Association and Linkage of Atopic Dermatitis with Chromosome 13q12–14 and 5q31–33 Markers

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 10–20% of the population. Linkage of atopy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and total serum IgE levels to several different chromosomal regions have been described extensively, but little is known about the genetic control of atopic dermatitis. We tested for the association and linkage between atopic dermatitis and five chromosomal regions: 5q31–33, 6p21.3, 12q15–24.1, 13q12–31, and 14q11.2/14q32.1–32.3. Marker analysis was performed in two Caucasian populations: (i) 192 unrelated German children with atopic dermatitis and 59 non-atopic children from a German birth cohort study (MAS'90), parental DNA was tested in 77 of 192 children with atopic dermatitis; (ii) 40 Swedish families with at least one family member with atopic dermatitis selected from the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children. Evidence for linkage and allelic association for atopic dermatitis was observed for markers on chromosome 13q12–14 and 5q31–33

The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test : a methodological and clinical study

[email protected]

The value of clinical and histopathological characteristics for the prognosis of malignant laryngeal tumours

Balsenes ļaundabīgs audzējs ir otrais biežāk sastopams elpošanas sistēmas audzējs pēc plaušu audzēja. Tā ir viena no onkoloģiskām slimībām, pie kuras pacientu kopējā dzīvildze pēdējo 20 gadu laikā ir samazinājusies no 66% līdz 63%. Histopatoloģiskam slēdzienam ir būtiska nozīme balsenes ļaundabīgā audzēja ārstēšanas stratēģijas izvēlē un prognozes izvērtēšanā.Pētījuma mērķis ir novērtēt balsenes ļaundabīgā audzēja klīnisko un histopatoloģisko rādītāju ietekmi uz recidīva attīstību, pacienta kopējo un bezrecidīva dzīvildzi.Pētījumā tika iekļauti 105 pacienti, kuriem histoloģiski tika apstiprināta balsenes ļaundabīgā audzēja diagnoze. Tika analizēti histopatoloģiskie slēdzieni no RAKUS Patoloģijas Centra arhīva datubāzes un klīniskā informācija no “Ārsta biroja” datiem par 2011.gadu.Datu apstrāde tika veikta ar Microsoft Office Excel 2013 un IBM SPSS Statistics 22 versiju. Pētījumā iegūtie rezultāti parādīja, ka balsenes ļaundabīgā audzēja biežāka histoloģiskā forma bija plakanšūnu karcinoma (n=104; 90,05%), kas pamatā bija vidēji diferencēta (n=65; 62,5%). Biežāk tā bija sastopama vīriešiem (n=101; 96,19%). Pacientu vidējais vecums bija 62,04 ± 10,02 gadi. Biežāka lokalizācija bija glottis apvidū (n=63; 60%). Galvenais no pirmajiem simptomiem pacientiem ar balsenes ļaundabīgo audzēju bija balss piesmakums (n=66; 62,86%). Lielākai daļai pacientu balsenes ļaundabīgs audzējs bija diagnosticēts vēlīni, III stadijā (n=53; 53,54%). No mūsu pētījumā iekļautiem pacientiem recidīvs attīstījās 25 (24,04%) pacientiem, biežāk tas bija novērojams pirmajos trijos gados kopš diagnozes noteikšanas brīža. Tika konstatēts, ka recidīva attīstība biežāk raksturīga gados jaunākiem pacientiem (līdz 60 gadiem) (Rho=0.207; p=0.034) un pacientiem ar lielāku T apakšstadiju (Rho= -0.233; p=0.022). Mūsu pētījumā tika konstatēti pacientu bezrecidīva dzīvildzi un kopējo dzīvildzi ietekmējošie faktori. Galvenie bezrecidīva dzīvildzi ietekmējošie faktori ir audzēja stadija (p=0.032), īpaši T apakšstadija (p=0.010) atbilstoši TNM klasifikācijai un audzēja izplatība uz hipofarinksu (p=0.009). Sliktāka bezrecidīva dzīvildze novērojama pacientiem ar III stadiju un lielāku T apakšstadiju. Kopējo dzīvildzi pacientiem ar balsenes ļaundabīgo audzēju ietekmē pacientu dzimums (p=0.042), audzēja diferenciācijas pakāpe (p=0.010), audzēja izplatība uz hipofarinksu (p=0.009), metastāžu esamība (p=0.039) un T apakšstadija (p=0.003). Sliktāka kopējā dzīvildze novērojama vīriešiem, pacientiem ar zemu vai vidēji diferencētiem audzējiem, audzējiem ar izplatību uz hipofarinksu, pacientiem ar reģionālām un distālām metastāzēm un lielaku T apakšstadiju. Secinājumi. Klīnisko un histopatoloģisko rādītāju novērtēšana ir būtiska balsenes ļaundabīgā audzēja prognozes izvērtēšanai un recidīva riska stratifikācijai.Malignant laryngeal tumour is the second most common tumour of the respiratory system after lung cancer.It is one of the oncological diseases, to which patients’ overall survival rate during last 20 years has decreased from 66% to 63%.Histopathological findings have an important role deciding treatment strategy and in evaluation of prognosis.The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of clinical and histopathological characteristics on tumour relapse, patients overall and relapse-free survival.105 patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of malignant laryngeal tumour were enrolled into the study. Histopathological data were analysed from the Riga East university Hospital Centre of Pathology database and clinical information database “Ārsta birojs”. The results were statistically analysed by Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22.Our results showed, that the most frequent histological type of laryngeal cancer was squamous cell carcinoma (n=104; 90,05%), which was mostly moderately differentiated (n=65; 62,5%). It was more common in men (n=101; 96,19%). Patients’ mean age was 62,04 ± 10,02 years. The most frequent location was glottis (n=63; 60%). One of the main symptoms was hoarseness (n=66; 62,86%). In most patients, tumour was diagnosed at stage III (n=53; 53,54%). Relapse developed in 25 (24,04%) patients from our group, more often in first three years from date of diagnosis. It was found that tumour relapse is associated with relatively younger patient age (below 60 years) (Rho=0.207; p=0.034) and higher T substage (Rho= -0.233; p=0.022). The histopathological and clinical characteristics which influence relapse-free and overall survival rate was observed. The main factors that influence relapse-free survival rate was tumour stage (p=0.032), especially T substage (p=0.010) according to TNM classification, and tumour spread to hypopharynx (p=0.009). Worse relapse-free survival was found to patients with stage III, high T substage. Overall survival rate was influenced by gender (p=0.042), the degree of differentiation (p=0.010), tumour spread to hypopharynx (p=0.009), presence of metastasis (p=0.039) and T substage (p=0.003). Worse overall survival rate was observed in males, patients with poorly and moderately differentiated tumours, tumours with spread to hypopharynx, patients with regional and distal metastasis and high T substage. Conclusions. Clinical and histopathological characteristics have an important role in the evaluation of prognosis and stratification of tumour relapse risk

