Study of daily variation of coefficient of paths extension by oblique sounding with the Russian chirp network of ionosphere monitoring

© 2019 IEEE. The results of an experimental study of the extension coefficient of HF radio paths of various lengths and geographical orientations using an oblique sounding continuous chirp signal are presented. The results obtained, together with characteristics of means of oblique sounding and a corrected ionosphere model, make it possible to increase the accuracy of recording the coordinates of aerial targets detected by the OTHR

Study of daily variation of coefficient of paths extension by oblique sounding with the Russian chirp network of ionosphere monitoring

© 2019 IEEE. The results of an experimental study of the extension coefficient of HF radio paths of various lengths and geographical orientations using an oblique sounding continuous chirp signal are presented. The results obtained, together with characteristics of means of oblique sounding and a corrected ionosphere model, make it possible to increase the accuracy of recording the coordinates of aerial targets detected by the OTHR

Evaluation of signal mode characteristics near the MOF for the purposes of the over-the-horizon radar

© 2019 IEEE. A comparative assessment of the characteristics of the upper and lower rays near the MOF is carried out. The method of oblique sounding of ionosphere by the chirp signals was used and paths of various lengths were used. It is shown that there are frequencies near the MOF which amplitudes of signals of the upper and lower rays are comparable. The difference between the times of group propagation is in the range of ∼ 40-460 μs, which corresponds to the range of distances of ∼ 15-140 km

Evaluation of signal mode characteristics near the MOF for the purposes of the over-the-horizon radar

© 2019 IEEE. A comparative assessment of the characteristics of the upper and lower rays near the MOF is carried out. The method of oblique sounding of ionosphere by the chirp signals was used and paths of various lengths were used. It is shown that there are frequencies near the MOF which amplitudes of signals of the upper and lower rays are comparable. The difference between the times of group propagation is in the range of ∼ 40-460 μs, which corresponds to the range of distances of ∼ 15-140 km

Pseudochrysis Semenov, 1891 is the valid genus name for a group of cuckoo wasps frequently referred to as Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)

The cuckoo wasp genus Pseudochrysis Semenov, 1891 is currently treated by several authors as a junior subjective synonym of Euchroeus Latreille, 1809, due to a type species designation by O. W. Richards in 1935. In the original description of the genus Pseudochrysis, Semenov (1891) distinguished two subordinated taxa within the genus Pseudochrysis: the subgenus Pseudochrysis and the subgenus Spintharis (sensu Dahlbom 1854). Semenov included three species in the subgenus Spintharis, but failed to mention any species included in the nominal subgenus. He was the first author, however, who listed in a subsequent publication (Semenov 1892) eleven species to be included in the nominal subgenus. According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, Art. 67.2.2), these eleven species are deemed to have been listed in the original description. One of these, Chrysura humboldti Dahlbom, 1845, was explicitly designated by Semenov (1892) as type species of Pseudochrysis. We therefore consider the designation of Pseudochrysis (Spintharis) virgo Semenov, 1891 as type species of Pseudochrysis by Richards (1935) as invalid. The currently widely used genus name Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951 (type species Chrysis uniformis Dahlbom, 1854) is consequently to be regarded as a junior subjective synonym of Pseudochrysis, given the current circumscription of the genus Pseudospinolia (including both Pseudospinolia humboldti and Pseudospinolia uniformis)