Design of supersonic Coanda jet nozzles

The thrust vectoring of supersonic Coanda jets was improved by designing a nozzle to skew the initial jet velocity profile. A new nozzle design procedure, based on the method of characteristics, was developed to design a nozzle which produces a specified exit velocity profile. The thrust vectoring of a simple convergent nozzle, a convergent-divergent nozzle, and a nozzle which produces a skewed velocity profile matched to the curvature of the Coanda surface were expermentially compared over a range of pressure ratios from 1.5 to 3.5. Elimination of the expansion shocks with the C-D nozzle is shown to greatly improve the thrust vectoring; elimination of turning shocks with the skewed profile nozzle further improves the vectoring

Displacement Echoes: Classical Decay and Quantum Freeze

Motivated by neutron scattering experiments, we investigate the decay of the fidelity with which a wave packet is reconstructed by a perfect time-reversal operation performed after a phase space displacement. In the semiclassical limit, we show that the decay rate is generically given by the Lyapunov exponent of the classical dynamics. For small displacements, we additionally show that, following a short-time Lyapunov decay, the decay freezes well above the ergodic value because of quantum effects. Our analytical results are corroborated by numerical simulations

Kidney-Derived c-Kit(+) Cells Possess Regenerative Potential

Kidney-derived c-Kit(+) cells exhibit progenitor/stem cell properties in vitro (self-renewal capacity, clonogenicity, and multipotentiality). These cells can regenerate epithelial tubular cells following ischemia-reperfusion injury and accelerate foot processes effacement reversal in a model of acute proteinuria in rats. Several mechanisms are involved in kidney regeneration by kidney-derived c-Kit(+ )cells, including cell engraftment and differentiation into renal-like structures, such as tubules, vessels, and podocytes. Moreover, paracrine mechanisms could also account for kidney regeneration, either by stimulating proliferation of surviving cells or modulating autophagy and podocyte cytoskeleton rearrangement through mTOR-Raptor and -Rictor signaling, which ultimately lead to morphological and functional improvement. To gain insights into the functional properties of c-Kit(+) cells during kidney development, homeostasis, and disease, studies on lineage tracing using transgenic mice will unveil their fate. The results obtained from these studies will set the basis for establishing further investigation on the therapeutic potential of c-Kit(+) cells for treatment of kidney disease in preclinical and clinical studies.Conselho Nacional em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD)Univ Sao Paulo, Renal Div, Lab Cellular Genet & Mol Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Inst, Miami, FL USAUniv Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Pharmacol, Miami, FL USAUniv Miami, Div Cardiol, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL USAHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Inst Israelita Ensino & Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Albert Einstein Ave,627-701 Bldg A, BR-05652900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Div Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Div Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 456959/2013-0FAPESP: 13/19560-6Web of Scienc

Interação do parasitoide Melittobia australica Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) com a vespa solitária Sceliphron asiaticum Linneaus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) no Brasil.

Autoria: QUERINO [i.e. SILVA], R. B. Q. da. RANYSE BARBOSA QUERINO DA SILV

Pharmacological Findings on the Biochemical Bases of Memory Processes: A General View

We have advanced considerably in the past 2 to 3 years in understanding the molecular mechanisms of consolidation, retrieval, and extinction of memories, particularly of fear memory. This advance was mainly due to pharmacological studies in many laboratories using localized brain injections of molecularly specific substances. One area in which significant advances have been made is in understanding that many different brain structures are involved in different memories, and that often several brain regions are involved in processing the same memory. These regions can cooperate or compete with each other, depending on circumstances that are beginning to be identified quite clearly. Another aspect in which major advances were made was retrieval and post-retrieval events, especially extinction, pointing to new therapeutic approaches to fearmotivated mental disorders

Manejo de sistemas de produção de sementes e forragem de feijão-miúdo para a agricultura familar.

bitstream/item/33849/1/documento-204.pd

Muscular activity of patella and hip stabilizers of healthy subjects during squat exercises