Immune responses to birch in young children during their first 7 years of life

Background The character of immune responses to allergens during the first years of life may decide whether the individual will become tolerant or develop allergy later in life. Objective To study the development of immune responses to the seasonal inhalant allergen birch over the first 7 years of life. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 21 children who were followed prospectively from the second to the seventh pollen season of life. Birch-induced cytokine production and IgG subclass antibodies to rBet v 1 were analysed with ELISA, mRNA expression with real time PCR, IgE antibodies to birch with Magic LiteTM and birch-induced mononuclear cell proliferation with 3H-thymidine incorporation. Results Birch-induced IFN-γ and IL-10 production increased with age, both in atopic and non-atopic children, while birch-induced IL-13 production decreased. The two children who were sensitized and developed clinical allergy to birch showed persistent IL-4 and IL-5 production and IL-9 mRNA expression, as well as Th2-associated IgG4 responses. Transient Th2-like responses were observed among the other children. Proliferative responses and IgG1 antibodies were seen in all children. Conclusions Immune responses to birch can be demonstrated in all children, during the first 7 years of life, regardless of atopic status. A transient early Th2-like response is down-regulated after the fourth pollen season, except in children who develop clinical allergy to the particular allergen

James Warner starting the starboard motor of the Southern Cross, Fokker monoplane F.VII/3m, VH-USU, before takeoff to Melbourne from Sydney, 10 June 1928 [picture] /

"Jim Warner does his cranking job before the take-off for Melbourne"--label, on verso.; Part of the collection: Charles Ulm national aviation collection.; Title devised by cataloguer based on accompanying documentation.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn3930739

during their first 7 years

Immune responses to birch in young childre