67 research outputs found
Heteroclinic structure of parametric resonance in the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation
We show that the nonlinear stage of modulational instability induced by
parametric driving in the {\em defocusing} nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation can
be accurately described by combining mode truncation and averaging methods,
valid in the strong driving regime. The resulting integrable oscillator reveals
a complex hidden heteroclinic structure of the instability. A remarkable
consequence, validated by the numerical integration of the original model, is
the existence of breather solutions separating different Fermi-Pasta-Ulam
recurrent regimes. Our theory also shows that optimal parametric amplification
unexpectedly occurs outside the bandwidth of the resonance (or Arnold tongues)
arising from the linearised Floquet analysis
The IDA-80 measurement evaluation programme on mass spectrometric isotope dilution analysis of uranium and plutonium. Vol.I: Design and results
One-loop approximation of Moller scattering in Krein-space quantization
It has been shown that the negative-norm states necessarily appear in a
covariant quantization of the free minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter
spacetime [1,2]. In this processes ultraviolet and infrared divergences have
been automatically eliminated [3]. A natural renormalization of the one-loop
interacting quantum field in Minkowski spacetime () has been
achieved through the consideration of the negative-norm states defined in Krein
space. It has been shown that the combination of quantum field theory in Krein
space together with consideration of quantum metric fluctuation, results in
quantum field theory without any divergences [4]. Pursuing this approach, we
express Wick's theorem and calculate M{\o}ller scattering in the one-loop
approximation in Krein space. The mathematical consequence of this method is
the disappearance of the ultraviolet divergence in the one-loop approximation.Comment: 10 page
A discrete nonetheless remarkable brick in de Sitter: the "massless minimally coupled field"
Over the last ten years interest in the physics of de Sitter spacetime has
been growing very fast. Besides the supposed existence of a "de sitterian
period" in inflation theories, the observational evidence of an acceleration of
the universe expansion (interpreted as a positive cosmological constant or a
"dark energy" or some form of "quintessence") has triggered a lot of attention
in the physics community. A specific de sitterian field called "massless
minimally coupled field" (mmc) plays a fundamental role in inflation models and
in the construction of the de sitterian gravitational field. A covariant
quantization of the mmc field, `a la Krein-Gupta-Bleuler was proposed in [1].
In this talk, we will review this construction and explain the relevance of
such a field in the construction of a massless spin 2 field in de Sitter
space-time.Comment: Proceedings of the XXVII Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in
Physics, Yerevan, August 200
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of low molecular weight heparin in active ulcerative colitis
Background: In several open and 1 controlled trial, unfractionated heparin was effective in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis (UC). Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) had a similar effect in several open studies.Methods: We studied the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of LMWH in mild to moderately active UC in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. In all, 29 patients with a mild or moderate recurrence of UC during salicylate treatment were randomized to receive either reviparin 3,436 IU (n = 15) subcutaneously twice daily or placebo (n = 14). The study period was 8 weeks. Treatment was discontinued if there was no improvement at 4 weeks or at any disease progression. Primary outcome measure was clinical improvement at 8 weeks measured by the Colitis Activity Index (CAI) and the Clinical Symptoms Grading (CSG, based on the CAI). Endoscopic and histologic grading and quality of life as measured by the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) were secondary outcome measures. Patients were closely monitored for adverse events.Results: Twenty of 29 patients finished the 8-week treatment period (reviparin versus placebo: 11 versus 9; P = 0.70). There was no difference in CSG, CAI, endoscopic and histologic grading, or IBDQ. Treatment was well tolerated and no serious adverse events occurred.Conclusion: In this study, treatment with LMWH showed no significant clinical advantage compared to placebo in mild to moderately active UC.(Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007)
The AS-76 interlaboratory experiment on the alpha spectrometric determination of Pu-238. Part III: Preparation and characterization of samples
On the Problem of Dynamical Localization in the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with a Random Potential
Cartographie géologique de détail de l'anticlinal des Mercureaux & modélisation tectonique cinématique du faisceau Bisontin : application au contournement de Besançon (Jura externe, est de la France)
National audienc
The use of the linear reservoir concept to quantify the impact of changes in land use on the hydrology of catchments in the Andes
International audienceThe high Andes region of South Ecuador (The Páramo) is characterised by a cold and wet climate. Most soils of the Páramo region are Andosols and Histosols, with a very high water retention capacity that is affected irreversibly by drying. This key property of Páramo soils buffers catchment outflow, resulting in an almost uniform outflow pattern which, notwithstanding the variability in rainfall, can be very variable in space and time. These soils serve as the most important reservoir of drinking and irrigation water for the densely populated inter-Andean depression region. The Páramo has long served only as an extensive grazing area but recent population pressure and land scarcity have increased cultivation. Two small Páramo catchments (about 2 km2) were monitored intensively for precipitation and discharge for over a year to assess the effect of such land-use changes on the hydrological properties. One catchment is in an undisturbed area and grazed intensively while in the other, local farmers started intensive drainage for cultivation of potatoes about five years ago. The linear reservoir concept has been used to assess the overall retention capacity of the catchments in terms of both peak response and base flow. In this model, every catchment is considered as a series of independent parallel reservoirs, each characterised by mean residence times (T). In every catchment, three major mean residence times can be distinguished. In the undisturbed catchment, an immediate response, characterised by a T of 5.4 hours, is followed by a slower response with a T of 44.3 h. The base flow has a mean T value of 360 h. The response of the cultivated catchment is similar with T values of 3.6 h, 27.2 h and 175 h, respectively. As a result, in the disturbed catchment, water release is about 40% faster than in the undisturbed catchment, so that the base flow falls rapidly to lower levels. The linear reservoir model is a simple way of quantifying the impact of land use changes on the water regulation capacity of Páramo catchments. Keywords: linear reservoir, Páramo, mountain hydrology, land use changes, Ecuado
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