Game Theory-based Allocation Management in VCC Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have contributed significantly towards improving road traffic management and safety. VANETs, integrated with Vehicular Clouds, enable underutilized vehicular resources for efficient resource management, fulfilling service requests. However, due to the frequently changing network topology of vehicular cloud networks, the vehicles frequently move out of the coverage area of roadside units (RSUs), disconnecting from the RSUs and interrupting the fulfillment of ongoing service requests. In addition, working with heterogeneous vehicles makes it difficult to match the service requests with the varying resources of individual vehicles. Therefore, to address these challenges, this work introduces the concept of clustering resources from nearby vehicles to form Combined Resource Units (CRUs). These units contribute to maximizing the rate of fulfillment of service requests. CRU composition is helpful, especially for the heterogeneity of vehicles, since it allows clustering the varying resources of vehicles into a single unit. The vehicle resources are clustered into CRUs based on three different sized pools, making the service matching process more time-efficient. Previous works have adopted stochastic models for resource clustering configurations. However, this work adopts distinct search algorithms for CRU composition, which are computationally less complex. Results showed that light-weight search algorithms, such as selective search algorithm (SSA), achieved close to 80% of resource availability without over-assembling CRUs in higher density scenarios. Following CRU composition, a game-theoretical approach is opted for allocating CRUs to service requests. Under this approach, the CRUs play a non-cooperative game to maximize their utility, contributing to factors such as fairness, efficiency, improved system performance and reduced system overhead. The utility value takes into account the RSS (Received Signal Strength) value of each CRU and the resources required in fulfilling a request. Results of the game model showed that the proposed approach of CRU composition obtained 90% success rate towards matching and fulfilling service requests

The Pessimum Ratio and Aggregate Size Effects on Alkali Silica Reaction

AbstractAlkali aggregate reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between the reactive component of the aggregate and alkali hydroxide from the cement used in concrete or external source. In this study, the accelerated mortar bar tests were performed and their results were compared with each other in order to investigate the ratio of reactive aggregate which causes maximum expansion in mortar called a pessimum ratio in literature. For this purpose, the pessimum ratios of six different reactive aggregates (opal nodule, chert, chalcedony nodule, andesite, ignimbrite and dolomite) were determined. The effect of the particle size on the development of alkali-silica reaction was determined again by the Accelerated mortar bar tests (AMBT). AMBT were carried out with mortar bars of opal, chalcedony and chert aggregates having 4.76 mm to 0.074 mm grain size (0.074 to 4.76 mm). The experimental results showed that the highest expansion occurred in reactive aggregates, with 150 - 300 μm grain size

Investigation of Neural Mechanisms of Grip Relaxation

Neural mechanisms for grip relaxation are relatively unknown and understudied, as compared to mechanisms for grip initiation. Yet, termination of motor activity is as important as initiation in daily function. This knowledge gap presents incomplete understanding of neural control of hand function and its impairment with aging and neurologic disorders. The purpose of this dissertation was to identify and examine neural mechanisms of grip relaxation in healthy young adults, with aging, and in chronic stroke survivors. A series of experiments in healthy young adults showed that the relaxation from a maximum power grip was mediated by increase in the short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI). The role of spinal motor excitability modulation for grip relaxation was refuted, in contrast to previous literature for the leg muscle. These data from healthy young adults suggest that the grip relaxation time is a cortically mediated active process. Additionally, these studies also showed that the neural mechanism of grip relaxation is comparable for the dominant and the nondominant hand in healthy young adults. The next step was to identify any delays in relaxing from a grip in healthy older adults. Assessment of the effects of aging on the role of SICI showed that the delayed grip relaxation time in older adults was accompanied by reduced modulation of SICI for grip relaxation. The cortical silent period and H reflex did not explain delays in grip relaxation observed in older adults. Another series of experiments showed that the chronic stroke survivors and age-matched control adults demonstrated comparable modulations of SICI, cortical silent period, corticomotor excitability, and H reflex. Yet, the paretic hand of the stroke survivors was significantly delayed in relaxing from a grip. Correlation and regression analysis showed that the stroke-related delayed grip relaxation time may be explained by increased spasticity, reduced somatosensation, paretic grip weakness relative to the nonparetic, strength of the corticospinal connections and interhemispheric inhibition. An intervention aimed to modulate cortical excitability and interhemispheric inhibition, Active Passive Bilateral Therapy, was employed but was found to be not effective in modulating grip relaxation time and interhemispheric inhibition after a one-time 20-minute session, warranting a longer treatment time. In summary, this dissertation investigated neural mechanisms of grip relaxation and contributes to the general body of knowledge regarding neural control of hand movements

