1,206 research outputs found
USA educator perspectives regarding the nature and value of social and emotional learning
This paper discusses the US educator perspectives regarding the nature and value of Social Emotional Learning (SEL) skills. This research is part of a larger study being conducted by 33 career development investigators from 15 countries. SEL skills are becoming increasingly critical to helping youth develop the competencies needed to become employable within the emergent 4th Industrial Revolution. Today’s youth must articulate how their competencies align to multiple career opportunities. They need relationship skills and social awareness to interact with different managers and work environments. Youth need self-management skills to advance in the workplace and engage in lifelong learning. For this study, educators were asked to provide written responses to a series of open-ended questions about their understanding of SEL, their perspective on SEL’s relevance to their own effectiveness as educators, and whether and how they perceive SEL as relevant to teaching in classroom settings. This paper will report on the results of how U.S. educators perceive the value and relevance of SEL. Using a modified grounded theory approach, responses from 40 educators were analyzed and 123 SEL themes emerged. The results will be discussed in relation to existing SEL and career readiness frameworks.First author draf
Efficacy of non-lead ammunition for culling elk at Theodore Roosevelt National Park
During 2010 to 2013, park staff and public volunteers culled 983 elk (Cervus elaphus) from Theodore Roosevelt National Park (United States) utilizing non-lead rifle ammunition as part of a sanctioned herd management operation. Because there is little empirical evidence available on the performance of non-lead ammunition, staff recorded information on tools and techniques relevant to the scenarios under which elk were culled and the outcome of each engagement. We also conducted a fi ring range experiment to evaluate the precision of nonlead ammunition used in park fi rearms. Specific objectives were to identify program factors predicting efficient destruction of elk with non-lead ammunition and to evaluate the precision of non-lead ammunition in National Park Service (NPS) fi rearms to facilitate accurate shot placement. To address these objectives, we conducted multivariate ordinal regression analyses of 13 variables, including bullet type, marksman type, shot distance, initial shot impact location, number of shots fi red, and need for a killing shot, as predictors of distance traveled by elk after being shot. Among 921 elk removals evaluated, mean shot distance was 182 meters, and the median and mode of distance traveled were 46 m and 0 m, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that shots to the head and neck were most effective, followed by those striking the shoulder and chest. Heavier bullets should be used whenever practical. Mean group size for non-lead ammunition fi red through NPS fi rearms was 50 mm at 91 m, with minimum and maximum group sizes of 18.8 and 98.6 mm, respectively. We found that non-lead ammunition provided the necessary precision for accurate shot placement in spot and stalk hunting conditions and that these bullets typically accomplished instantaneous or near-instantaneous incapacitation of elk whenever vital areas of the body were impacted. We conclude that non-lead bullets are effective for wildlife management and hunting scenarios
Sign-time distribution for a random walker with a drifting boundary
We present a derivation of the exact sign-time distribution for a random
walker in the presence of a boundary moving with constant velocity.Comment: 5 page
Underground mine scheduling under uncertainty
17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under review.The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2021.01.011Underground mine schedules seek to determine start dates for activities related to the extraction of ore, often with an objective of maximizing net present value; constraints enforce geotechnical precedence between activities, and restrict resource consumption on a per-time-period basis, e.g., development footage and extracted tons. Strategic schedules address these start dates at a coarse level, whereas tactical schedules must account for the day-to-day variability of underground mine operations, such as unanticipated equipment breakdowns and ground conditions, both of which might slow production. At the time of this writing, the underground mine scheduling literature is dominated by a deterministic treatment of the problem, usually modeled as a Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP), which precludes mine operators from reacting to unforeseen circumstances. Therefore, we propose a stochastic integer programming framework that: (i) characterizes uncertainty in duration and economic value for each underground mining activity; (ii) formulates a new stochastic variant of the RCPSP; (iii) suggests an optimization-based heuristic; and, (iv) produces implementable, tactical schedules in a practical amount of time and provides corresponding managerial insights.National Institute of Occupational Safety and HealthNational Agency for Research and Development (ANID
A novel product representation to highlight cross-assembly dependencies and product robustness
