the US and the International Accounting Standards. There are hopes for some parts of the convergence to be finalized by 2011, but in some areas it is still to be determined. This pending change in the United States (US) raises many important questions and concerns for companies currently using US GAAP for financial reporting. What are the differences between US GAAP and the IFRS? How will this change affect US firms? Many accounting professionals are not familiar with the differences between US GAAP and IFRS, and firms are starting to struggle with the technical and system changes needed to adopt IFRS. In addition, what are the implications to current accounting students

Housing markets and independence in old age: expanding the opportunities

This report highlights the benefits of specialised private retirement accommodation and recommends a number of simple policy changes at no cost to the public purse to help increase its supply and address the challenges of housing an ageing population

The Effects of IFRS on Financial Ratios: Early Evidence in Canada

This paper provides preliminary evidence of the impact on financial ratios caused by the transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Canada. The main features of IFRS are explained in the context of a shift from Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) while the main differences between the two sets of rules are underscored – heavier reliance of IFRS on fair value accounting and comprehensive income, and the use of the entity theory for consolidation. The effects of IFRS on financial ratios in the areas of liquidity, leverage, coverage and profitability are discussed and verified using a sample cohort of early adopters in Canada. The preliminary evidence reveals significantly higher volatility to most of the ratios under IFRS when compared to those derived under pre-changeover Canadian GAAP. While the means and medians of IFRS ratios differ from the means and medians of the same ratios under pre-changeover Canadian GAAP, the differences are not statistically significant overall. However, important individual discrepancies are in some cases observed. Naturally, analysts using ratios for analytical purposes during the transition period need to be vigilant as ratios computed under IFRS are not directly comparable with those derived under pre-changeover Canadian GAAP. It is recommended that heightened attention be directed to the new feature – comprehensive income – which incorporates unrealized gains and losses that bypass the income statement. The suggested analytical tools best suited to mitigate the contributing effect include reliance on comprehensive-Return on Assets (ROA) and comprehensive-Return on Equity (ROE).IFRS, financial ratios, first application of IFRS