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: Atualmente relaciona-se a fraqueza dos músculos do quadril e da coxa ao surgimento da dor anterior no joelho (DAJ). Dessa maneira, compreender como os agachamentos devem ser realizados para melhorar a ativação elétrica desses músculos é importante para o tratamento fisioterapêutico. OBJETIVO: Comparar a ativação mioelétrica de estabilizadores da patela e pelve entre as posições de agachamentos convencional e associado à contração isométrica em adução e abdução da coxa em indivíduos sem queixa de DAJ. MÉTODOS: O sinal eletromiográfico foi captado a partir de eletrodos duplo-diferenciais posicionados nos músculos vasto medial oblíquo (VMO), vasto lateral oblíquo (VLO), vasto lateral longo (VLL) e glúteo médio (GMed) em 15 mulheres sedentárias e clinicamente saudáveis, durante a contração de agachamentos convencional e associados à adução e à abdução isométrica da coxa com carga de 25% do peso corporal. A análise estatística empregada foi o modelo linear de efeitos mistos, com significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: A associação da adução e abdução isométrica da coxa no agachamento produziu cerca de 0,47 (0,2) e 0,59 (0,22), respectivamente, de atividade elétrica do músculo GMed, enquanto o agachamento convencional (AGA) produziu 0,33 (0,27) de atividade elétrica. A maior ativação do VMO aconteceu na contração de agachamento associado à adução da coxa e foi de 0,59 (0,27); já o músculo VLL apresentou uma maior atividade elétrica durante o agachamento associado à abdução, sendo de 0,60 (0,32). CONCLUSÃO: O exercício de agachamento associado à adução da coxa promoveu uma maior ativação muscular do VMO, além de aumentar a atividade muscular do GMed.BACKGROUND: Hip and knee muscle weaknesses have been associated with the onset of anterior knee pain (AKP). Therefore, the understanding of how squats exercises can be performed in order to optimize the electrical activity of these muscles is relevant for physical therapy treatments. OBJECTIVE: To compare the electromyographic activity of patella and pelvic stabilizers during traditional squat and squat associated with isometric hip adduction or abduction in subjects without AKP. METHODS: Electromyography signals were captured using double-differential electrodes at the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO), vastus lateralis longus (VLL) and gluteus medium (GMed) in 15 healthy and sedentary women during squats exercises: traditional and associated with hip adduction and hip abduction with load of 25% of body weight. Linear mixed models with significance level of 5% were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Squat associated with hip adduction and abduction produced electromyographic activity of GMed of 0.47 (0.2) and 0.59 (0.22) respectively, while conventional squat produced an electromyiographic activity of 0.33 (0.27). The higher VMO activity was 0.59 (0.27) during the isometric contraction in the squat associated with hip adduction. The higher VLO activity was 0.60 (0.32) during isometric contraction in the squat associated with hip abduction. CONCLUSION: Squat exercise associated with hip adduction increased VMO muscle activity as well as the activity of GMed activity.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Dinâmica de Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) no sistema sucessional milho/pastagem em Teresina, Piauí.

Autoria: QUERINO [i.e. SILVA], R. B. Q. da. RANYSE BARBOSA QUERINO DA SILVA

Avaliação da transferência passiva de anticorpos em cabritos alimentados com três diferentes tipos de colostro.

Resumo: O processo de imunização passiva de caprinos se dá através do colostro. Por outro lado, o mesmo pode ser uma fonte importante de contaminação, forçando a separação da cria logo ao nascer. Faz-se necessário provê-lo de imunização passiva artificial. Dentre as alternativas sugeridas, duas têm sido bastante utilizadas na região nordeste do Brasil: colostro caprino natural termizado a 56ºC por 60 min e o formulado pela EMBRAPA/Caprinos. A finalidade deste trabalho foi observar o processo de transferência passiva de imunidade de cabritos alimentados com três tipos de colostros, através da identificação qualitativa de gamaglobulinas séricas. Para isso utilizaram-se animais machos provenientes de cabras mestiças que ao nascimento foram separados imediatamente da mãe, identificados divididos em 3 grupos. As colheitas de sangue foram realizadas através de punção jugular. Após a primeira colheita foram administrados os três tipos de colostro:termizado (A), EMBRAPA (B) e colostro natural (C). As colheitas subsequentes foram realizadas às 48 h e aos 14 dias de vida. As amostras foram processadas em centrífuga para a obtenção de soro que foi aliquotado e armazenado a -20ºC. As amostras foram submetidas à eletroforese e a leitura em densitômetro a 520nm para melhor visualização das frações separadas. No soro de cabritos (n=8) com zero hora de vida, foram detectadas três frações correspondendo a albumina, alfa e betaglobulinas. Nos cabritos (n=8) com 48 h de vida, dos grupos A e C, foi observado uma quarta fração referen te a gamaglobulina. Entretanto no grupo B (n=8) tanto com 48 h como aos 14 dias de vida a fração gamaglobulina só foi evidenciada com o auxílio do densitômetro. Dentre os tratamentos utilizados o colostro caprino termizado apresentou-se, como a melhor alternativa para transferências de imunidade passiva. [Evaluation of antibodies passive transference in kids fed with three different colostrum types]. Abstract: The passive transfer process on goats occurs by the colostrum feeding. This can confer protection against infectious diseases, but can also be a contamination source, necessitating the separation of kids from their mothers immediately after birth. Thus an artificial passive immunization is required. Among the approaches available, two are strongly used in northweastern Brazil:heat-treating goat colustrum to 56ºC for 1 h and EMBRAPA colostrum. The purpose of this study was to observe the process of passive transfer of immunity in kids fed with three kinds of colostrum. 24 male kids were immediately separated from their mothers at birth, identified, distributed into three groups A, B and C. After birth, a prefeeding blood sample was collected from the jugular vein, following which the kids with the 3 types of colostrum (heat-treating, EMBRAPA and raw colostrum). Blood samples collected at 48 h after birth and 14 days. These samples were then centrifuged and the serum was frozen adn stored at -20ºC. Serum eletrophoresis was carried out and the strips were read by a densitometer set at 520 nm of absorbance to verify the number of bands present. The 24 prefeeding samples displayed three bands, comprising the albumin, alpha and beta globulins. The 24 samples corresponding to 48 hh and day 14 showed a 4th band relative to the gammaglobulin fraction in A, B and C groups, but the strips corresponding to group B only presented a fragile band. The study indicates for the passive transference of immunity was heat-treating goat colustrum at 56ºC for 1 h