436 research outputs found
Trust in World Politics: Converting "Identity" into a Source of Security through Trust-Learning
Cataloged from PDF version of article.In the discipline of international relations, the concept of trust has been theorised in two ways: the 'rationalist' approach and the 'normative' approach. This article aims to show that these approaches do not adequately reflect how trust operates in world politics and that trust provides a new way of understanding the identity-security nexus in international relations. It is argued that as actors learn to trust each other, this trust-learning process has a transformative effect on their definition of self-interests and identities. The elaborated understanding of trust in the security dilemma is operationalised in terms of the immigration security dilemma. © 2013 Australian Institute of International Affairs
Using Explainability for Constrained Matrix Factorization
Explainable Model Black Box (opaque) predictors such as Deep learning and Matrix Factorization are accurate, ... but lack interpretability and ability to give explanations. White Box models such as rules and decision trees are interpretable (explainable), ... but lack accuracy
Security through Trust-Building in the Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation: Two Perspectives for the Partnership
Cataloged from PDF version of article.Trust-building creates puzzles for analysts in relation to what kind of trust is built in world politics, between whom, and to what end. This article studies two types of trust in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership: rationalist trust which characterizes inter-state cooperation to protect order and cosmopolitan trust which reveals the emancipatory potential of political structures that aim to achieve more security for individuals. In this study, two types of trust will be illustrated in the Euro-Mediterranean cooperation by analyzing the link between security and trust. It is argued that while rationalist trust between states with 'security as order' rationality reconstructs the status quo in North African countries, cosmopolitan trust with 'security as emancipation' rationality toward North African individuals has the potential to transform these countries' political structures. © 2010 Taylor & Francis
We are not barbarians: Gender Politics and Turkey's Quest for the West
Cataloged from PDF version of article.Turkeyâs policy-makers have historically aimed to position Turkey within the West by convincing
the latter that Turkey meets the âstandardsâ of the West, that they âare not barbariansâ. This
article aims to offer a gender analysis of Turkeyâs relations with the West by showing how
âdevalorizationâ as feminization and hypermasculinization of the non-West becomes a source
of insecurity for non-Western policy-makers. This gendered ontological insecurity is intensified
when they face a military threat from a third party. The argument is that Turkeyâs policy-makers
try to benefit from military crises in order to represent Turkey as a state meeting Western
âstandardsâ of masculinity, and therefore to address its gendered âdevalorizationâ. The analysis
aims to contribute to the literatures of postcolonial feminism and non-Western insecurities
Turkey's 'New' Foreign Policy towards Eurasia
Cataloged from PDF version of article.Two geographers specializing in Turkeyâs international relations examine the
reframing of foreign policy issues under the countryâs Justice and Development Party (JDP;
also known by its Turkish acronym AKP), in power since 2002. After first locating the JDP
within Turkeyâs current political landscape, the authors investigate how notions of civilizational
geopolitics have led to a ânew geographic imaginationâ under JDP that has influenced
foreign policy thinking. The authors argue that JDP foreign policy exhibits some continuity
with that of earlier governments in terms of activist policies toward Central Eurasia (comprising
the Middle East, Central Asia, and Transcaucasia), but are based on a new conceptual
foundation that views Turkey not as part of Western civilization but as the emerging leader
of its own âcivilizational basinâ (consisting of the former Ottoman territories plus adjoining
regions inhabited by Muslim and Turkic peoples). They then explore the implications for
Turkeyâs future relations with the Central Eurasian region (of which Turkey is assumed to
be the leader) and countries of the West (viewed now as âneighborsâ but no longer âone of
usâ). Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F500, F530, O180. 4 tables,
63 references. Key words: Turkey, Eurasia, civilizational geopolitics, Justice and Development
Party, Central Asia, Middle East, Transcaucasia, foreign policy, oil pipelines, natural
gas pipelines
Towards a pedagogy for critical security studies: politics of migration in the classroom
International Relations (IR) has increasingly paid attention to critical pedagogy. Feminist, post-colonial and poststructuralist IR scholarship, in particular, have long been advancing the discussions about how to create a pluralist and democratic classroom where âthe othersâ of politics can be heard by the students, who can critically reflect upon complex power relations in global politics. Despite its normative position, Critical Security Studies (CSS) has so far refrained from joining this pedagogical conversation. Deriving from the literatures of postcolonial and feminist pedagogical practices, it is argued that an IR scholar in the area of CSS can contribute to the production of a critical political subject in the 'uncomfortable classroom', who reflects on violent practices of security. Three pedagogical methods will be introduced: engaging with the studentsâ life worlds, revealing the positionality of security knowledge claims, and opening up the class-room to the choices about how the youthâs agency can be performed beyond the classroom. The argument is illustrated through the case of forced migration with specific reference to IR and Politics studentsâ perceptions of Syrian refugees in Turkey. The article advances the discussions in critical IR pedagogy and encourages CSS scholarship to focus on teaching in accordance with its normative position
A Gender View of the Arab Uprisings
[No abstract available
Framing an EU Level Regularization Mechanism: Mission Impossible?
European Union Member States have so far tackled the problem of irregular migration in Europe by adopting common policies which aim to prevent irregular arrivals on the EU borders. In their EU-level policies, they have neglected regularization as an alternative EU-level policy addressing irregular migration. This represents a contrast to regularizations which are performed by many EU Member States. However, the EU Commission has gradually adopted a more positive stance about regularization. This article will discuss the principles of an EU-level regularization scheme through the analysis of the Commission's ideas on the issue. It will be argued that, rather than adopting a common policy, the flexible set of measures, which guide Member States in formulating regularization mechanism for protection/humanitarian reasons, can be formulated at the EU level. © 2013 IOM
Estimation of nasal cavity and conchae volumes by stereological method
Background: Studies evaluating the mean volumes of nasal cavity and concha
are very rare. Since there is little date on the mentioned topic, we aimed to
carry out the presented study to obtain a volumetric index showing the relation
between the nasal cavity and concha.
Material and methods: The volumes of the nasal cavity and concha were
measured in 30 males and 30 females (18–40 years old) on computed tomography
images using stereological methods.
Results: The mean volumes of nasal cavity, concha nasalis media, and concha
nasalis inferior were 5.95 ± 0.10 cm3, 0.56 ± 0.22 cm3, and 1.45 ± 0.68 cm3;
7.01 ± 0.18 cm3, 0.67 ± 0.31 cm3 and 1.59 ± 0.98 cm3 in females and males,
respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the volume of the
nasal cavity and concha nasalis media (p < 0.05) between males and females,
except for concha nasalis inferior (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Our results could provide volumetric indexes for the nasal cavity
and concha, which could help the physician to manage surgical procedures
related to the nasal cavity and concha
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