A Survey on Active Defense Honeypot Mechanism for Information Security

Information security is a rising concern today in this era of the internet because of the rapid development of the new attack techniques. The existing security mechanisms such as traditional intrusion detection systems, firewalls and encryption are the passive defense mechanisms. This has led to growing interest in the active defense technology like honeypots. Honeypots are fake computer Systems which appears vulnerable to attack though it actually prevents access to valuable sensitive data and administrative controls. A well designed and developed Honeypot provide data to the research community to study issues in network and information security. In this paper we examine different Types of Honeypots, Honeypot concepts and approaches in order to determine how we can intend measures to enhance security using these technologies. In this work a web application honeypot architecture is proposed

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Survey on Hybrid Anonymization using k-anonymity for Privacy Preserving in Data Mining

K-anonymity is the one of the popular privacy preserving model. In the data mining there is multiple technique is available k-anonymity is one of the technique which is used for the protecting privacy in the database. In this paper our main approach is hybrid anonymization. The main thing of this technique is that it is the mixing of two techniques. We introduce hybrid anonymization with hybrid generalization which is formed by not only generalization but also the data relocation. Data relocation serves trade-off between truthfulness and utility. Using the hybrid anonymization we maintain the privacy standard such as k-anonymity. In the previous research we find that k-anonymity is not good work with multiple sensitive data and there is more information loss occurs for that issue we use hybrid anonymization on multiple dataset. We show that our model can decrease the information loss in minimum time period

An Efficient Image Fusion of Visible and Infrared Band Images using Integration of Anisotropic Diffusion and Discrete Wavelet Transform

Image fusion is a technique that combines two source images to generate more informative target image. It plays a vital role in medical image investigation, military, navigation, etc. visible images offer efficient texture detail with high spatial resolution. In contrast, based on the radiation difference infrared images are able to differentiate target from their background. There are many algorithms that helps in preserving the edges of image like Bilateral filter, anisotropic diffusion (ADF). This paper integrates Anisotropic Diffusion and Karhunen-Loeve (KL)Transformation with discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In proposed Method, DWT decomposes into four sub-bands. ADF is applied on approximation sub-band and absolute maximum selection is applied on other three sub-bands. ADF decomposes the image into detailed layer and base layer. Base layer and Detailed layer are calculated using Kl- Transformation and linear combination respectively. Once fusion is done, inverse DWT is applied on all sub-bands. The experimental outcomes depict that the offered approach result with sharp edges of the image. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on standard dataset Like Duine_Sequence, Tree_sequence, Street dataset. Standard metrics like Average Gradients and Spatial Frequency metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the image

Anticoagulation in pulmonary TB induced deep vein thrombosis is it always warranted: a case report

India is a densely populated developing country and accounts for one quarter of the total tuberculosis cases reported worldwide. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been associated with 1.5-3.4% cases of tuberculosis. A 14 year female presented with complaints of cough with progressive breathlessness (NYHA Grade III) since 15 days along with easy fatiguability and fever for 3 days. The patient was started on Anti-Tubercular Treatment (ATT) as per RNTCP guidelines after thorough investigations. One week after the patient was started on ATT, the patient developed edema of the right lower limb accompanied by pain. Color doppler was suggestive of thrombosis in the superficial and deep veins. Early immobilization and physiotherapy was started immediately. Over a period of 10 days, the swelling gradually decreased, and pain subsided. Tuberculosis is an independent risk factor for the development of venous thromboembolism irrespective of the presence of other risk factors. Emphasis is thus laid on high index of suspicion and early diagnosis to control and prevent further complications like pulmonary embolism. We can propose that in patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, early immobilization and physiotherapy can prevent the development of DVT

Assessing Variabilities for Bioanalytical Methods

Variability arises from many different sources. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is important that these variabilities are estimated and controlled in order to provide a good quality and safe product. The FDA has certain guidelines dealing with precision that need to be followed. This analysis tested five different methods from SAS® to assess which test should be used. These five tests include methods from PROC VARCOMP – ML, REML, TYPE1 and MIVQUE0 and from PROC MIXED – REML. This analysis simulated data to get an estimate of precision under true values. The simulation only dealt with two parameters where variability could arise and it had four possible values for each. The simulation also took into account the number of labs and number within, which also had four values each, in total created 252 different scenarios. Bias and mean square error (MSE) means were used to evaluate these five methods. Data was also obtained from Merck & Co. and CV (RSD) values were found to check precision of various tests. Generally speaking, the bias and MSE decrease as the sample size increases for all methods. MIVQUE0 was concluded to be the best test for checking variability. If the sample size is high, the testing method does not matter because all will produce the same or similar results, however, the pharmaceutical industry does not have the luxury of having many lab assays available. Therefore, these results are based on providing the best recommendation for the current situation and not an ideal situation.M.P.H., Public Health -- Drexel University, 201