Epidemiology of pemphigus in Turkey: One-year prospective study of 220 cases

Pemphigus is a group of rare and life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Although they occur worldwide, their incidence shows wide geographical variation, and prospective data on the epidemiology of pemphigus are very limited. Objective of this work is to evaluate the incidence and epidemiological and clinical features of patients with pemphigus in Turkey. All patients newly diagnosed with pemphigus between June 2013 and June 2014 were prospectively enrolled in 33 dermatology departments in 20 different provinces from all seven regions of Turkey. Disease parameters including demography and clinical findings were recorded. A total of 220 patients were diagnosed with pemphigus during the 1-year period, with an annual incidence of 4.7 per million people in Turkey. Patients were predominantly women, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.41. The mean age at onset was 48.9 years. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) was the commonest clinical subtype (n=192; 87.3%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (n=21; 9.6%). The most common clinical subtype of PV was the mucocutaneous type (n=83; 43.2%). The mean Pemphigus Disease Area Index was 28.14±22.21 (mean ± Standard Deviation).  The incidence rate of pemphigus in Turkey is similar to the countries of South-East Europe, higher than those reported for the Central and Northern European countries and lower than the countries around the Mediterranean Sea and Iran. Pemphigus is more frequent in middle-aged people and is more common in women. The most frequent subtype was PV, with a 9-fold higher incidence than pemphigus foliaceus.   </p

The effect of strontium ranelate on serum insulin like growth factor-1 and leptin levels in osteoporotic post-menopausal women: a prospective study

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of strontium ranelate on insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leptin and osteocalcin levels in osteoporotic post-menopausal women

The Investigation of the Middle-School Mathematics Teachers’ Error Approaches on Modelling

anemonBu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin çeşitli modeller üzerinde yapılması muhtemel olan hataları belirleyebilme ve bu hataları anlamlı bir şekilde açıklayabilme durumlarını incelemektir. Durum çalışması yönteminin benimsendiği bu çalışma 10 ortaokul matematik öğretmeniyle yürütülmüştür. Veriler yedi soru içeren bilgi testiyle toplanmıştır. Bu testteki her bir soru için doğru ya da hatalı iki çözüm yapılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirilmelerde anlaşılmayan noktaları ortaya koyabilmek için her bir öğretmenle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan içerik analizi doğrudan alıntılarla desteklenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda öğretmenlerin çoğunun gerçekleştirilen çözümü değerlendirirken doğru-hatalı çözümü ayırt etmede zorlandıkları tespit edilmiştirThe purpose of the study was to investigate the middle-school mathematics teachers’ states of identification of possible error in various models and explanation of these error in a meaningful way. The study that employs the case study method was conducted with 10 middle-school mathematics teachers. Data was collected by the knowledge test including seven questions. The solutions that were prepared by using different models were presented to them as two different solution papers and see interviews. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the obtained data and it was supported by the direct quotations. At the end of the study, it was determined that most of the teachers struggled with the distinction of the correct or wrong solution when evaluating the presented solutions.63704

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SHIP EMISSION ESTIMATION METHODOLOGIES FOR ANNUAL EMISSION FOOTPRINT AND REDUCTION TECHNIQUES OF A BULK CARRIER

Ships have an indispensable role in trading and transportation. Due to the growth of population and the new demands of the growing economies, the need for shipping but also its harmful effects are increasing and emission problems will grow further in the future

Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis may be associated with high endothelin-1

Aim. We aimed to find out if there was any difference of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels between osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic healthy postmenopausal women and whether there were any associations between ET-1 and ADMA levels and bone mineral density (BMD)