Endothermic reaction for Veerya analysis of Patranga (Caesalpinia sappan linn.) - An Experimental Study

Background: Patranga (Caesalpinia Sappan Linn.) is having Kashaya, Tikta, Madhura Rasa, Ruksha Guna, SheetaVeerya, Katu Vipaka, Kapha Pitta Shamaka. Kaiyadeva Nighantu mentions it under Chandanadi Varga and is useful in diseases like Vrana (wound) and Daha (burning sensation). Among Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka, Karma- Veerya is important factor in deciding therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Veerya means the potency of a Dravya which enables the Dravya to show its action. It is considered as the active principle of a Dravya. If the potency of the drug is less, it results in poor therapeutic action. So Veerya of the drug plays important role in Ayurvedic treatment principles. Objective: To analyze the Veerya of the drug by endothermic reactions. Materials and Methods: An experimental trial is done to decide the Veerya of Patranga (Caesalpinia Sappan Linn.) by using endothermic Veerya analysis method. Result: Patranga (Caesalpinia Sappan Linn.) being Sheeta Veerya Dravya shown endothermic reaction when mixed in water. Conclusion: Endothermic chemical reactions occur which reduce temperature. The theory behind decrease in the temperature can be stated due to Sheeta Veeryata of the Dravya

DIRECTORY BASED CACHE COHERENCY, ORGANIZATION, OPERATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION - STUDY

Todays systems are designed with Multi Core Architecture. The idea behind this is to achieve high system throuput. Once the Processor clock speed reached its saturation, designers opted for having multiple cores. Each Core or Processor equipped with their own private cache memory. But under Chip Multiprocessor, where all the processor have access to shared memory, having respective cache memory will result with Cache Coherency Problem. In Directory Protocol, for each block of data there is a directory entry that contains a number of pointers. The purpose of this number is to mention the locations of block copies. The important advantage of directory based protocols is that they scale much better than snoopy protocols. In addition to this it has the advantage of ability to exploit arbitrary point-to-point interconnects. But mean time it also has the overhead in terms of the storage and manipulation of directory state. This paper discus different Directory Based implementation, operations along with and its implementation difficulties

COVID-19 Vaccination: Public Health Lessons from a Large Indoor Gathering

COVID-19 transmission rates among vaccinated persons attending large gatherings have not been reported widely. This research was intended to track the potential incidence of COVID-19 among physicians and their families who attended a large in-person gathering in Atlanta in August 2021. After the successful conclusion of a large-scale indoor gathering, we encouraged all attendees to self-report the incidence of COVID-19 illness. In addition, an online questionnaire was disseminated to collect basic information about age, gender, place of residence, vaccination status including the number of doses, type, and date of each dose as well as behavioral and convention factors that would have contributed to the infection rates. Information about current COVID-19 infection status, symptoms, and severity were also collected. We also contacted the attendees through telephone to gather pending information about their COVID-19 status, after attending the meeting. Most attendees were physicians, employees in the healthcare industry or family members of healthcare professionals. Among the 520 participants of the meeting, no COVID-19 illness was reported up to six weeks after attending the convention. As a sub-group analysis, we obtained demographic data from 143 attendees, through an online survey. Among the survey respondents, 43% were over the age of 60 years, 10% over the age of 70 years, 29% and 14% each between 31-45 years and 12-30 years. 53% were women. Almost 99% had received both doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in January and February of 2021. Public health measures including the use of indoor masks, social distancing, and personal hygiene were followed by 76%. None of the convention attendees who responded had any symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19 infection six weeks after leaving the convention. None reported being diagnosed with COVID-19 for at least 30 days before attending the convention. This report confirms the efficacy of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against protection from COVID-19 illness among participants of large scale indoor gatherings. Our findings support the notion that large-scale events can be successfully conducted among fully vaccinated persons who follow public health guidelines

Impact of carotenoids on gut microbiome: Implications in human health and disease