AbstractManufacturing industry has traditionally used Bill of Materials (BOMs) and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) tools to track components and sub-assemblies within a product. These apply a hierarchical structure to product assemblies and sub-assemblies. Impacts of change to one or more components can easily be traced throughout the assembly tree; however, changes impacting another component not directly or explicitly connected to the first are not considered. Here the authors present the novel Kendrick Reticulated Ontology Model (KROM), a mesh component network to highlight cross-assembly dependencies. Nth–order connections are considered through user inputted links between otherwise unconnected components. Unexpected emergent behaviours can therefore be anticipated. Network analysis was applied to the resulting graph, quantifying the design's robustness though centrality measures. Considering both product components and assembly associated tooling and jigging demonstrates the true propagating impact of design change. It is shown that core component connectedness order is changed when tooling becomes part of the network. This is particularly significant when considering the regular omission of tooling in BOMs. Here, a disconnection between Design Engineering and Production Engineering after design finalisation has been determined and a solution presented
Measuring Redshift-Space Distortions using Photometric Surveys
We outline how redshift-space distortions (RSD) can be measured from the
angular correlation function w({\theta}), of galaxies selected from photometric
surveys. The natural degeneracy between RSD and galaxy bias can be minimized by
comparing results from bins with top-hat galaxy selection in redshift, and bins
based on the radial position of galaxy pair centres. This comparison can also
be used to test the accuracy of the photometric redshifts. The presence of RSD
will be clearly detectable with the next generation of photometric redshift
surveys. We show that the Dark Energy Survey (DES) will be able to measure
f(z){\sigma}_8(z) to a 1{\sigma} accuracy of (17 {\times} b)%, using galaxies
drawn from a single narrow redshift slice centered at z = 1. Here b is the
linear bias, and f is the logarithmic rate of change of the linear growth rate
with respect to the scale factor. Extending to measurements of w({\theta}) for
a series of bins of width 0.02(1 + z) over 0.5 < z < 1.4 will measure {\gamma}
to a 1{\sigma} accuracy of 25%, given the model f = {\Omega}_m(z)^{\gamma}, and
assuming a linear bias model that evolves such that b = 0.5 + z (and fixing
other cosmological parameters). The accuracy of our analytic predictions is
confirmed using mock catalogs drawn from simulations conducted by the MICE
collaboration.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS, revisions include fixing of typos and
clarification of the tex
Distance, Growth Factor, and Dark Energy Constraints from Photometric Baryon Acoustic Oscillation and Weak Lensing Measurements
Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) and weak lensing (WL) are complementary
probes of cosmology. We explore the distance and growth factor measurements
from photometric BAO and WL techniques and investigate the roles of the
distance and growth factor in constraining dark energy. We find for WL that the
growth factor has a great impact on dark energy constraints but is much less
powerful than the distance. Dark energy constraints from WL are concentrated in
considerably fewer distance eigenmodes than those from BAO, with the largest
contributions from modes that are sensitive to the absolute distance. Both
techniques have some well determined distance eigenmodes that are not very
sensitive to the dark energy equation of state parameters w_0 and w_a,
suggesting that they can accommodate additional parameters for dark energy and
for the control of systematic uncertainties. A joint analysis of BAO and WL is
far more powerful than either technique alone, and the resulting constraints on
the distance and growth factor will be useful for distinguishing dark energy
and modified gravity models. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will
yield both WL and angular BAO over a sample of several billion galaxies. Joint
LSST BAO and WL can yield 0.5% level precision on ten comoving distances evenly
spaced in log(1+z) between redshift 0.3 and 3 with cosmic microwave background
priors from Planck. In addition, since the angular diameter distance, which
directly affects the observables, is linked to the comoving distance solely by
the curvature radius in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric solution, LSST
can achieve a pure metric constraint of 0.017 on the mean curvature parameter
Omega_k of the universe simultaneously with the constraints on the comoving
distances.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, details and references added, ApJ accepte
Persistence exponents of non-Gaussian processes in statistical mechanics
Motivated by certain problems of statistical physics we consider a stationary
stochastic process in which deterministic evolution is interrupted at random
times by upward jumps of a fixed size. If the evolution consists of linear
decay, the sample functions are of the "random sawtooth" type and the level
dependent persistence exponent \theta can be calculated exactly. We then
develop an expansion method valid for small curvature of the deterministic
curve. The curvature parameter g plays the role of the coupling constant of an
interacting particle system. The leading order curvature correction to \theta
is proportional to g^{2/3}. The expansion applies in particular to exponential
decay in the limit of large level, where the curvature correction considerably
improves the linear approximation. The Langevin equation, with Gaussian white
noise, is recovered as a singular limiting case.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
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