693 research outputs found
Black Male Student-Athletes and Racial Inequities in NCAA Division I College Sports
The purpose of this report is to make transparent racial inequities in NCAA Division I college sports. Specifically, the authors offer a four-year analysis of Black men's representation on football and basketball teams versus their representation in the undergraduate student body on each campus. The report concludes with recommendations for the NCAA and commissioners of the six major sports conferences, college and university leaders, coaches and athletics directors, journalists, and Black male student-athletes and their families
Building and analyzing protein interactome networks by cross-species comparisons
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A genomic catalogue of protein-protein interactions is a rich source of information, particularly for exploring the relationships between proteins. Numerous systems-wide and small-scale experiments have been conducted to identify interactions; however, our knowledge of all interactions for any one species is incomplete, and alternative means to expand these network maps is needed. We therefore took a comparative biology approach to predict protein-protein interactions across five species (human, mouse, fly, worm, and yeast) and developed InterologFinder for research biologists to easily navigate this data. We also developed a confidence score for interactions based on available experimental evidence and conservation across species.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The connectivity of the resultant networks was determined to have scale-free distribution, small-world properties, and increased local modularity, indicating that the added interactions do not disrupt our current understanding of protein network structures. We show examples of how these improved interactomes can be used to analyze a genome-scale dataset (RNAi screen) and to assign new function to proteins. Predicted interactions within this dataset were tested by co-immunoprecipitation, resulting in a high rate of validation, suggesting the high quality of networks produced.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Protein-protein interactions were predicted in five species, based on orthology. An InteroScore, a score accounting for homology, number of orthologues with evidence of interactions, and number of unique observations of interactions, is given to each known and predicted interaction. Our website <url>http://www.interologfinder.org</url> provides research biologists intuitive access to this data.</p
A new in vitro model to evaluate differential responses of endothelial cells to simulated arterial shear stress wave forms.
In the circulation, flow-responsive endothelial cells (ECs
Hierarchical Neural Network Architecture In Keyword Spotting
Keyword Spotting (KWS) provides the start signal of ASR problem, and thus it
is essential to ensure a high recall rate. However, its real-time property
requires low computation complexity. This contradiction inspires people to find
a suitable model which is small enough to perform well in multi environments.
To deal with this contradiction, we implement the Hierarchical Neural
Network(HNN), which is proved to be effective in many speech recognition
problems. HNN outperforms traditional DNN and CNN even though its model size
and computation complexity are slightly less. Also, its simple topology
structure makes easy to deploy on any device.Comment: To be submitted in part to IEEE ICASSP 201
The Chandra X-ray Survey of Planetary Nebulae (ChanPlaNS): Probing Binarity, Magnetic Fields, and Wind Collisions
We present an overview of the initial results from the Chandra Planetary
Nebula Survey (ChanPlaNS), the first systematic (volume-limited) Chandra X-ray
Observatory survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in the solar neighborhood. The
first phase of ChanPlaNS targeted 21 mostly high-excitation PNe within ~1.5 kpc
of Earth, yielding 4 detections of diffuse X-ray emission and 9 detections of
X-ray-luminous point sources at the central stars (CSPNe) of these objects.
Combining these results with those obtained from Chandra archival data for all
(14) other PNe within ~1.5 kpc that have been observed to date, we find an
overall X-ray detection rate of ~70%. Roughly 50% of the PNe observed by
Chandra harbor X-ray-luminous CSPNe, while soft, diffuse X-ray emission tracing
shocks formed by energetic wind collisions is detected in ~30%; five objects
display both diffuse and point-like emission components. The presence of X-ray
sources appears correlated with PN density structure, in that molecule-poor,
elliptical nebulae are more likely to display X-ray emission (either point-like
or diffuse) than molecule-rich, bipolar or Ring-like nebulae. All but one of
the X-ray point sources detected at CSPNe display X-ray spectra that are harder
than expected from hot (~100 kK) central star photospheres, possibly indicating
a high frequency of binary companions to CSPNe. Other potential explanations
include self-shocking winds or PN mass fallback. Most PNe detected as diffuse
X-ray sources are elliptical nebulae that display a nested shell/halo structure
and bright ansae; the diffuse X-ray emission regions are confined within inner,
sharp-rimmed shells. All sample PNe that display diffuse X-ray emission have
inner shell dynamical ages <~5x10^3 yr, placing firm constraints on the
timescale for strong shocks due to wind interactions in PNe.Comment: 41 pages, 6 figures; submitted to the Astronomical Journa
Widespread active detachment faulting and core complex formation near 13°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Author Posting. © Nature Publishing Group, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Nature Publishing Group for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nature 442 (2006): 440-443, doi:10.1038/nature04950.Oceanic core complexes are massifs in which lower crustal and upper mantle rocks are exposed at the sea floor. They form at mid-ocean ridges through slip on detachment faults rooted below the spreading axis. To date, most studies of core complexes have been based on isolated inactive massifs that have spread away from ridge axes. A new survey of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) near 13°N reveals a segment in which a number of linked detachment faults extend for 75 km along one flank of the spreading axis. The detachment faults are apparently all currently active and at various stages of development. A field of extinct core complexes extends away from the axis for at least 100 km. The new data document the topographic characteristics of actively-forming core complexes and their evolution from initiation within the axial valley floor to maturity and eventual inactivity. Within the surrounding region there is a strong correlation between detachment fault morphology at the ridge axis and high rates of hydroacoustically-recorded earthquake seismicity. Preliminary examination of seismicity and seafloor morphology farther north along the MAR suggests that active detachment faulting is occurring in many segments and that detachment faulting is more important in the generation of ocean crust at this slow-spreading ridge than previously suspected.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation
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