Examination Of Teeth Eruption In The Support Area Of The Romanian Subjects

The aim of this study was to find out how many of the orthodontic patients had problems with the support area and if these could be identified and treated before any complications could occur; and also how the eruption process in the support area is influenced by these modifications. Materials and Methods: In this study, 62 patients, 34 girls (mean age: 10.03 years), and 28 boys (mean age: 9.67 years) were sampled from those who were prepared for treatment at the Orthodontic Department. Their panormaic radiographs were analyzed, especially the support area and the sequence of eruption of canine and bicuspids. Results: 56% of female and 43% of male subjects had an intact support area, while the rest showed modifications. 61% from patients with a good support area showed a normal sequence of eruption. However, when the second group was analyzed, 90% of them presented a modified sequence of eruption. In the first group in 84% of situations, even the second molar erupted normally, but, in the second group, 68% of the patients showed a modified sequence. Conclusion: Half of the investigated subjects showed some modifications in the support area. The number of male subjects with this situation is higher than that of the female subjects. When the support area develops normally, the sequence of eruption of permanent teeth is not modified, but, in those subjects who showed a changed support area, even the sequence of eruption was changed. In the same way, we can conclude about the sequence of eruption of the second molar: if the support area is normal, it will erupt after the second premolar; but if otherwise, some changes will occur in the process of eruption

Diabetes mellitus and necrotizing fasciitis – a deadly combination; case report

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly destructive affliction of soft tissues, with a mortality rate that may reach 73% of the cases. It is characterized by a progressive inflammation and extended necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and the fascia. Necrotizing fasciitis was first described in 1848, and later in 1920 Meleney identified 20 patients in China in which the infection was presumably triggered by hemolytic streptococcus, linking pathological bacteria to the condition. In 1952, Wilson coined the term necrotizing fasciitis although without successfully identifying the specific pathological bacteria involved. In most cases, both risk and aggravating factors are present, the main risk factors being diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, and immunosuppressant states. Location may vary, but most frequently the disease occurs in the limbs, the trunk, and the perineum. Treatment depends on the location and the time of diagnosis and may range from large incisions with extensive debridement to organ amputations such as those of the limbs or breasts. Treatment is complex and expensive, and besides surgery, includes the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, intensive therapy support, and long-term hospitalizations. The prognosis is guarded. The present case entails a 56-year old female patient who presented with many risk factors favoring the occurrence of necrotizing fasciitis, namely diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis (decompensated with ascites and portal encephalopathy phenomena), untreated hepatitis B infection, chronic renal failure with diabetic nephrotic syndrome, and obesity

DENTAL AGE ASSESSMENT USING DEMIRJIAN’S METHOD – A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY

Dental age estimation on panoramic X-rays is very useful for pediatric dentists and orthodontists in choosing a treatment plan, without the need for any additional radiographic investigation. The aim of this study was to compare chronological and dental age using Demirjian’s method on children from Central Romania. The study was conducted on X-rays of 285 children aged between 6-13 years. Dental age was determined based on the degree of mineralisation of the seven left mandibular teeth, and t-tests were used to assess the difference between dental age and chronological age within each age category. Dental age was more advanced in girls in almost all age groups, whereas in boys just the 6-7 and 8-9 age groups presented a more advanced dental age. The results of our study show that Demirjian’s method has some limitations for a Romanian population, and that these standards are applicable only in certain age groups. Further research is required on a larger sample

DENTAL AGE ASSESSMENT USING DEMIRJIAN’S METHOD – A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY

Dental age estimation on panoramic X-rays is very useful for pediatric dentists and orthodontists in choosing a treatment plan, without the need for any additional radiographic investigation. The aim of this study was to compare chronological and dental age using Demirjian’s method on children from Central Romania. The study was conducted on X-rays of 285 children aged between 6-13 years. Dental age was determined based on the degree of mineralisation of the seven left mandibular teeth, and t-tests were used to assess the difference between dental age and chronological age within each age category. Dental age was more advanced in girls in almost all age groups, whereas in boys just the 6-7 and 8-9 age groups presented a more advanced dental age. The results of our study show that Demirjian’s method has some limitations for a Romanian population, and that these standards are applicable only in certain age groups. Further research is required on a larger sample

A canalis mandibulae lefutásának vizsgálata különböző vertikális arctípusokban | Study of the canalis mandibulae morphology in different vertical facial types

Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A canalis mandibulae és a foramen mandibulae helyzetének pontos ismerete az alsó állcsonton végzett sebészeti és endodontiás beavatkozások esetén rendkívül fontos. Célkitűzés: Ezen anatómiai képletek helyzetének vizsgálata különböző vertikális arctípusokban. Módszer: 26 normodivergens, 26 hipodivergens és 28 hiperdivergens arctípussal rendelkező egyén panoráma-röntgenfelvételén (összesen 1360 mérés) mértük az interdentalis septumok, oldalsó fogak gyökércsúcsai, mandibulatest alapja, állkapocsszöglet és a canalis mandibularis közötti távolságot, a csatorna lefutását, illetve a foramen mandibulae és a felszálló szár elülső és hátsó széle közötti távolságokat. Eredmények: ANOVA- és t-teszt statisztikai elemzéssel rámutattunk arra, hogy a felszálló ág hátsó széléhez a foramen mandibulae távolabb helyezkedett el hipodivergens arctípusnál, a hiperdivergens arctípusnál a canalis mandibulae közelebb helyezkedett a gyökércsúcsokhoz, hipodivergens típusoknál pedig a mandibulatest alapjához. Normo- és hiperdivergens egyéneknél a csatorna lefutása meredekebb és lefutásában egyre inkább eltávolodik a mandibula alapjához húzott érintőtől. Következtetés: A canalis mandibulae lefutása, valamint a foramen mandibulae helyzete szignifikáns eltéréseket mutatott a különböző vertikális arctípusok esetében. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(46): 1841–1847. | Abstract: Introduction: The precise knowledge of the position of canalis mandibulae and foramen mandibulae is important for surgical and endodontic interventions on the mandible. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the position of these anatomical landmarks in different vertical facial types. Method: In the panorama radiograph of 26 normodivergent, 26 hypodivergent and 28 hyperdivergent arthritis (total of 1360 measurements) we measured the distance between the canalis mandibulae and interdental septums, the apex of the lateral teeth, the mandibular base, the goniac angle, and the steepness of the canal and the distance the foramen mandibulae to the anterior and posterior margin of the ramus. Results: ANOVA and t-test statistical analysis showed that the foramen mandibulae is farer from the posterior margin of the ramus in hipodivergent facial types, in hyperdivergent facial types the canalis mandibulae was closer to the root apex of posterior teeth and in hypodivergent types to the base of the mandible. In normal and\ud hyperdivergent individuals, the canalis mandibulae runs steeper and in the course of running it is increasingly distanced from the tangent to the base of the mandible. Conclusion: The position of the canalis mandibulae and the foramen mandibulae showed significant differences in the different vertical facial types. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(46): 1841–1847

Evaluation of medical decision errors during the transition period to telemedicine

The context of the Coronavirus pandemic has fundamentally changed the way we approach medical services. Beyond setting up new technological possibilities, it has propelled telemedicine to become a reality, bringing undeniable practical benefits. The questions that arise are both justified and worrying: can digitalization replace a direct interpersonal relationship that involves a physical examination, while preserving the quality of the medical act and the degree of patient satisfaction? Isn\u27t there a risk that the digitization of the medical record will cancel out the deep human character of classical medicine that has evolved since the time of Hippocrates? Should the implementation of telemedicine be the state-of-art of modern medicine, in accordance with the co-evolution of digital technology? It is hard to believe that once used in this period, telemedicine will be abandoned. However, telemedicine must be analyzed not only in the short term but also in the long term, in order to be able to evaluate both its usefulness and possible deficiencies

Postpartum depression; associated factors and underdiagnosis

Post-partum depression is one of the most severe types of depression and can be developed at any age, no matter of cultural of social status. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with the psychological impact of pregnancy and to emphasize the psychological and psychiatric risks after giving birth for a woman. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 35 patients diagnosed with postpartum depression that have been hospitalized in a tertiary-care center for psychiatric disorders between 2016 and 2020. Data were collected from patients’ observation charts. Results. The incidence of postpartum depression is higher in the age range 30-45 years old for primiparous women who are from urban areas, unemployed and not integrated in a family (unbalanced families or single parents), with medium level of education (high school) and alcohol addiction. One of 35 patients committed infanticide. Conclusions. Even if the postpartum depression is known worldwide it is still underdiagnosed, with certain factors concurring to that. Postpartum depression requires the identification of risk conditions in pregnant women and individualized therapy in a patient-centered, holistic manner

The effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; a narrative review

Worldwide, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a significant public health concern, especially since more than fifty percent of people with type 2 diabetes are affected by it. This pathological condition includes all states of fatty liver disease, from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to steatohepatitis (NASH). Prolonged evolutions can lead to cirrhosis and cancer, so treatment must be started early. Hepatic steatosis may be improved by sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors), which prevent glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule and increase urinary excretion, thus lowering plasma glucose levels. Experimental studies in animal models have suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors may have beneficial modulatory effects on NAFLD and NASH, while numerous clinical trials have demonstrated their favorable effects on the liver enzymes, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and insulin resistance in NAFLD patients. This review highlights the state of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis and pathogenetic pathways of MAFLD, focusing primarily on the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors as a promising drug class in the treatment of NAFLD

Diabetes mellitus and necrotizing fasciitis – a deadly combination; case report

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly destructive affliction of soft tissues, with a mortality rate that may reach 73% of the cases. It is characterized by a progressive inflammation and extended necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and the fascia. Necrotizing fasciitis was first described in 1848, and later in 1920 Meleney identified 20 patients in China in which the infection was presumably triggered by hemolytic streptococcus, linking pathological bacteria to the condition. In 1952, Wilson coined the term necrotizing fasciitis although without successfully identifying the specific pathological bacteria involved. In most cases, both risk and aggravating factors are present, the main risk factors being diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, and immunosuppressant states. Location may vary, but most frequently the disease occurs in the limbs, the trunk, and the perineum. Treatment depends on the location and the time of diagnosis and may range from large incisions with extensive debridement to organ amputations such as those of the limbs or breasts. Treatment is complex and expensive, and besides surgery, includes the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, intensive therapy support, and long-term hospitalizations. The prognosis is guarded. The present case entails a 56-year old female patient who presented with many risk factors favoring the occurrence of necrotizing fasciitis, namely diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis (decompensated with ascites and portal encephalopathy phenomena), untreated hepatitis B infection, chronic renal failure with diabetic nephrotic syndrome, and obesity