Evaluation of Different Varieties of Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) for Growth and Yield Parameters

Brinjal, (Solanum melongena) is also known as eggplant or aubergine is an important vegetable crop cultivated worldwide belonging to the family Solanaceae. Brinjal is a diploid with chromosome number 2n=24=2x. Centre of origin for Brinjal is India. Brinjal has a great genetic variability so the importance of selecting brinjal varieties and genotypes that are well suited to local geographical conditions to maximize the growth and yield. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of previous research findings concerning about the evaluation of different brinjal varieties and genotypes concerning their growth, yield potential and morphological characteristics. The main objective of this review is to understand the importance of selecting the most suitable varieties and genotypes to improve the production and quality and to estimate the key parameters, including plant height, leaf and flower characteristics, fruit weight, shape, size and yiel

Morpho-biochemical characterization and heterosis studies in interspecific derived F1 hybrids of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

The present experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2021, 2022 and 2023 at vegetable research farm, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] cv. Pusa Sawani, crossed with 3 wild accessions, viz. A. manihot var. tetraphyllus (IC 90476-1); IC-141055 and IC- 141040 of A. moschatus. A total of 27 morphological and 9 biochemical parameters were characterized for parental species and their derived F1 hybrids. Results showed that the hybrids possessed superior and beneficial traits than the parents and had a greater alliance with their wild parent. The mean performance of the quantitative characters and heterosis of the three interspecific derived F1s differed significantly from parents. Almost all biochemical parameters value, except moisture were found high in wild accessions followed by interspecific derived F1 hybrid and lowest in cultivated variety Pusa Sawani. Per cent disease incidence for yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) and enation leaf curl virus (ELCV) was 92 and 32, respectively in Pusa Sawani. However, both the wild accessions of A. moschatus namely (IC-141055) and (IC-141040) and their interspecific hybrids recorded no incidence of both the disease

Phylogeography of mtDNA haplogroup R7 in the Indian peninsula.

BACKGROUND: Human genetic diversity observed in Indian subcontinent is second only to that of Africa. This implies an early settlement and demographic growth soon after the first 'Out-of-Africa' dispersal of anatomically modern humans in Late Pleistocene. In contrast to this perspective, linguistic diversity in India has been thought to derive from more recent population movements and episodes of contact. With the exception of Dravidian, which origin and relatedness to other language phyla is obscure, all the language families in India can be linked to language families spoken in different regions of Eurasia. Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome evidence has supported largely local evolution of the genetic lineages of the majority of Dravidian and Indo-European speaking populations, but there is no consensus yet on the question of whether the Munda (Austro-Asiatic) speaking populations originated in India or derive from a relatively recent migration from further East. RESULTS: Here, we report the analysis of 35 novel complete mtDNA sequences from India which refine the structure of Indian-specific varieties of haplogroup R. Detailed analysis of haplogroup R7, coupled with a survey of approximately 12,000 mtDNAs from caste and tribal groups over the entire Indian subcontinent, reveals that one of its more recently derived branches (R7a1), is particularly frequent among Munda-speaking tribal groups. This branch is nested within diverse R7 lineages found among Dravidian and Indo-European speakers of India. We have inferred from this that a subset of Munda-speaking groups have acquired R7 relatively recently. Furthermore, we find that the distribution of R7a1 within the Munda-speakers is largely restricted to one of the sub-branches (Kherwari) of northern Munda languages. This evidence does not support the hypothesis that the Austro-Asiatic speakers are the primary source of the R7 variation. Statistical analyses suggest a significant correlation between genetic variation and geography, rather than between genes and languages. CONCLUSION: Our high-resolution phylogeographic study, involving diverse linguistic groups in India, suggests that the high frequency of mtDNA haplogroup R7 among Munda speaking populations of India can be explained best by gene flow from linguistically different populations of Indian subcontinent. The conclusion is based on the observation that among Indo-Europeans, and particularly in Dravidians, the haplogroup is, despite its lower frequency, phylogenetically more divergent, while among the Munda speakers only one sub-clade of R7, i.e. R7a1, can be observed. It is noteworthy that though R7 is autochthonous to India, and arises from the root of hg R, its distribution and phylogeography in India is not uniform. This suggests the more ancient establishment of an autochthonous matrilineal genetic structure, and that isolation in the Pleistocene, lineage loss through drift, and endogamy of prehistoric and historic groups have greatly inhibited genetic homogenization and geographical uniformity.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

PDIP: Priority Directed Instruction Prefetching

<p>This artifact is to evaulate PDIP: Priority Directed Instruction Prefetching work. This artifact provides pre-compiled binary of gem5 and checkpoints of all front-end heavy workloads used in PDIP. </p&gt

Genotype-phenotype correlations of dyshormonogenetic goiter in children and adolescents from South India

Background: Dyshormonogenetic goiter is one of the most common causes of hypothyroidism in children and adolescents in iodine nonendemic areas. The exact genotype-phenotypic correlations (GPCs) and risk categorization of hypothyroid phenotypes of dyshormonogenetic mutations are largely speculative. The genetic studies in pediatric dyshormonogenesis are very sparse from Indian sub-continent. In this context, we analyzed the implications of TPO, NIS, and DUOX2 gene mutations in hypothyroid children with dyshormonogenetic hypothyroidism (DH) from South India. Materials and Methods: This is interdisciplinary prospective study, we employed eight sets of primers and screened for 142 known single nucleotide polymorphisms in TPO, NIS, and DUOX2 genes. The subjects were children and adolescents with hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenetic goiter. Congenital hypothyroidism, iodine deficiency, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis cases were excluded. Results: We detected nine mutations in 8/22 (36%) children. All the mutations were observed in the intronic regions of NIS gene and none in TPO or DUOX2 genes. Except for bi-allelic, synonymous polymorphism of TPO gene in child number 14, all other mutations were heterozygous in nature. GPCs show that our mutations significantly expressed the phenotypic traits such as overt hypothyroidism, goiter, and existence of family history. Other phenotypic characters such as sex predilection, the age of onset and transitory nature of hypothyroidism were not significantly affected by these mutations. Conclusion: NIS gene mutations alone appears to be most prevalent mutations in DH among South Indian children and these mutations significantly influenced phenotypic expressions such as severity of hypothyroidism, goiter rates, and familial clustering

Vertebral osteomyelitis

Vertebral osteomyelitis is a rare infection that usually affects an intervertebral disc and adjacent two vertebrae, leading to the narrowing of the space between the two vertebrae. The infection can be acute or chronic, depending on the severity of the onset of the disease. We report the case of a 37-year-old male who presented with complaints of backache, evening rise of temperature and night sweats. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed altered signal intensity in D10 to L2, with prevertebral and paravertebral soft-tissue components. Histopathological examination of image-guided biopsy specimens from this lesion showed features of the chronic non-specific inflammatory process. Culture from the sample revealed growth of Pseudomonas sp. The patient was started on intravenous ceftazidime as per sensitivity pattern which was administered for 6 Wk. The patient improved symptomatically and repeat MRI showed significant resolution of the lesions