Review: Paul Downes (2020): Reconstructing Agency in Developmental and Educational Psychology - Inclusive Systems as Concentric Space

The author describes the goal of this impressive work as the reconstruction of the foundations of developmental and educational psychology that fills in an important gap by arguing for a spatial turn. He proposes an innovative framework of agency seen as a movement between concentric and diametric spatial relations for a reconstruction of resilience. I present an overview of the structure and the content of the book followed by discussing in more detail the four themes: 1. key problems of agency, 2. the emotional-relational turn, 3. Vygotsky and the question about cultural conformity, and 4. the proposed spatial ecological systems framework, as both a domain of study and a methodology. In the discussion, I add perspectives from the field of teacher education and professional learning and agency.Ziel der beindruckenden Arbeit ist die Rekonstruktion der Grundlagen der Entwicklungspsychologie, wobei er eine Lücke in Richtung eines räumlichen Turn schließt. Er schlägt eine innovative Konzeption von Agency vor, verstanden als Bewegung zwischen konzentrischen und diametrischen räumlichen Beziehungen in Richtung einer Rekonstruktion von Resilienz. Ich stelle zunächst Struktur und Inhalt des Buches vor und diskutiere dann vier Themen eingehender: 1. Schlüsselprobleme von Agency, 2. den emotional-relationalen Turn, 3. Vygotsky und die Frage nach kultureller Konformität und 4. das von Downes vorgeschlagene räumlich-ökologische System in seiner Relevanz für Forschung und für Methodologie. Dabei greife ich auf Perspektiven aus den Bereichen Lehrer*innenausbildung sowie professionelles Lernen und Agency zurück

Quantifying the relationship between pollen sedimentation in lakes and land cover using historical maps

Pollen records from lake sediments have a great potential for providing information on the quantitative composition of past vegetation and land cover in the surrounding landscape. This can contribute to a better understanding of the development of the cultural landscape and interactions between human impact on the landscape and natural conditions like soil and climate. A good understanding of the history of cultural landscapes is necessary for choosing appropriate management strategies for areas dependent on cultural impact, such as heaths, meadows and dry pastures. It is also important for archaeological research concerning utilisation of the landscape in earlier periods. Furthermore, quantitative reconstructions are relevant for climate research. Here they can be used to test climate models, since model predictions of past climate can be translated into past vegetation, which can then be compared to pollen-based reconstructions. Past vegetation cover is also a necessary input to climate models, as it influences albedo, evapotranspiration and carbon storage and cycling. Quantifying vegetation from fossil pollen samples requires a detailed understanding of the way vegetation is reflected in pollen assemblages, including the approximate size of the area of vegetation represented. The relationship between pollen and vegetation is complicated by the fact that different plant species produce different amounts of pollen, and that pollen types are dispersed differently in the atmosphere, depending on their size, shape and weight. These pressing challenges in pollen analysis have attracted much attention in recent years. Models have been developed to describe and simulate species specific pollen dispersal, to quantitatively relate pollen proportions to plant abundance, as well as estimate pollen productivity and to quantify the pollen source area of different types of basins (Parsons & Prentice 1981; Prentice & Parsons 1983; Prentice 1985; Sugita 1993, 1994; Sugita et al. 1997, 1999; Broström 2002; Bunting et al. 2004). The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) has in recent years contributed to the development and validation of such models through the project AGRAR 2000 (Odgaard 1999; Nielsen 2003), where quantitative estimates of past land cover in different regions of Denmark were one of the main objectives, and through participation in the international research network POLLANDCAL (POLlen LANdscape CALibration), funded by NORDFORSK (Nordic Research Board), which focuses on further model development, validation and application

Delphi-studiet er en gave – nu gælder det om at bruge gaven fornuftigt

Kommentar til Lars Brian Krogh, Jens Dolin & Morten Rask Petersen:”De vigtigste udfordringer i det danske naturfagsdidaktiske felt”, MONA, 2022(2)

Evaluating the effect of flowering age and forest structure on pollen productivity estimates

Pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are indispensable prerequisites for quantitative vegetation reconstructions. Estimates from different European regions show a large variability and it is uncertain whether this reflects regional differences in climate and soil or is brought about by different assessments of vegetation abundance. Forests represent a particular problem as they consist of several layers of vegetation and many tree species only start producing pollen after they have attained ages of several decades. Here we used detailed forest inventory data from north-eastern Germany to investigate the effect of flowering age and understory trees on PPEs. Pollen counts were obtained from 49 small to medium sized lakes chosen to represent the different forest types in the region. Surface samples from lakes within a closed forest of Fagus yielded disproportionate amounts of Fagus pollen, increasing its PPE and the variability of all other estimates. These samples were removed from further analysis but indicate a high trunk-space component that is not considered in the Prentice–Sugita pollen dispersal and deposition model. Results of the restricted dataset show important differences in PPEs based on the consideration of flowering age and understory position. The effect is largest for slow growing and/or late flowering trees like Fagus and Carpinus while it is minimal for species that flower early in their development like Betula and Alnus. The large relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) of 7 km obtained in this study is consistent with the landscape structure of the region

Designing for effective online Teacher Professional Development (oTPD) in building education by supporting beliefs, communities, collaboration, and development

This article reports the initial research findings from a large project on online professional development and upskilling of in-service building teachers’ digital competencies. Based on the results from a preceding literature review and the pilot delivery of the course, three key factors for the design of effective online teacher professional development in building education — beliefs, communities and collaboration, and teaching development — are exemplified and discussed. The article concludes that the pilot was successful in developing the participants’ technical skills and competencies to introduce technology in building education; however, the pilot did not significantly influence the participants’ beliefs nor made them change practice within the duration of the course

Visible Learning: Hvad ved man om hvilke faktorer der påvirker elever og studerendes læring mest?

Anmeldelse af Joh n A.C. Hattie: VisibleLearning – a synthesis of over 800 metaanalysesrelating to achievement. Routledge,200