Problems associated with operations and measurement in cryogenic wind tunnels

Cryogenic wind tunnel T'3 under continuous blower operation has been the object of improvements and the installation of auxiliary equipment, dealing in particular with the enlargement of the liquid nitrogen injection reservoir and the hook-up to a fast data acquisition system. Following a brief description of the installation and its functioning, we present the main experimental techniques and the instrumentation used in the cryogenic environment

A Way Out of the Quantum Trap

We review Event Enhanced Quantum Theory (EEQT). In Section 1 we address the question "Is Quantum Theory the Last Word". In particular we respond to some of recent challenging staments of H.P. Stapp. We also discuss a possible future of the quantum paradigm - see also Section 5. In Section 2 we give a short sketch of EEQT. Examples are given in Section 3. Section 3.3 discusses a completely new phenomenon - chaos and fractal-like phenomena caused by a simultaneous "measurement" of several non-commuting observables (we include picture of Barnsley's IFS on unit sphere of a Hilbert space). In Section 4 we answer "Frequently Asked Questions" concerning EEQT.Comment: Replacement. Corrected affiliation. Latex, one .jpg figure. To appear in Proc. Conf. Relativistic Quantum Measurements, Napoli 1998, Ed. F. Petruccion

An Approximation to the Likelihood Function for Band-Power Estimates of CMB Anisotropies

Band-power estimates of cosmic microwave background fluctuations are now routinely used to place constraints on cosmological parameters. For this to be done in a rigorous fashion, the full likelihood function of band-power estimates must be employed. Even for Gaussian theories, this likelihood function is not itself Gaussian, for the simple reason that band-powers measure the {\em variance} of the random sky fluctuations. In the context of Gaussian sky fluctuations, we use an ideal situation to motivate a general form for the full likelihood function from a given experiment. This form contains only two free parameters, which can be determined if the 68% and 95% confidence intervals of the true likelihood function are known. The ansatz works remarkably well when compared to the complete likelihood function for a number of experiments. For application of this kind of approach, we suggest that in the future both 68% and 95% (and perhaps also the 99.7%) confidence intervals be given when reporting experimental results.Comment: Published versio

A New Local Temperature Distribution Function for X-ray Clusters: Cosmological Applications

(abridged) We present a new determination of the local temperature function of X-ray clusters. We use a new sample comprising fifty clusters for which temperature information is now available, making it the largest complete sample of its kind. It is therefore expected to significantly improve the estimation of the temperature distribution function of moderately hot clusters. We find that the resulting temperature function is higher than previous estimations, but agrees well with the temperature distribution function inferred from the BCS and RASS luminosity function. We have used this sample to constrain the amplitude of the matter fluctuations on cluster's scale of $8\sqrt[3]{\Omega_0}^{-1}h^{-1}$Mpc, assuming a mass-temperature relation based on recent numerical simulations. We find $\sigma_8 = 0.6\pm 0.02$ for an $\Omega_0 = 1$ model. Our sample provides an ideal reference at $z \sim 0$ to use in the application of the cosmological test based on the evolution of X-ray cluster abundance (Oukbir & Blanchard 1992, 1997). Using Henry's sample, we find that the abundance of clusters at $z = 0.33$ is significantly smaller, by a factor larger than 2, which shows that the EMSS sample provides strong evidence for evolution of the cluster abundance. A likelihood analysis leads to a rather high value of the mean density parameter of the universe: $\Omega =0.92 \pm 0.22$ (open case) and $\Omega =0.86 \pm 0.25$ (flat case), which is consistent with a previous, independent estimation based on the full EMSS sample by Sadat et al.(1998). Some systematic uncertainties which could alter this result are briefly discussed.Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, mathches the version published in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Tests with three-dimensional adjustments in the rectangular working section of the French T2 wind tunnel with an AS 07-type swept-back wing model

The results obtained on the AS 07 wing and the working section walls for three types of configurations are reported. The first, called non-adapted, corresponds to the divergent upper and lower rectilinear walls which compensate for limit layer thickening. It can serve as a basis for complete flow calculations. The second configuration corresponds to wall shapes determined from calculations which tend to minimize interference at the level of the fuselage. Finally, the third configuration, called two-dimensional adaptation, uses the standard method for T2 profile tests. This case was tested to determine the influence of wall shape and error magnitude. These results are not sufficient to validate the three-dimensional adaptation; they must be coordinated with calculations or with unlimited atmosphere tests

Sex differences between primary and secondary psychopathy, parental bonding, and attachment style.

Sex differences in primary and secondary psychopathic traits and behaviors are consistently evidenced, although less is known about the developmental trajectories of these differences and why they might arise. In this study (N = 362) we investigated whether men and women reporting higher levels of primary or secondary psychopathic traits differed in retrospective accounts of how cold and controlling both their mother and father were during childhood, and how anxious and avoidant they are about contemporary relationships. Primary psychopathic traits in men related to controlling mothers and avoidant attachment, whereas in women they related to uncaring fathers and both anxious and avoidant attachment. Secondary psychopathic traits in men were predicted by uncaring mothers and fathers, as well as anxious attachment, whereas in women, neither parental bonding nor attachment style were related. Results are discussed from an evolutionary, life history theory paradigm