Carotenoids are the colored compounds that prominently occur in fruits, vegetables, flowers, algae, fungi, yeast, and marine organisms. The coloration of carotenoids is mainly due to varieties of conjugated double bonds, which act as a light-absorbing chromophores. β-Carotene, α-Carotene, Lycopene, Astaxanthin, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, β-Cryptoxanthin, α-Cryptoxanthin, γ-Carotene and Fucoxanthin are the common carotenoids of the human diet. This review aimed at providing scientific evidence supporting the benefits of nutritional carotenoid intake on gut microbiota modulation in different disease models. Carotenoids have some beneficial effects on human health, and it is due to the activity of pro-vitamin A and antioxidant function. Although mechanisms are under investigation, studies suggest that carotenoid intake may reduce the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, eye disease, haematological disease, immune stimulants, and improve cognitive function. Recent studies have shown that carotenoids can modulate gut microbiota composition associated with host health. The human gut harbors a complex community of over 100 trillion microbial cells, influencing human physiology, metabolism, nutrition, and immune function. The combination of extrinsic (lifestyle and medication) and intrinsic (host genetics, immune and metabolic regulations) factors shapes the gut microbiota. Diet is a crucial modifiable factor influencing gut microbiota composition, indicating the potential for therapeutic dietary strategies to manipulate microbial diversity, design, and stability

Growth, Characterization and Molecular Hyperpolarizabilities of Novel Nonlinear Optical Chalcone Crystals

Abstract: A chalcone derivative, 1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (BTDMP), has been synthesized and grown as a high-quality single crystal by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The compound was characterized by FT-IR and NMR studies. The crystal has been subjected to single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies and cell parameters of the crystal were determined. The title compound crystallizes in monoclinic system with a centrosymmetric space group P21/c, with unit cell parameters a= 11.6473(6) Å, b= 8.5651(5) Å, c= 14.4829(8) Å, α= 90 ο , β= 99.85

High-Performance Computing for SKA Transient Search: Use of FPGA based Accelerators -- a brief review

This paper presents the High-Performance computing efforts with FPGA for the accelerated pulsar/transient search for the SKA. Case studies are presented from within SKA and pathfinder telescopes highlighting future opportunities. It reviews the scenario that has shifted from offline processing of the radio telescope data to digitizing several hundreds/thousands of antenna outputs over huge bandwidths, forming several 100s of beams, and processing the data in the SKA real-time pulsar search pipelines. A brief account of the different architectures of the accelerators, primarily the new generation Field Programmable Gate Array-based accelerators, showing their critical roles to achieve high-performance computing and in handling the enormous data volume problems of the SKA is presented here. It also presents the power-performance efficiency of this emerging technology and presents potential future scenarios.Comment: Accepted for JoAA, SKA Special issue on SKA (2022

Lagrangian Averaging, Nonlinear Waves, and Shock Regularization

In this thesis, we explore various models for the flow of a compressible fluid as well as model equations for shock formation, one of the main features of compressible fluid flows. We begin by reviewing the variational structure of compressible fluid mechanics. We derive the barotropic compressible Euler equations from a variational principle in both material and spatial frames. Writing the resulting equations of motion requires certain Lie-algebraic calculations that we carry out in detail for expository purposes. Next, we extend the derivation of the Lagrangian averaged Euler (LAE-alpha) equations to the case of barotropic compressible flows. The derivation in this thesis involves averaging over a tube of trajectories centered around a given Lagrangian flow. With this tube framework, the LAE-alpha equations are derived by following a simple procedure: start with a given action, expand via Taylor series in terms of small-scale fluid fluctuations, truncate, average, and then model those terms that are nonlinear functions of the fluctuations. We then analyze a one-dimensional subcase of the general models derived above. We prove the existence of a large family of traveling wave solutions. Computing the dispersion relation for this model, we find it is nonlinear, implying that the equation is dispersive. We carry out numerical experiments that show that the model possesses smooth, bounded solutions that display interesting pattern formation. Finally, we examine a Hamiltonian partial differential equation (PDE) that regularizes the inviscid Burgers equation without the addition of standard viscosity. Here alpha is a small parameter that controls a nonlinear smoothing term that we have added to the inviscid Burgers equation. We show the existence of a large family of traveling front solutions. We analyze the initial-value problem and prove well-posedness for a certain class of initial data. We prove that in the zero-alpha limit, without any standard viscosity, solutions of the PDE converge strongly to weak solutions of the inviscid Burgers equation. We provide numerical evidence that this limit satisfies an entropy inequality for the inviscid Burgers equation. We demonstrate a Hamiltonian structure for the PDE.</p

Use of coal combustion by-products (CCBs) and waste foundry sands in flowable fill

