Estimation of Vehicular Velocity based on Non-Intrusive stereo camera

The paper presents a modular approach for the estimation of a leading vehicle's velocity based on a non-intrusive stereo camera where SiamMask is used for leading vehicle tracking, Kernel Density estimate (KDE) is used to smooth the distance prediction from a disparity map, and LightGBM is used for leading vehicle velocity estimation. Our approach yields an RMSE of 0.416 which outperforms the baseline RMSE of 0.582 for the SUBARU Image Recognition ChallengeComment: 5 pages, 4 images, 1 tabl

Aseptic measures during peripheral intravenous (PIV) therapy in health care settings

The aim of this thesis work was to identify the best aseptic procedures for the peripheral intravenous therapy in health care settings. The overall goal was to successfully describe aseptic measures to be taken for preparation, administration and management of intravenous therapy. This thesis was conducted by the Seinajoki University of Applied Sciences (SeAMK) in collaboration with Maseno University, Kenya. The method of collecting data and analysis were achieved using review of literature and inductive analysis of searched materials. For this, we took the articles from the reliable databases (CINHAL, SeAMK FINNA) as well as renounceable health care guidelines from a ‘Google’ search engine. The information was extracted using different key words like intravenous therapy, Asepsis AND IV therapy, Infection control AND IV therapy, Peripheral IV therapy AND Asepsis and Peripheral IV therapy AND Infection control. For review and analysis 8 articles were chosen. Data analysis method of our research was based on the inductive content analysis method. The material under the main category was listed in three generic categories ‘Preparation’, ‘Administration’, and ‘Management’. Which is further sub -categorized into different topics of findings. The ten different themes for findings identified were hand hygiene, environment, skin preparation, personal protective equipment (PPE), non-touch technique, insertion of PIV catheter, catheter site dressing, documentation, education and replacement of peripheral catheter. Our findings suggested that, all health care professionals who participate in IV therapy must provide care based on the best evidence and best practices available. Also, the knowledge and abilities in safe and effective practice must be maintained throughout the work life of each individual practitioner and so every practitioner must adhere to robust IV practice standards and adhere to manual hygiene, aseptic techniques and it’s uses

Taxonomic notes on Cyperaceae of Nepal: new records of a genus, six species and other noteworthy species

This paper reports on the presence of one generic and six specific new records of Cyperaceous species for the flora of Nepal. Amongst the new discoveries are the genus Machaerina, alongside species: Eleocharis ochrostachys, Fimbristylis acuminata, F. ferruginea, F. nutans, F. thomsonii and Scleria rugosa. The taxonomy and distribution of Actinoscirpus grossus, Fimbristylis salbundia and Fuirena umbellata in Nepal are clarified through notes on nomenclature, description, distribution, specimen examination, identification keys and photographs

Importance of Community Forestry Funds for Rural Development in Nepal

Nepal’s Community Forestry (CF) process has implied the devolution of powers to collect, retain, and redistribute forest revenue from community forests products. This study contributes to our knowledge about these important aspects of CF by presenting an analysis of the dynamic pattern of income and expenditure of 43 randomly selected Community Forestry User Groups (CFUGs) from Kaski, Nepal. Results show that CFUG three-year average annual income accounts NRs 216,225 (1 US$ = NRs.114) and is highly skewed towards a few wells off CFUGs; the high-and-low average annual income of one-third of CFUGs in the sample ranges from NRs. 33,116 to NRs 502,363. Timber income and user’s contribution constitute the most important sources of income, comprising 40% and 25% respectively. The rural development investments of CFUG income are also highly variable and are shaped by income size of CF, and the other socio-political factors such as the number of households, distance to market, infrastructure status, and contextual factors. Overall, 44% of the CFUG income is invested in community development and 37% in forest conservation. Investment in community development increases with rising income. Accordingly, results presented here provide insights to promote community forests to generate more income which, indeed, could be a vehicle for community development as it appears in the mid-hills of Nepal

Vitamin D supplementation leading to hypervitaminosis D in a breastfed infant: A case report

