Spinning around or stagnation - what do osteoblasts and chondroblasts really like?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The influcence of cytomechanical forces in cellular migration, proliferation and differentation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is still poorly understood in detail.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Human MSCs were isolated and cultivated onto the surface of a 3 × 3 mm porcine collagen I/III carrier. After incubation, cell cultures were transfered to the different cutures systems: regular static tissue flasks (group I), spinner flasks (group II) and rotating wall vessels (group III). Following standard protocols cells were stimulated lineage specific towards the osteogenic and chondrogenic lines. To evaluate the effects of applied cytomechanical forces towards cellular differentiation distinct parameters were measured (morphology, antigen and antigen expression) after a total cultivation period of 21 days in vitro.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Depending on the cultivation technique we found significant differences in both gen and protein expression.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Cytomechanical forces with rotational components strongly influence the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation.</p

Migration pattern of cementless press fit cups in the presence of stabilizing screws in total hip arthroplasty

The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial acetabular implant stability and late acetabular implant migration in press fit cups combined with screw fixation of the acetabular component in order to answer the question whether screws are necessary for the fixation of the acetabular component in cementless primary total hip arthroplasty. One hundred and seven hips were available for follow-up after primary THA using a cementless, porous-coated acetabular component. A total of 631 standardized radiographs were analyzed digitally by the "single-film-x-ray-analysis" method (EBRA). One hundred 'and one (94.4%) acetabular components did not show significant migration of more than 1 mm. Six (5.6%) implants showed migration of more than 1 mm. Statistical analysis did not reveal preoperative patterns that would identify predictors for future migration. Our findings suggest that the use of screw fixation for cementless porous- coated acetabular components for primary THA does not prevent cup migration

Radiologische Diagnose des femoroazetabulären Impingements

Zusammenfassung: Beim femoroazetabulären Impingement (FAI) bewirkt ein anatomisches Missverhältnis zwischen proximalem Femur und Azetabulum eine frühzeitige Abnützung der Gelenkflächen. Um Symptome wie eingeschränkte Beweglichkeit und Schmerzen zu beheben, aber auch um dem degenerativen Prozess vorzubeugen oder ihn zu verlangsamen, ist häufig eine Operation notwendig. Dabei hängt das Resultat vom präoperativen Gelenkstatus ab - mit schlechten Ergebnissen bei bereits fortgeschrittener Hüftgelenkarthrose. Dies erklärt die Notwendigkeit einer akkuraten Diagnostik, um Frühstadien der Gelenkschädigung erkennen zu können. Die Diagnostik des FAI beinhaltet klinische Untersuchung, Röntgendiagnostik und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT). Die Standardröntgen-radiologische Untersuchung beim FAI wird anhand von 2 Röntgenaufnahmen durchgeführt, der a.p.-Beckenaufnahme sowie einer seitlichen Aufnahme des proximalen Femurs wie z.B. der"lateralen cross-table”- oder der Lauenstein-Aufnahme. Hierbei müssen Positionskriterien eingehalten werden, um Verzerrungsartefakte auszuschließen. Die MRT-Bildgebung ermöglicht eine Untersuchung der Hüfte in 3 Ebenen und sollte zudem radial geplante Sequenzen für eine verbesserte Darstellung der randnahen Strukturen wie Labrum und peripherem Knorpel beinhalten. Die Verwendung von Kontrastmittel für ein direktes MR-Arthrogramm (MRA) hat sich insbesondere für die Darstellung von Labrumschäden als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Die Datenlage in Hinblick auf die Knorpelbildgebung ist noch unklar. Weiterentwicklungen der Techniken werden in naher Zukunft die Diagnostik der Hüfte verbessern können. Hierzu zählen u.a. biochemisch sensitive MRT-Anwendunge

Accuracy of magnetic resonance studies in the detection of chondral and labral lesions in femoroacetabular impingement : systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Several types of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used in imaging of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), however till now there are no clear protocols and recommendations for each type. The aim of this meta-analysis is to detect the accuracy of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), direct magnetic resonance arthrography (dMRA) and indirect magnetic resonance arthrography (iMRA) in the diagnosis of chondral and labral lesions in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Methods: A literature search was finalized on the 17th of May 2016 to collect all studies identifying the accuracy of cMRI, dMRA and iMRA in diagnosing chondral and labral lesions associated with FAI using surgical results (arthroscopic or open) as a reference test. Pooled sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects meta-analysis for MRI, dMRA and iMRA were calculated also area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was retrieved whenever possible where AUC is equivocal to diagnostic accuracy. Results: The search yielded 192 publications which were reviewed according inclusion and exclusion criteria then 21 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria for the qualitative analysis with a total number of 828 cases, lastly 12 studies were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that as regard labral lesions the pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC for cMRI were 0.864, 0.833 and 0.88 and for dMRA were 0.91, 0.58 and 0.92. While in chondral lesions the pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC for cMRI were 0.76, 0.72 and 0.75 and for dMRA were 0.75, 0.79 and 0.83, while for iMRA were sensitivity of 0.722 and specificity of 0.917. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis showed that the diagnostic test accuracy was superior for dMRA when compared with cMRI for detection of labral and chondral lesions. The diagnostic test accuracy was superior for labral lesions when compared with chondral lesions in both cMRI and dMRA. Promising results are obtained concerning iMRA but further studies still needed to fully assess its diagnostic accuracy

Ulnar-sided wrist pain. II. Clinical imaging and treatment

Pain at the ulnar aspect of the wrist is a diagnostic challenge for hand surgeons and radiologists due to the small and complex anatomical structures involved. In this article, imaging modalities including radiography, arthrography, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), CT arthrography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and MR arthrography are compared with regard to differential diagnosis. Clinical imaging findings are reviewed for a more comprehensive understanding of this disorder. Treatments for the common diseases that cause the ulnar-sided wrist pain including extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendonitis, flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) tendonitis, pisotriquetral arthritis, triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions, ulnar impaction, lunotriquetral (LT) instability, and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability are reviewed