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the use of waste foundry sand in flowable fill. However, the concepts developed are applicable to flowable fills containing any type of sand. Even though the flowable fill is presently popular as a trenchfilling material, this study addresses a much broader perspective in order to be able to develop uses of this material in geotechnical applications. Since sand is the major component of flowable fill, replacing sand with a waste material may be beneficial from an economical as well as an environmental point of view. One such waste material produced in large quantities is waste foundry sand, which is a by-product of metal casting industries where sand is used for making molds and cores. Green sands from ferrous foundries in which clay and water are used as binder materials, are mostly non-hazardous. In this research, only green sands were taken. The fly ash used was class F type. Flowability, hardening characteristics and 28-day unconfined compressive strength are the important aspects to be considered in the design of any flowable fill. Flow curves representing fly ash content vs water-solid ratio were developed. The flow curves help explain the mechanics of flow, and also help in choosing the proportions for an ideal mix, which produces a denser, less porous material with minimal amounts of cement. The 28-day unconfined compressive strength was correlated with the water-cement ratio. A simple mix design procedure was developed based on flowability and strength criteria. The long-term strength beyond 28 days was also studied. The hardening behavior was evaluated by a mortar penetrometer. The penetration resistance was correlated with the unconfined compressive strength estimated by a soil pocket penetrometer. The penetration resistance necessary to ensure walkability on flowable fill was estimated to be 450 kPa(65 psi). The time required to achieve this penetration resistance is defined as walkable time , and this can be used to compare the hardening behavior of different mixes. The pore structure of hardened flowable fill was studied using mercury intrusion porosimetry technique. The permeability characteristics were studied using constant head permeability testing. One of the objectives of the research was to compare the behavior of this material with that of soil. Consolidated drained and undrained triaxial tests were conducted which led to a better understanding of the stress-strain-strength behavior. The environmental aspect was studied by a bioassay toxicity test. The pH of pore solution offer 28 days was also studied. An accelerated strength test was developed using a hot water bath technique to predict the 28-day unconfined compressive strength

Accelerating the Race to Autonomous Cars – A Case Study

Background/Purpose: Every automaker is racing to generate self-driving innovations and some slew of fantastic tech firms and start-ups doing the same. The vehicle industry has a long history of implementing cutting-edge technologies to bring efficient, creative, and reliable vehicles to market, all while working to reduce production costs. Such innovations involve machine learning and computational intelligence, which are essential to automobiles progress. Machine learning (AI) technologies have made the innovative concept of self-driving vehicles an actuality. Today, global automotive rulers such as BMW, Volvo, and Tesla use intelligent automation to enhance production, raise production efficiency, and actually drive secure, extra relaxed, expanding, and increasingly enjoyable.&nbsp;This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Companies in the development of Autonomous vehicles and used ABCD analysis to examine the key parameters. Objective:&nbsp; Analyses the technology and business strategies of the companies in the Race of Autonomous cars. Design/Methodology/Approach: The information for this case study were gathered from various scholarly articles and websites. Findings/Result: The technological details of Artificial Intelligence, Self-driving car companies, laws and restrictions of different companies for using Self-driving vehicles, Autopilot driving features, sales volume and financial expansion, Impact of COIVID-19 on Autonomous vehicles business are studied. The impacts of COVID-19 on the autonomous car business are analysed using the ABCD framework. Originality/Value: The result provides a brief overview of different self-driving vehicle companies and self-driving technology building companies in the competitive race. Paper type: A Research Case study paper - focuses on companies in a race of producing Autonomous vehicles and the growth of those companies

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Samsung – A Case Study

The global quest for issues with Artificial Intelligence (AI) is in a crisis point and the rewards are great. AI tech is expected to rapidly become a lifestyle for many consumers by everyday interactions with a digital assistant or personalized IT offering solutions based on a client's visual, tactile, or emotional signals. Samsung has been in a fantastic position to turn the future of connected AI technology into reality, from various electronic devices to 5G hardware to strong chipsets, based on roughly half the billion products sold by the company per year. Samsung works with a vision that says "By dedicating our technologies and expertise to support a broader international world, we create superior services and goods." Looking to be a global leader that evolves alongside people and local communities. Samsung It is the largest multinational corporation in South Korea, and is made up of various firms, several of which are named after Samsung. Lee Byung-Chul founded Samsung as a commercial enterprise in 1938. The company expanded into food processing, apparel, insurance, shares and delivery sectors over the next 30 years. In the 1960s and the mid-1970s Samsung enters the electronics and construction industries; those industries would result in further growth. Within this paper, highlight their technological histories and list Samsung's implementations, financial plans, market challenges and products. We tried examining about various fields where artificial intelligence is used, such as Bixby to facilitate smartphone connectivity with the Galaxy S8 Samsung smartphone, in the 8 K TV system we used a machine learning technique to improve image quality, walking robot's vertical approach allowed Saram to navigate and cross many surfaces