27 research outputs found
Fabrication, optical characterization and modeling of strained core-shell nanowires
Strained nanowires with varying InAs/InP core-shell thicknesses were grown
using Chemical Beam Epitaxy. Microphotoluminescence spectroscopy, performed at
low temperature, was then used to study the optical properties of single wires.
Emission from the InAs core was observed and its dependence on the shell
thickness/core diameter ratio was investigated. We found that it is possible to
tune the emission energy towards 0.8 eV by controlling this ratio. We have
compared the measured energies with calculated energies. Our findings are
consistent with the wires having a hexagonal crystal structure.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the Eighth International
Conference on Atomically Controlled Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanostructures
and the Thirteenth International Congress on Thin Films - ACSIN-8/ICTF-1
GaN and InN nanowires grown by MBE: a comparison
Morphological, optical and transport properties of GaN and InN nanowires
grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been studied. The differences
between the two materials in respect to growth parameters and optimization
procedure was stressed. The nanowires crystalline quality has been investigated
by means of their optical properties. A comparison of the transport
characteristics was given. For each material a band schema was shown, which
takes into account transport and optical features and is based on Fermi level
pinning at the surface.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Dual diagnosis clients' treatment satisfaction - a systematic review
Background:
The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize existing evidence about treatment satisfaction among clients with substance misuse and mental health co-morbidity (dual diagnoses, DD).
Methods:
We examined satisfaction with treatment received, variations in satisfaction levels by type of treatment intervention and by diagnosis (i.e. DD clients vs. single diagnosis clients), and the influence of factors other than treatment type on satisfaction. Peer-reviewed studies published in English since 1970 were identified by searching electronic databases using pre-defined search strings.
Results:
Across the 27 studies that met inclusion criteria, high average satisfaction scores were found. In most studies, integrated DD treatment yielded greater client satisfaction than standard treatment without explicit DD focus. In standard treatment without DD focus, DD clients tended to be less satisfied than single diagnosis clients. Whilst the evidence base on client and treatment variables related to satisfaction is small, it suggested client demographics and symptom severity to be unrelated to treatment satisfaction. However, satisfaction tended to be linked to other treatment process and outcome variables. Findings are limited in that many studies had very small sample sizes, did not use validated satisfaction instruments and may not have controlled for potential confounders. A framework for further research in this important area is discussed.
Conclusions:
High satisfaction levels with current treatment provision, especially among those in integrated treatment, should enhance therapeutic optimism among practitioners dealing with DD clients
Automatic abstraction in symbolic trajectory evaluation
Symbolic trajectory evaluation (STE) is a model checking technology based on symbolic simulation over a lattice of abstract state sets. The STE algorithm operates over families of these abstractions encoded by Boolean formulas, enabling verification with many different abstraction cases in a single modelchecking run. This provides a flexible way to achieve partitioned data abstraction. It is usually called "symbolic indexing' and is widely used in memory verification, but has seen relatively limited adoption elsewhere, primarily because users typically have to create the right indexed family of abstractions manually. This work provides the first known algorithm that automatically computes these partitioned abstractions given a reference-model specification. Our experimental results show that this approach not only simplifies memory verification, but also enables handling completely different designs fully automatically
On Surface Polymerization of 1,6 Dibromo 3,8 diiodpyrene A Comparative Study on Au 111 Versus Ag 111 by STM, XPS, and NEXAFS
The
surface chemistry of 1,6-dibromo-3,8-diiodopyrene (Br<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Py) is comparatively studied on Au(111) versus Ag(111)
surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum conditions by a combination of high-resolution
scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray spectroscopy. The chemical
state of the molecular networks, that is, the dehalogenation and the
possible formation of organometallic intermediates, is assessed by
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, pyrene tilt angles
are quantified by carbon K-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure
experiments. Upon room-temperature (RT) deposition of Br<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Py onto Au(111), only partial deiodination was found,
and STM revealed the coexistence of ordered arrangements of both intact
Br<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Py molecules and organometallic dimers
as well as few larger aggregates. Further annealing to 100 °C
triggered full deiodination followed by the formation of organometallic
chains of otherwise still brominated molecules. By contrast, on Ag(111),
iodine is fully and bromine is partly dissociated upon RT deposition
of Br<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Py. The initially disordered organometallic
aggregates can be reorganized into more ordered structures by mild
annealing at 125 °C. Yet, the conversion of the organometallic
intermediates into well-defined cross-linked quasi 2D covalent networks
was neither possible on Au(111) nor on Ag(111). This is attributed
to the large steric hindrance in the covalently linked adsorbed state
Multimode silicon nanowire transistors
The combined capabilities of both a nonplanar design and nonconventional carrier injection mechanisms are subject to recent scientific investigations to overcome the limitations of silicon metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. In this Letter, we present a multimode field effect transistors device using silicon nanowires that feature an axial n-type/intrinsic doping junction. A heterostructural device design is achieved by employing a self-aligned nickel-silicide source contact. The polymorph operation of the dual-gate device enabling the configuration of one p- and two n-type transistor modes is demonstrated. Not only the type but also the carrier injection mode can be altered by appropriate biasing of the two gate terminals or by inverting the drain bias. With a combined band-to-band and Schottky tunneling mechanism, in p-type mode a subthreshold swing as low as 143 mV/dec and an ON/OFF ratio of up to 104 is found. As the device operates in forward bias, a nonconventional tunneling transistor is realized, enabling an effective suppression of ambipolarity. Depending on the drain bias, two different n-type modes are distinguishable. The carrier injection is dominated by thermionic emission in forward bias with a maximum ON/OFF ratio of up to 107 whereas in reverse bias a Schottky tunneling mechanism dominates the carrier transport