Key Clinical Message Breast milk alone is a poor and inadequate source of vitamin D. Many guidelines suggest supplementation of vitamin D to the newborns to prevent vitamin D deficiency. However, due to practices of outdoor breastfeeding and sunbathing, vitamin D supplementation may not be routinely required in our settings. Overzealous use of vitamin D supplementation and over‐the‐counter prescription may result in hypervitaminosis D

Contiguous diastematomyelia with tethered cord, intradural extramedullary dermoid tumor, and lipomyelomeningocele: A unique case of spinal dysraphism

Key Clinical Message Diastematomyelia, tethered cord, intradural extramedullary dermoid tumor and lipomyelomeningocele such disease entities themselves are rare in their own form and concurrent presentation of all those pathological states in a single individual can be considered one of the rarest forms of spinal dysraphism globally. Moreover for prompt management with optimal prognosis needs refined neurosurgical intervention guided by intraoperative neuromonitoring so as to bring about the best quality of life in the patient

Strenuous Exercise-Induced Tremendously Elevated Transaminases Levels in a Healthy Adult: A Diagnostic Dilemma

The liver function test (LFT) is a commonly performed test in clinical practice in order to assess well-being of the liver; however, derangement in liver enzymes, however, may not necessarily imply an underlying liver pathology. The standard liver function test measures alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin levels (total, direct, and indirect), proteins (total protein and albumin), and PT-INR (prothrombin time and international normalized ratio). In addition to common causes, liver enzyme levels can also be elevated due to extrahepatic causes, such as muscular injury can elevate transaminases levels. Here in, we present a case of an asymptomatic healthy male who was doing vigorous exercise and presented with reports of elevated transaminase levels. During evaluation of the case, most of his reports came to be within normal range. Additionally, when reevaluated after discontinuation of vigorous exercise, 3 weeks later and then a month later, his liver enzyme levels were observed to be within normal range. Hence, we suspect that muscle damage-induced transaminitis might not have been considered in the differential diagnosis during the evaluation of a patient with raised transaminases levels and also suggest that it should be kept as a differential in the given scenario

Surgical outcomes of gallbladder cancer: the OMEGA retrospective, multicentre, international cohort study

Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is rare but aggressive. The extent of surgical intervention for different GBC stages is non-uniform, ranging from cholecystectomy alone to extended resections including major hepatectomy, resection of adjacent organs and routine extrahepatic bile duct resection (EBDR). Robust evidence here is lacking, however, and survival benefit poorly defined. This study assesses factors associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS) and morbidity and mortality following GBC surgery in high income countries (HIC) and low and middle income countries (LMIC).Methods The multicentre, retrospective Operative Management of Gallbladder Cancer (OMEGA) cohort study included all patients who underwent GBC resection across 133 centres between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2020. Regression analyses assessed factors associated with OS, RFS and morbidity.Findings On multivariable analysis of all 3676 patients, wedge resection and segment IVb/V resection failed to improve RFS (HR 1.04 [0.84-1.29], p = 0.711 and HR 1.18 [0.95-1.46], p = 0.13 respectively) or OS (HR 0.96 [0.79-1.17], p = 0.67 and HR 1.48 [1.16-1.88], p = 0.49 respectively), while major hepatectomy was associated with worse RFS (HR 1.33 [1.02-1.74], p = 0.037) and OS (HR 1.26 [1.03-1.53], p = 0.022). Furthermore, EBDR (OR 2.86 [2.3-3.52], p < 0.0010), resection of additional organs (OR 2.22 [1.62-3.02], p < 0.0010) and major hepatectomy (OR 3.81 [2.55-5.73], p < 0.0010) were all associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Compared to LMIC, patients in HIC were associated with poorer RFS (HR 1.18 [1.02-1.37], p = 0.031) but not OS (HR 1.05 [0.91-1.22], p = 0.48). Adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments were infrequently used.Interpretation In this large, multicentre analysis of GBC surgical outcomes, liver resection was not conclusively associated with improved survival, and extended resections were associated with greater morbidity and mortality without oncological benefit. Aggressive upfront resections do not benefit higher stage GBC, and international col-laborations are needed to develop evidence-based neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies to minimise surgical morbidity and prioritise prognostic benefit.Funding Cambridge Hepatopancreatobiliary Department Research Fund.Copyright & COPY; 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)